한국잔디 수집계통들 중에서 우수계통들의 생육특성 비교

임용우(Y. W. Rim),김기용(K. Y. Kim),김맹중(M. J. Kim),성병렬(B. R. Sung),임영철(Y. C. Lim),정의수(E. S. Chung),신홍균(H. K. Shin),김용선(Y. S. Kim) 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2003 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.17 No.2,3

2001년 수집된 한국잔디 133계통들 중에서 우수한 계통들을 선발하기위하여 밀도(품질),<br/> 피복성, 녹색기간, 내병성, 출수유무(종자수) 등의 주요특성과 그 외 생육특성들이 조사되었다. 생육특성이 우수한 6계통이 선발되었으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.<br/> 수집된 133계통들 중에서 가장 녹색기간이긴 계통은 J01067으로 11월초까지 녹색도를 유지하였다. J01106 및 J01129 계통들은 엽폭이 각각 1.5mm 및 2mm 정도로 매우 좁으며, 밀도가 높고, 피복성도 좋은 것으로 나타났으며, 내병성도 강하였다. J01122 계통은 들잔디 계통들 중에서 유일하게 내병성이 강한 계통으로 선발되었다. J01128 계통은 엽폭이 3.2mm로 중엽에 속하였으며, 대비품종인 Sunburst 와 비슷하였다. 이 계통의 경우도J01106, J01129 계통들과 마찬가지로 밀도가 높고 내병성이 강한 것으로 나타났다.<br/> 수집된 133계통들의 형태적 분류를 위하여 5가지의 생육특성을 사용하여 크게 세가지 군집<br/> 으로 분류하였으며, 그 중에서 대비품종으로 사용된 6품종들과 선발된 우수 6계통의 분류는<br/> 다음과 같다. 제 1군집에 속하는 품종 및 계통은 Belare, Meyer, 안양중지(Anyang-jungji), J01067, J01112 등이 포함되었으며, 제 2군집으로는 S-94, J01105가 포함되었고, 제 3군집에는 Sunburst, 건희(Konhee), J01106, J01128, J01129 등이 포함되었다. Growth characteristics such as density(quality), covering speed, green period, disease resistance, heading existence(number of seeds) and other characteristics were examined for selection of superior lines among the 133 zoysiagrass lines collected in 2001. Six superior lines were selected and the results were summarized as follows.<br/> Superior line, J01067 was longest for green period among the 133 zoysiagrasses and stayed green until the beginning of November. Leaf width of J01106 and J01129 lines was very narrow as 1.5㎜ and 2㎜, respectively and superior for density(quality), covering speed and disease resistance. J01122 line was selected for strongest disease resistance among the lines of Zoysia japonica. Leaf width of J01128 was 3.2㎜ showing midium type and similar to standard cultivar, Sunburst. This line also showed higher density and strong disease resistance like J01106 and J01129.<br/> Five growth characteristics for morphological classification of 133 zoysiagrass lines<br/> was used and divided into 3 cluster groups. Of 133 lines, 6 standard cultivars and 6 superior lines were classified as follows. First cluster group contained Belare, Meyer, Anyang-jungji, J01067, J01122, and second group contained S-94 and J01105, and third group contained Sunburst, Konhee, J01106, J01128 and J01129.<br/> <br/>

Fe-Cu-M-(Si, B) (M = V, Nb, Mo, Ta, W) 합금의 연자기특성 (軟磁氣特性)

