Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Between 2003 and 2008 in Korea

( J. M. Kim ),( S. K. Lim ),( J. S. Moon ),( Nam H. M. ),( H. M. Kang ),( G. C. Jang ),( S. H. Wee ),( Y. S. Joo ),( S. C. Jung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.10

A total of 1,444 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolates from bovine mastitic milk samples collected during 2003-2008 in Korea were identified to the species level. Of 14 species identified, S. simulans, S. haemolyticus, and S. sciuri accounted for over 60% of the isolates. All the CNS isolates were tested for susceptibility to eight antimicrobials commonly used in dairy cattle. With a few exceptions, similar resistance patterns were observed among the CNS species: penicillin and ampicillin showed the lowest activity, whereas amikacin, cephalothin, and gentamicin were highly effective. About 39% (557/1,444) of the CNS isolates were pan-susceptible, whereas 12% (175/1,444) showed resistance to four or more antimicrobials tested.

상안검거근의 절제에 의한 안검하수의 교정에 대한 임상적고찰

마홍수,조문제,조해석,위성신,최오규 大韓成形外科學會 1986 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.13 No.2

The great number of operations described over the past century for correcting blepharoptosis is indicative of the difficulty of achieving a standardized technique. It will be consistently effective condition that has so many variations of degree and individual operative technique is so important. To obtain the best surgical results in blapharoptosis, it is necessary to select the appropriate operation for each case according to levator function, degree of ptosis, its etiology and the others. In generally, if the levator function is poor or abscent, sling of the upper lid to frontalis muscle is recommended and if levator function is good, resection of the levator is the treatment of choice. But some authors (Blaskovics & Jaensch) believe that resection of the levator will give an excellent result even when little preoperative levator action is evident. Authors have experienced 25 patients (27 eyes) of the moderate to severe degree of blepharoptosis who have received the levator resection, from January 1980 to January 1984 and could have done follow up studies for at least 6 months. The results were obtained as follows; 1. In most cases, the patients were satisfied except 6 cases complicated; one case of entropion and five cases of undercorrection. 2. Even if levator function was poor (below 2 mm, 7 cases), good surgical results have been obtained by resection of levator(21-25 mm or above).

항산화제가 돼지난포란의 체외성숙, 체외수정 및 체외배발달에 미치는 영향

김민식,김은국,위갑인,강만종,문승주,김재홍,조미영,박지현 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study was conducted to investigate effects of L-ascorbic acid, selenium, α-tocopherol, cysteamine and glutathione on maturation, development ability of porcine oocytes in vitro. When the immature oocytes were cultured of L-ascorbic acid, selenium, α-tocopherol, cysteamine and glutathione for 40-44hr, the nuclear maturation rates were 39.4, 80.9, 82.2, 65.6, 49.1 and 87.9%, respectively. The nuclear maturation rates of treatment groups were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those of non-treat groups. After maturation, the oocytes were inseminated in vitro in medium 199 with ejaculated spermatozoa for examination of cleavage rate and development ability of porcine oocytes. After insemination, the cleavage rates at 48hr of treat groups were higher than thecontrol group(P<0.05), and the cleavage rates at 120hr of treat groups were higher than control group(P<0.05).

반흔성 하안검 외반증에 대한 Composite Graft의 치험예

함기선,위성신,조해석,임풍,조문제 大韓成形外科學會 1980 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.7 No.1

Eyelid ectropion was the most common late sequelae encountered in our experiences following trauma or thermal burn around the eyelid. Those deformities must be corrected early to preserve visual acuity. Split-skin graft to the upper eyelid and full thickness skin graft to the lower lid have been emphasized to the most reliable methods for correction of the cicatrical ectropion. However, there is tendency toward contracture under these grafts, and the ectropion recur and reoperation or additional sugery required. To solve these problems, we have corrected the cicatrical ectropion with free composite graft of skin and cartilage from the concha of the auricle. The results of these composite grafts are favorable without recurrence.

