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New Time-Domain Decoder for Correcting both Errors and Erasures of Reed-Solomon Codes
Erl-Huei Lu,Tso-Cho Chen,Chih-Wen Shih 한국전자통신연구원 2016 ETRI Journal Vol.38 No.4
A new time-domain decoder of Reed-Solomon (RS) codes is proposed. Because this decoder can correct both errors and erasures without computing the erasure locator, the errata locator, or errata evaluator polynomial, the computational complexity can be substantially reduced. Herein, to demonstrate the benefit, the (255, 223) and the (63, 39) RS codes are used as examples for the comparisons of computational complexity of the proposed decoder with two well-known related decoders. The comparisons show that the proposed decoder always has lower computational requirement to decode all combination of u erasures and v errors than both the well-known related decoders on the condition of 2v+u<=d_min -1 where d_min denotes the minimum distance of the RS code. Moreover, the benefit is more evident if u becomes larger.
Miao Huei Tseng(曾妙慧),Hui Fen Lu(呂慧芬) 한국경영교육학회 2014 한국경영교육학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.6
The objectives of this study is to explore Taiwanese attitudes toward the welfare state, and to investigate from the perspective of welfare mix what kind of long-term care system they want. This study collected information by telephone interviews, and finally made 1,083 telephone interview samples. The results are as followings: 1. Most of respondents approved the expansion path of welfare state; they thought the most need to increase spending is long-term care; and 76% of respondents agreed that government should introduce social long-term care insurance.2.As to the long-term care model, most respondents prefer "informal services" (52.3%), higher than the "formal service" (34.4%); prefer "in-home" care(65%) to institutional care. 3. Overall, respondents held a positive attitude toward the enterprises joining the long-term care services industry; when the service is the same price, 34% of respondents would choose to purchase services from non-pro fit institution, slightly higher than choose to buy from corporate (29%).
Sheng-Huei Yang,Ching-Ming Chien,Mei-Chin Lu,Yi-Hsiung Lin,Xiu-Wei Hu,Shinne-Ren Lin 생화학분자생물학회 2006 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.38 No.4
Cardiotoxin III (CTX III), a basic polypeptide with 60 amino acid residues isolated from Naja naja atra venom, has been reported to have anticancer activity. CTX III-induced K562 cell apoptosis was confirmed by DNA fragmentation (DNA ladder, sub-G1 for-mation) and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization with an IC50 value of 1.7 g/ml at 48 h. A mechanistic analysis demonstrated that CTX III-induced apop-totic cell death was accompanied by up-regulation of both Bax and endonuclease G (Endo G), and downregulation of Bcl-XL. CTX III had no effect on the levels of Bcl-2, Bid, XIAP survivin, and AIF proteins. CTX III treatment caused loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm), release of mitochon-drial cytochrome c to the cytosol, and activation of both caspase-9 and -3. CTX III-induced apoptosis was significantly blocked by the broad-spectrum cas-pase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. However, CTX III did not generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and talase, did not block CTX III-induced apoptosis in K562 cells. Modulation of Bax, Bcl-XL, and the Endo G proteins, release of mitochondrial cytochome c, and activation of caspase-3 and -9 all are involved in the CTX III-triggered apoptotic process in human leukemia K562 cells.