강일구,김희중,노태환,이명복,피우갑 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1990 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Dependence of the effective permeability on annealing and the annealing-induced structural change for amorphous Fe_(73.5)Cu₁M₃Si_(13.5)B_9(M=V, Nb, Mo, Ta or W)and Fe_(73.5)Cu₁Nb₃(Si_xB_(1-x))_(22.5)(x=0∼0.8) alloys were investigated. Crystalline Fe_(73.5)Cu₁M₃Si_(13.5)B_9(M=V, Nb, Mo, W)alloys with α-Fe phase which was obtained by annealing at above T_x showed higher effective permeability than with amorphous phase, and the increase in permeability upon crystallization was large in the order of V$lt;W$lt;Mo$lt;Nb. For amorphous Fe_(73.5)Cu₁Nb₃(Si_xB_(1-x))_(22.5) alloys in the composition range from x=0.5 to 0.8, soft magnetic property was improved by crystallization. Moreover, in that composition range, the effective permeability increased with the Si content(x). Superior soft magnetic property of the high-Si alloys was attributed to both the small magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the low magnetostriction. The effective permeabilities measured at 1㎑ and 5 m0e for crystalline Fe-Cu-Mo-Si-B and Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B(0.5≤x≤0.8) alloys were about 1∼2 × 10⁴, and it was comparable to that of the zero-magnetostriction Co-based amorphous alloys.

Multiple heterologous M2 extracellular domains presented on virus-like particles confer broader and stronger M2 immunity than live influenza A virus infection

Kim, M.C.,Lee, J.S.,Kwon, Y.M.,O, E.,Lee, Y.J.,Choi, J.G.,Wang, B.Z.,Compans, R.W.,Kang, S.M. Elsevier/North-Holland 2013 Antiviral research Vol.99 No.3

The influenza M2 ectodomain (M2e) is poorly immunogenic and has some amino acid changes among isolates from different host species. We expressed a tandem repeat construct of heterologous M2e sequences (M2e5x) derived from human, swine, and avian origin influenza A viruses on virus-like particles (M2e5x VLPs) in a membrane-anchored form. Immunization of mice with M2e5x VLPs induced protective antibodies cross-reactive to antigenically different influenza A viruses and conferred cross protection. Anti-M2e antibodies induced by heterologous M2e5x VLPs showed a wider range of cross reactivity to influenza A viruses at higher levels than those by live virus infection, homologous M2e VLPs, or M2e monoclonal antibody 14C2. Fc receptors were found to be important for mediating protection by immune sera from M2e5x VLP vaccination. The present study provides evidence that heterologous recombinant M2e5x VLPs can be more effective in inducing protective M2e immunity than natural virus infection and further supports an approach for developing an effective universal influenza vaccine.

M-13 bacteriophage based structural color sensor for detecting antibiotics

Moon, J.S.,Park, M.,Kim, W.G.,Kim, C.,Hwang, J.,Seol, D.,Kim, C.S.,Sohn, J.R.,Chung, H.,Oh, J.W. Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.240 No.-

Color sensor systems that exploit the advantages of M-13 bacteriophage have been shown to be potentially useful for detection of hazardous materials. The properties of M-13 bacteriophage can be systemically modified to impart target-specific selectivity and sensitivity using the phage display technique. Here, we describe a structural color-based sensor that utilizes genetically engineered M-13 bacteriophage to discriminate different types of antibiotics. An M-13 bacteriophage based structural color matrix was fabricated using a simple pulling technique by self-assembly of M-13 bacteriophage. When exposed to organic solvent, M-13 bacteriophage bundles promptly swell and promote distinct structural color change. Color sensors composed of M-13 bacteriophage genetically engineered to possess WHW peptide motifs clearly discriminated three different types of antibiotics, which was based on the color analysis of sensor using principal component analysis. Our sensing approach based on M-13 bacteriophage could be a promising sensor technique such as an environmental monitoring system.

