Surface Characterization of the Activated Carbon Fibers After Plasma Polymerization of Allylamine

Lu, Na,Tang, Shen,Ryu, Seung-Kon,Choi, Ho-Suk Korean Carbon Society 2005 Carbon Letters Vol.6 No.4

Plasma polymerization of allylamine subsequently after plasma pre-treatment was conducted on the activated carbon fibers (ACFs) for the immobilization of amine groups in the surface of ACFs. The change of structural properties of ACFs with respect to different polymerization conditions was investigated through BET method. The change of surface morphologies of ACFs with respect to different plasma polymerization power was also studied through AFM. It was found that the structural properties such as specific surface area and micropore volume could be optimized under certain plasma deposition conditions. It was reckoned that treatment and deposition showed adverse effect on plasma polymerization, in which the former developed the micro-structures of the ACFs and the latter tended to block the micro pores. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the poly(allylamine) was successfully immobilized on the surface of ACFs and the amount of the deposited polymer layer was related to the plasma polymerization power. SEM results showed that the plasma deposited polymer layer were small and homogenously distributed. The size and the distribution of particles deposited were closely related to the plasma polymerization power, too.

Spatial-temporal Assessment and Mapping of the Air Quality and Noise Pollution in a Sub-area Local Environment inside the Center of a Latin American Megacity: Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá Campus

Guevara Luna, Fredy Alejandro,Guevara Luna, Marco Andrés,Rojas Roa, Néstor Yezid 한국대기환경학회 2018 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.12 No.3

The construction, development and maintenance of an economically, environmentally and socially sustainable campus involves the integration of measuring tools and technical information that invites and encourages the community to know the actual state to generate positive actions for reducing the negative impacts over the local environment. At the Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Campus Bogotá, a public area with daily traffic of more than 25000 people, the Environmental Management Bureau has committed with the monitoring of the noise pollution and air quality, as support to the campaigns aiming to reduce the pollutant emissions associated to the student’s activities and campus operation. The target of this study is based in the implementation of mobile air quality and sonometry monitoring equipment, the mapping of the actual air quality and noise pollution inside the university campus as a novel methodology for a sub-area inside a megacity. This results and mapping are proposed as planning tool for the institution administrative sections. A mobile Kunak Air & OPC air monitoring station with the capability to measure particulate matter PM10, PM2.5, Ozone (O3), Sulfur Oxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Oxide (NO2) as well as Temperature, Relative Humidity and Latitude and Longitude coordinates for the data georeferenciation; and a sonometer Cirrus 162B Class 2 were used to perform the measurements. The measurements took place in conditions of academic activity and without it, with the aim of identify the impacts generated by the campus operation. Using the free code geographical information software QGIS 2.18, the maps of each variable measured were developed, and the impacts generated by the operation of the campus were identified qualitative and quantitively. For the measured variables, an increase of around 21% for the LAeq noise level and around 80% to 90% for air pollution were detected during the operation period.

CFD Modeling and Validation of Tracer Gas Dispersion to Evaluate Self-pollution in School Buses

Guevara Luna, Fredy Alejandro,Guevara Luna, Marco Andrés,Belalcázar Cerón, Luis Carlos 한국대기환경학회 2019 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.13 No.1

The exhaust gases expelled from the tailpipe during the transit of the buses are composed by different pollutants, each of them dangerous to the human health in different ways. Self-pollution has been detected as a phenomenon related with the passengers exposition to pollutants inside transport buses during their travels. The emissions from the tailpipe make their way to the cabin of the bus, exposing the passengers to toxic gases and particulate matter during the whole time of the trip they are making. The quantitative and detailed modeling of the pollutants in-cabin is important due to the sensitive nature of the children population to respiratory disease related to air pollution. This study assesses self-pollution in school buses using CFD modeling, this is achieved by simulating the dispersion of a tracer gas Sulfur Hexa-Fluoride (SF6) inside and outside the bus. Two previous studies datasets were used to validate the CFD model performance, and accuracy in its capacity to quantitatively describe the phenomenon. The CFD model developed and validated considered the turbulence through the k-epsilon realizable model. The system was considered as a multicomponent single-eulerianphase flow with the “species to transport” model. Transient formulation and energy were implemented. Mesh was optimized to polyhedral elements, reducing considerably the simulation time by 35%, and mesh size to 25%. The model was able to determine the behavior of the tailpipe emissions and the self-pollution phenomenon into the bus, showing that the highest concentrations (and therefore the maximum exposure) are located in the rear part of the bus. Validation of the CFD results with previous experimental measures and modeling results, reported in two previous studies, determined an error of 12% and 17% for the concentrations outside and inside the bus respectively, correlation coefficient (R2) values between 0.5 and 0.9 were obtained between CFD results for SF6 concentrations and validation dataset.

Passengers Exposure to PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> in Self-polluted BRT-Diesel Operated Transport System Microenvironments

Fredy Alejandro Guevara Luna,Marco Andrés Guevara Luna,Luis Carlos Belalcázar Cerón 한국대기환경학회 2020 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.14 No.2

BRT (Bus Rapid Transport) vehicles are a frequented microenvironment, it consists of exclusive lines for the transport of passengers in articulated buses. In many large cities of developing countries BRT vehicles are diesel operated buses emitting important amounts of PM2.5, a pollutant related with many health affectations. Evidence of high exposure levels have been reported onboard BRT vehicles, but detailed analysis of self-pollutions has not been developed. In this research, measurements of PM2.5 inside the BRT system of Bogota called TransMilenio were performed. Speed and location data were recorded in real-time. In-situ measurements were performed in 3 lines of the system: Av. El Dorado, Av. Caracas and Calle 80, in different seat locations inside the buses. PM2.5 concentrations above 120 μg/m3 were measured for all the cases studied. Values above the 24 h WHO (World Health Organization) recommendation were registered. Trips were determined to be between 20 to 40 minutes per passenger. A CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model was implemented to simulate the exhaust emissions from the buses, 3 traffic velocities of BRT were evaluated: 20, 32 and 60 km/h. Measurements and simulation results were used to calculate the self-pollution ratios inside the vehicles. The rear of the buses was identified as the most polluted section onboard with a ratio of selfpollution about 35% average.

Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Particulate Matter Using AOD Data from MODIS and Surface Measurements in the Ambient Air of Colombia

Marco Andrés Guevara Luna,Fredy Alejandro Guevara Luna,Juan Felipe Méndez Espinosa,Luis Carlos Belalcázar Cerón 한국대기환경학회 2018 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.12 No.2

Particulate matter (PM) measurements are important in air quality, public health, epidemiological studies and decision making for short and long-term policies implementation. However, only few cities in the word have advance air quality-monitoring networks able to provide reliable information of PM leaves in the ambient air, trends and extent of the pollution. In Colombia, only major cities measure PM concentrations. Available measurements from Bogota, Medellin and Bucaramanga show that PM concentration are well above World Health Organization guidelines, but up to now levels and trends of PM in other cities and regions of the country are not well known. Satellite measurements serve as an alternative approach to study air quality in regions were surface measurements are not available. The aim of this study is to perform a spatial and temporal assessment of PM in the ambient air of Colombia. We used Aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieved by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite of NASA and surface measurements from the air quality networks of Bogota, Medellin and Bucaramanga. In a first step, we estimated the correlation between MODIS-AOD and monthly average surface measurements (2000 to 2015) from these three cities, obtaining correlation coefficient R values over 0.4 for the cities under study. After, we used AOD and PM10 measurements to study the temporal evolution of PM in different cities and regions. Finally, we used AOD measurements to identify cities and regions with the highest AOD levels in Colombia. All the methods presented in this paper may serve as an example for other countries or regions to identify and prioritize locations that require the implementation of more accurate air quality measurements.

Rethinking Community Development in the Philippines : "Indigenizing" and Regainning Grounds

Luna, Emmanuel M. 한국국제지역사회개발학회 1998 地域社會開發學術誌 Vol.8 No.1

·The Call For A Discourse ·A Prelude to a Discourse: The Development of Communities As Innate Phenomenon ·Something to Start With: The Beginning of the Westem Community Development Concept and Practice ·The Discourse in progress: The Beginning of Community Development As An Academic Discipline ·Let's Have A pause: Looking Back… A Scar in Development Work ·Something to be Shred: The "Indigenization" of Community Development The CSWCD Experience ·Going Back to Our Discourse: Some Insights in the Development of the Discipline ·A new Agenda in Our Discourse: A Starter Community Development Framework ·The Missing Third Party in Our Discourse: The Community in Focus ·Lets Continue the Discourse: Where Do We Go? ·Somebody is Eavesdropping: Mobilizing the Support Institutions for Community Development practice ·Another Concern of Our Discourse: Different Approaches In Working With the Communities ·Winding Up, But Let's Continue the Discourse.....

The textile products labelling analysis and requirements

Luna Santos-Roldán,Beatriz Palacios-Florencio,Juan Manuel Berbel-Pineda 한국의류학회 2020 Fashion and Textiles Vol.7 No.1

The textile sector is one of the most representative of Spanish industry, contributing to the wealth of the country with close to 10% of the business fabric in Spain. However, in spite of this daily consumption little is known about the guarantees of traceability clothes labelling must inform about. The purpose of this study is to present a work of analysis of the compliance with the content of the labelling in this sector. For his objective, a research was developed through the consideration of 32 businesses of the textile sector in the city of Córdoba (Spain) where were photographed each label for its later analysis and a confirmation of the regulation. The results show that the majority of labels are incomplete and insufficient. Therefore, it’s necessary the existence of an European public organism with a competence to accredit the manufacturing, distribution and commercialization of textile garments, protecting the rights of workers and the consumers’ access to information.

Development of a Spontaneously Antibody-binding Recombinant Fusion Protein System for Immune Cell Surface Modification

Luna KIM,Hongbin KIM,Su Yeon LIM,Yihyeon KIM,Chaeseon KIM,Chanho PARK,Kwang Suk LIM 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.4

The Community Development Academic Courses at Up-CSWCD : A Reflection of Reality, a Tool for Empowerment

Luna, Emmanuel M. 한국국제지역사회개발학회 1998 地域社會開發學術誌 Vol.8 No.2

신호처리기법을 이용한 부식강판의 응력집중계수 추정

루나빅터마빈 ( Luna Victor Marvin ),김인태 ( Kim In-tae ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2022 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.26 No.2

Corrosion can compromise the fatigue strength of steel structures. A sudden change in cross-sectional area due to corrosion damage can cause a sharp increase in stress concentration which can lead to fatigue cracks under cyclic loading. Therefore, predicting the location of high stress concentration is key to fatigue assessment. In this study, signal processing techniques (SPTs) were employed in evaluating stress concentration factor (SCF) of irregular surfaces. Fourier Transform, one of the techniques, decomposes a complex wave into sinusoidal waves, thus simplifying SCF computations. In comparison with using Finite Element Method, applying SPTs yielded generally below a 5% error in estimating the SCF fluctuations of corroded plates.