효율적인 돼지 복제수정란 생산에 관한 연구 : Ⅱ.탈핵 여건의 확립

위갑인,강만종,문승주 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

This study was carried out to improve of enucleation effciency on porcine recipient oocytes preactivated. In ethanol or Ca^(2+) ionophore, effect of repeating and combinational activation with 6-DMAP or cycloheximide compared with alone activated treatment. Recipient oocytes's activation by Ca^(2+)ionophore combined with 6-DMAP or cycloheximide were significantly higher than alone treatment(P<O.05). Between repeating and alone treatments were not significantly different. In ethanol, repeating treatment was significantly lower than alone(P<O.05), and combination treatments were not significantly different. On the basis of these results, efficiency of enucleation, electrical fusion and in vitro development compared preactivated with non-preactivated recipient oocytes. Enucleation and fusion rates of preactivated oocytes were improved significantly compared with non-preactivated oocytes(90.7%, 71.8 vs 77.8%, 61.1%; P<O.05). Behind the back, cleavage and in vitro development rates were significantly lower than nonpreactivated oocytes(38.7%, 19.3% vs 68.8%, 30.6%; P<0.05).

L-ascorbic acid와 α-tocophero1이 돼지정액 성상과 체외수정란의 배발달율에 미치는 영향

박희진,김은국,위갑인,강만종,김광현,김재홍,문승주 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

The objective of this studys were to investigate the effect of α-tocopherol and L-ascorbic acid supplement on the boar semen characteristics and in vitro development rate of porcine oocytes. Sperm viability rate was significantly higher in α-tocopherol supplement than in control(66.6%) after 72hr of storage(P<0.05). Sperm motility was increased in treatment(80%, 93.3%, 85%) than in control(73.3%) at 12h of storage(P<0.05). Following insemination with 60h of store, morular and blastocyst on in vitro development resulted in significantly higher than control(P<0.05). After 72h of semen storage L-ascorbic addition also increased the sperm viability rate(P<0.05). Treatment as sperm motility was significantly higher than control in 72h of store(60% vs 66.6%, p<0.05). Following insemination with 60h of store treated porcine oocytes on in vitro development was increased more than control(56.8%), 59.9%, 62.8% vs 45.1%, P<0.05). Morular and blastocyst on in vitro development resulted in significantly higher than control(27.1%, 30.0%, 33.1% vs 20.0%, P<0.05). The results from this experiment indicated that α-tocopherol and L-ascorbic acid supplementation, for viability and motility in porcine semen, increased delay storing time of semen and in vitro development rate following insemination.

Si 및 C이 복합첨가된 TiAl-Nb 합금의 열적안정성 및 기계적 성질

김정환,김성웅,이호년,김민철,오명훈,위당문 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.8

Thermal stability of the lamellar microstructure in TiAI-Nb alloys containing Si and C was investigated by partial melting experiments. The proper compositions which have enough thermal stability to be used as a seed material were found for TiAl-Nb-Si-C alloy system. The lamellar microstructure of the Ti-44.5A1-3Nb-0.6Si-0.2C and Ti-45Al-2Nb-0.6Si-0.2C alloys was successfully aligned parallel to the growth direction by directional solidification using Ti-44.5A1-3Nb-0.6Si-0.2C alloy as a seed material. The DS ingots of these alloys exhibited a excellent combination of room-temperature ductility (8.5%) and high-temperature yield strength (700 MPa at 800℃). Nb was not an effective element to improve the lamellar stability. However, adding a small amount of Si and C to the TiAl-Nb system was very effective to improve the thermal stability of the lamellar microstructure.

초급냉 Al-Cr 계 합금의 열적안정성에 관한 연구

윤의박,김기배,차정민,조순형,위당문,남태운 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1985 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.23 No.7

In this paper decomposition and thermal stability of the supersaturated solid solution of Al-Cr alloys were investigated. Al-1.2 wt%Cr alloys were rapidly solidified by using a small droplet chill quenching method. The decomposition process of the supersaturated Al-Cr solid solution by annealing at 350℃ to 600℃ and up to 60 hours was examined by means of microhardness and X-ray diffraction analysis. Hardness measurements on supersaturated Al-Cr solid solution annealed isothermally showed no sign of age hardening. The activation energy for decomposition was estimated to be 52.6㎉ and the thermal stability to be 0.76. The microstructural change during isothermal aging was that the fine, globular particles, which were nucleated heterogeneously along the cell boundary, were grown into chunky particles. The decomposition process was considered by establishing a cylindrical cell model and by using Johnson-Mehl equation. At the initial stage of the decomposition process the decomposition was governed by the diffusion controlled growth of a fixed number of particles (that was, the time exponent of Johnson-Mehl equation n=3/2), and at the middle and final stage the decomposition was governed by the combination of the diffusion controlled growth of cylinders in axial direction only and growth on dislocation (that was, n=1∼2/3).