Microneedle patch delivery to the skin of virus-like particles containing heterologous M2e extracellular domains of influenza virus induces broad heterosubtypic cross-protection

Kim, M.C.,Lee, J.W.,Choi, H.J.,Lee, Y.N.,Hwang, H.S.,Lee, J.,Kim, C.,Lee, J.S.,Montemagno, C.,Prausnitz, M.R.,Kang, S.M. Elsevier Science Publishers 2015 Journal of controlled release Vol.210 No.-

A broadly cross-protective influenza vaccine that can be administrated by a painless self-immunization method would be a value as a potential universal mass vaccination strategy. This study developed a minimally-invasive microneedle (MN) patch for skin vaccination with virus-like particles containing influenza virus heterologous M2 extracellular (M2e) domains (M2e5x VLPs) as a universal vaccine candidate without adjuvants. The stability of M2e5x VLP-coated microneedles was maintained for 8weeks at room temperature without losing M2e antigenicity and immunogenicity. MN skin immunization induced strong humoral and mucosal M2e antibody responses and conferred cross-protection against heterosubtypic H1N1, H3N2, and H5N1 influenza virus challenges. In addition, M2e5x VLP MN skin vaccination induced T-helper type 1 responses such as IgG2a isotype antibodies and IFN-γ producing cells at higher levels than those by conventional intramuscular injection. These potential immunological and logistic advantages for skin delivery of M2e5x VLP MN vaccines could offer a promising approach to develop an easy-to-administer universal influenza vaccine.

Lactobacillus reuteri의 주요 식품 위해 미생물에 대한 항균 효과

권남훈,김소현,배원기,김지연,임지연,노경민,김준만,안종삼,허진,박용호,Kwon, Nam-Hoon,Kim, So-Hyun,Bae, W.K.,Kim, J.Y.,Lim, J.Y.,Noh, K.M.,Kim, J.M.,Ahn, J.S.,Hur, J.,Park, Y.H. 한국식품위생안전성학회 2001 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구에서는 5종의 유산균들 (Lactobacillus reuteri, L. acidophillus, L. bulgaricus, L. casei and Bifidobacterium longum)의 식중독 균들에 대한 항균력을 조사하였다. 각 유산균들을 3가지 서로 다른 조건 (MRS+glucose, MRS+0.5 M glycerol, 0.25 M glycerol solution)에서 배양한 후 그 상층액이 포함된 Moulter Hinton Agar에 8종의 유해균들을 접종하였다. MRS+glucose, MRS+0.5 M glycero에서의 상층액을 이용한 실험에서는 L. reuteri의 항균력이 다른 유산균들에 비해 높지 않았으나 0.25 M glycerol solution에서는 탁월하게 높은 결과를 나타내었다. (p<0.05). 0.25 M glycerol solution에서 나타난 높은 항균력은 L. reuteri가 glycerol을 이용하여 생산하는 reuterin이란 물질 때문이라 생각되며, 0.25 M glycerol solution의 상층액을 500 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)를 통해 분석한 결과 reuterin의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다. 3가지 조건 하에서의 항균력 시험 결과 가장 높은 항균력을 나타낸 3가지 유산균들 (Lactobacillus resuteri, L. bulgaricus, L. casei)을 선발, 각각 최고의 항균력을 나타낸 조건으로 배양하여 최소사멸농도 (minimum bactericidal concentration)를 측정한 결과, L. reuteri가 생산한 reuterin이 광범위 항균물질임을 확인하였다. 또한 pH 적정, pepsin 혹은 trypsin 처리를 한 후 3가지 유산균들의 항균력 변화를 조사한 결과 L. bulgaricus와 L. casei의 항균력은 이러한 조건에서 상당히 감소한 반면 reuterin의 항균력은 아무런 영향을 받지않았다 (p<0.05). 이상의 결과들로 보아 주요 유산균들 중에서 L. reuteri의 항균력이 가장 우수하면서 광범위하였으며 이는 L. reuteri가 분비하는 항균물질인 reuterin에 기인한 것으로 사료된다. 또한 reuterin의 항균력은 타 유산균과는 달리 장관내 pH나 단백질 분해효소에 의해 영향을 받지 않으므로 인체나 동물 장관에서 가장 높은 효력을 가진다고 판단할 수 있다. Antimicrobial activities of ave different probiotics (Lactobacillus reuteri, L. acidophillus, L. bulgaricus, L. casei and Bifidobacterium longum) against 8 bacterial pathogens were determined on the Mueller Hinton Agar containing supernatant of probiotics obtained from 3 different growth conditions (MRS without glycerol, MRS with 0.5 M glycerol or 0.25 M glycerol solution). Though antimicrobial activity of L. reuteri in the first two conditions was not better than the others', the activity was significantly higher than that of others in 0.25 M glycerol solution. This prominent effect might be attributable to reuterin, produced by L. reuteri using glycerol. We could detect the presence of reuterin in the supernatant of 0.25 M glycerol solution with 500 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The result of minimum bactericidal concentration (dilution fold) has revealed that reuterin showed pan-bactericidal effects against 8 major food-borne pathogens. To examine any changes of antimicrobial activities of the probiotics, the probiotics were treated with different pH conditions, pepsin or trypsin digestion. Antimicrobial activity of reuterin was not entirely affected by any of these treatments, while the activities of the other probiotics were significantly decreased.