다수제적 혼합선거제도 하에서의 투표행태에 대한 다차원 분석
( Chia Hung Tsai ),( Lu Huei Chen ),( Chao Chi Lin ),( Su Feng Cheng ) 한국선거학회 2011 선거연구 Vol.1 No.2
혼합선거제도는 영국의 전통적 소선거구제와 비례제 양자 모두의 좋은 점을 제공한다고 언급된다. 학자들은 후보자와 정당들이 이러한 선거 규칙에 어떻게 반응하는지 고찰해 왔으며, 이 제도 하에서는 상이한 유인 요인이 존재한다고 주장해 왔다. 두 개의 서로 다른 층 간의 상호작용 또한 연구의 대상이 되어 왔다. 본 논문은 소선거구제에서의 투표 행태가 정당의 명성에 의해 영향 받는 정도를 평가해 보고자 하는데, 이는 소선거구 선거 결과와 비례대표 선거 결과 간의 차이에 의해서 측정된다. 대부분의 유권자가 비례대표 표를 던질 때 자신들의 선호를 따르며, 소선거구 표를 던질 때는 현직자를 고려할 것이라고 우리는 가정한다. 한국, 대만, 그리고 일본에서의 투표 행태를 비교함으로써, 사회적 배경, 정치적 태도, 쟁점에 대한 의견 등이 투표 행태에 미치는 상대적 영향력을 이들 세 국가에 걸쳐서 평가할 수 있다. 분석에 사용되는 자료는 선거제도 비교연구(CSES) 2차조사 (2001-2006), 21세기 전국적 장기 설문조사 자료 (JES 3차), 대만의 선거 및 민주화 연구 자료 (TEDS 2008L)이며, 이를 통해 각기 한국의 2004년 총선, 대만의 2008년 의회선거, 그리고 일본의 총선을 고찰한다. It is said that mixed-member systems offer the best of both the traditional British single-member district system (SMD) and proportional representation systems (PR). Scholars have examined how candidates and parties respond to the electoral rule, arguing that there are different incentives for them. The interaction between the two tiers is also investigated. This paper attempts to assess the extent to which voting behavior in the SMD districts would be influenced by party reputation measured by the difference between the SMD and PR voting results. We assume that most voters follow their preferences when they cast their PR votes, but that they consider the incumbents when they cast their SMD ballots. Comparing voting behavior in Korea, Taiwan, and Japan, we are able to assess the relative effect of social backgrounds, political predispositions, and issue opinions on voting behavior across three countries. We use CSES Module 2 (2001-2006) data, the Nation-wide Longitudinal Survey Study on Voting Behavior in the 21st Century (JES III) data, and Taiwan`s Election and Democratization Study (TEDS 2008L) data to examine voting behavior in the 2004 National Assembly election of Korea, the 2008 legislative election of Taiwan, and the 2005 general election of Japan respectively.
Women and Political Participation in India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam
Peggy Spitzer Christoff,Nancy Davis Lewis,Min-Huei Lu,Jamie M. Sommer 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2017 Asian Women Vol.33 No.2
Our study examines the various ways transnational advocacy networks (TANs) may impact the ability of women to increase their social standing in local communities in India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam through climate change adaptation (CCA) programs. We analyze programs in each of the four nations and interview data from non-governmental organizers, local journalists, a social entrepreneur in India, one program manager who worked both in Vietnam and Thailand, and one strategic planner. While the programs we examine in this study are relatively new, and thus their long-term effects are as yet unknowable, our preliminary findings indicate that through technology and innovation, practical skills enhancements, and connections with local non-governmental organizations (NGO)-centered CCA projects, women have the potential to increase their political involvement and social status within their communities. While these experiences should provide women with more skills to enhance their social status, multiple structural factors in the regions on which we focused may impede women’s political participation. We find that work-around strategies introduced in CCA programs may enable women to achieve greater autonomy. Correspondingly, NGO programs and interventions should be more successful when the state officially acknowledges gender equality and women’s rights.
( Cheng-en Hsieh ),( Yuh-ming Hwu ),( Sheng-hsiang Li ),( Chung-hao Lu ),( Ming-huei Lin ),( Robert Kuo-kuang Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.102 No.-
Objective: To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) on revascularization, survival, and oocyte quality of cryopreserved, subcutaneously transplanted mouse ovarian tissue. Methods: Outbred ICR mice (n = 112) were used as the animal model. Vitrified mouse ovarian tissues were treated without (control group) or with VEGF and FGF2 before autologous subcutaneous transplantation. After transplantation for 2 or 3 weeks, grafts’ survival, angiogenesis, and oocyte quality were examined. Results: VEGF and FGF2 promoted revascularization and significantly increased the survival rate of subcutaneously transplanted cryopreserved ovarian tissues compared with the untreated grafted control. The two growth factors did not show long-term effects on the ovarian grafts. In contrast to the untreated ovarian grafts, active folliculogenesis was revealed as the number of various follicles was significantly higher or had an increased trend in the VEGF and FGF2-treated ones. Though the fertilization rate had no differences between VEGF/FGF2 and control group; however, the oocyte quality was much better in the VEGF/FGF2-treated grafts as demonstrated by the higher ratio of blastocyst development. Conclusions: Introducing of angiogenic factors such as VEGF and FGF2 may be a promising strategy to improve revascularization, survival, and oocyte quality of cryopreserved, subcutaneously transplanted mouse ovarian tissue.