Association between HSP70 Genotypes and Oocytes Development on In vitro Maturation/Fertilization in Pig

Wee, M.S.,Park, C.K.,Cho, S.R.,Lee, S.S.,Yeon, S.H.,Kim, C.D.,Cho, C.Y.,Choi, S.H.,Sang, B.D.,Son, D.S.,Li, Z.D.,Jin, H.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.10

This study was performed to clarify whether the variation of stress related heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) (GenBank X68213) gene was associated with the nuclear morphological change of in vitro maturation and in vitro capacitation in oocytes of pig ovaries obtained at the slaughterhouse. The nucleic acid substitution of C to G at the 483rd position was found out in HSP70 K1 (290-512) from X68213. The ovaries were categorized into CC, CG, and GG genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) (BsiHKA I). After the second in vitro maturation of immature fresh oocytes, the relation of nuclear morphological change in oocytes with the genotype of HSP70 K1 gene was such that the MII ratios of the genotype GG and CG (46.93% and 42.20%, respectively) were significantly higher than that of the CC genotype (10.71%) (p<0.05). With respect to in vitro maturation of frozen-thawed oocytes by an open pulled straw (OPS) method, the percentage of oocytes matured to MII stage of the CG genotype showed a higher trend than CC and GG genotypes. After the in vitro maturation of immature fresh oocytes and frozen-thawed oocytes by the OPS method, the relation of the pronuclei change in oocytes matured in vitro with HSP70 genotype was assessed, and the result showed that the enlarged sperm heads (ESH) of matured fresh oocytes and frozen-thawed oocytes were 80.0% and 60.0% in the CC genotype, respectively. The CC genotype group had a significantly higher rate of ESH than the CG and the GG genotype group (p<0.05). The ratios of polyspermic invasion were not different among HSP70 of the three genotypes. It was considered that the rate of in vitro maturation of fertilized oocytes was expected to differ according to genotype of the stress related gene.

Epidemiological Characteristics of the 2002 Outbreak of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in The Republic of Korea

Wee, S.-H.,Yoon, H.,More, S. J.,Nam, H.-M.,Moon, O.-K.,Jung, J.-M.,Kim, S.-J.,Kim, C.-H.,Lee, E.-S.,Park, C.-K.,Hwang, I.-J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Transboundary and emerging diseases Vol.55 No.8

<P>Summary</P><P>The Republic of Korea experienced a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak during May–June 2002. The present study describes epidemiological characteristics of the 2002 FMD outbreak in Korea, including the pattern of the outbreak in both time and space, transmission routes among infected farms, and control measures. One of the notable features of the 2002 FMD epidemic in Korea was that the virus infected mostly pigs [15 of 16 infected premises (IPs)], despite the presence of other susceptible animals on infected and neighbouring farms. The epidemic showed temporal clustering at 8–9 day intervals, suggesting five generations of infection during the outbreak, and 13 of 16 (81.3%) IPs were located within a 10 km-radius of the index case. The clinical signs that prompted notification of infection included vesicles around hooves and snouts. The age of lesions was significantly less among cases reported by farmers compared with veterinarians. The high awareness of farmers from an earlier FMD outbreak greatly helped the animal hygiene authority in efforts associated with disease control and eradication. The outbreak was eradicated within < 2 months as a result of the intensive control efforts of the animal hygiene authorities and the cooperation of the Korean people. Although the outbreak was a costly lesson for the Korean people, the experience gained will contribute to future efforts in the prevention and control of animal infectious diseases.</P>