논문 : 생물생산시설 및 환경공학 ; 소규모 복도-더그매 예열 음압환기방식 무창자돈사의 최적 환기 요건에 관한 연구

이승주 ( S. J. Lee ),장동일 ( D. I. Chang ),황선호 ( S. H. Hwang ),( W. M. Gutierrez ),장홍희 ( H. H. Chang ) 한국농업기계학회 2010 바이오시스템공학 Vol.35 No.6

This study was carried out to determine necessary conditions for optimal ventilation of small windowless piglet house (4.0 (W) × 11.0 (L) × 2.6(H) m) with corridor and attic for preheating using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The experimental weaning piglet house was consisted of a corridor, an attic, 4 rooms (3.0 (W) × 2.75(L) m), 3 fences (0.7(H) m), 5 air inlets and 2 exhaust fans (0.4 (D) m) and simulated using CFD code, FLUENT. The simulation results for the experimental weaning piglet house showed that each room was uniformly ventilated under all the experimental conditions and air velocities at 0.1 m above floor are less than 0.15 m/s for 0.75 m/s and 1.0 m/s of air inlet velocity but 0.61 m/s for 1.25 m/s. The simulation results are similar to the measured results. Considering the air flow pattern, ventilating efficiency, air velocity at 0.1 m above floor and cold stress of weaning piglets and so on, the optimum velocity of air inlet might be 1.0 m/s.

Restricted growth of U‐type infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in rainbow trout cells may be linked to casein kinase II activity

Park, J W,Moon, C H,Harmache, A,Wargo, A R,Purcell, M K,Bremont, M,Kurath, G Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Journal of fish diseases Vol.34 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Previously, we demonstrated that a representative M genogroup type strain of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) from rainbow trout grows well in rainbow trout‐derived RTG‐2 cells, but a U genogroup type strain from sockeye salmon has restricted growth, associated with reduced genome replication and mRNA transcription. Here, we analysed further the mechanisms for this growth restriction of U‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells, using strategies that assessed differences in viral genes, host immune regulation and phosphorylation. To determine whether the viral glycoprotein (G) or non‐virion (NV) protein was responsible for the growth restriction, four recombinant IHNV viruses were generated in which the G gene of an infectious IHNV clone was replaced by the G gene of U‐ or M‐type IHNV and the NV gene was replaced by NV of U‐ or M‐type IHNV. There was no significant difference in the growth of these recombinants in RTG‐2 cells, indicating that G and NV proteins are not major factors responsible for the differential growth of the U‐ and M‐type strains. Poly I:C pretreatment of RTG‐2 cells suppressed the growth of both U‐ and M‐type IHNV, although the M virus continued to replicate at a reduced level. Both viruses induced type 1 interferon (IFN1) and the IFN1 stimulated gene Mx1, but the expression levels in M‐infected cells were significantly higher than in U‐infected cells and an inhibitor of the IFN1‐inducible protein kinase PKR, 2‐aminopurine (2‐AP), did not affect the growth of U‐ or M‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells. These data did not indicate a role for the IFN1 system in the restricted growth of U‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells. Prediction of kinase‐specific phosphorylation sites in the viral phosphoprotein (P) using the NetPhosK program revealed differences between U‐ and M‐type P genes at five phosphorylation sites. Pretreatment of RTG‐2 cells with a PKC inhibitor or a p38MAPK inhibitor did not affect the growth of the U‐ and M‐type viruses. However, 100 μ<SMALL>m</SMALL> of the casein kinase II (CKII) inhibitor, 5,6‐dichloro‐1‐β‐<SMALL>d</SMALL>‐ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB), reduced the titre of the U type 8.3‐fold at 24 h post‐infection. In contrast, 100 μ<SMALL>m</SMALL> of the CKII inhibitor reduced the titre of the M type only 1.3‐fold at 48 h post‐infection. Our data suggest that the different growth of U‐ and M‐type IHNV in RTG‐2 cells may be linked to a differential requirement for cellular protein kinases such as CKII for their growth.</P>

Magnetism in Ni-W textured substrates for coated conductors

Song K. J.,Park Y. M.,Yang J. S.,Kim S. W.,Ko R. K.,Kim H. S.,Ha H. S,Oh S. S.,Park C.,Joo J. H.,Kim C. J. The Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity a 2005 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.7 No.2

The magnetic properties of a series of both annealed (biaxially textured) and as-rolled (non-textured) Ni-xW alloy tapes with compositions x = 0,1,3, and 5 at.$\%$, were studied. Characterization methods included XRD analyses to investigate the biaxial cube texturing of the annealed Ni-W alloy tapes and studies of the magnetization M for both annealed and as-rolled Ni-W alloy tapes. Both the isothermal mass magnetizations M(H) of a series of samples at different fixed temperatures and M(T) in fixed field, employing a PPMS-9 (Quantum Design), were measured. The Ni-W alloys have shown much reduced ferromagnetism as W-content x increases. Both the saturation magnetization Msat and Curie temperature Tc decrease linearly with W-content x, and both Msat and Tc go to zero at critical concentration of Xc - 9.50 at. $\%$ W.

Magnetic Properties of <tex> $ [\hbox{Ni}_{97{\rm at.}\%}$</tex>-W<tex> $_{3{\rm at.}\%}]_{{100}-{x}}$</tex>-Cu<tex> $_x$</tex> Textured Substrates for Coated Conductors

Song, K.J.,Ko, R.K.,Kim, H.S.,Ha, H.S.,Ha, D.W.,Oh, S.S.,Park, C.,Yoo, S.-I.,Kim, M.W.,Kim, C.J.,Joo, J.H. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.17 No.2

<P>The degree of ferromagnetism of Ni-W<SUB>y</SUB> alloys decreases as W-content y increases. Both the saturation magnetization <I>M</I> <SUB>sat</SUB> and Curie temperature <I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB> decrease linearly with W-content y, and both <I>M</I> <SUB>sat</SUB> and <I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB> go to zero at critical concentration of y<SUB>c</SUB> ~9.50 at.% W. To compare with Ni-W alloys, the magnetic properties of a series of both as-rolled (non-textured) and annealed (biaxially textured) [Ni<SUB>97at.%</SUB>-W<SUB>3at.%</SUB>]<SUB>100-x</SUB>-Cu<SUB>x</SUB> alloy tapes with compositions x = 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 at.%, were studied. Characterization methods included XRD analyses to investigate the biaxial texturing of the annealed [Ni-W]-Cu alloy tapes and studies of the magnetization for both as-rolled and annealed [Ni-W]-Cu alloy tapes. Both the isothermal mass magnetizations <I>M</I>(<I>H</I>) of a series of samples at different fixed temperatures and <I>M</I>(<I>T</I>) in fixed field, were measured. The effect of Cu addition on both the saturation magnetization and Curie temperature T<SUB>c</SUB> of the Ni<SUB>97at.%</SUB>-W<SUB>3at.%</SUB> alloy was investigated.</P>