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Jiang, Xiaoyu,Lu, Xiaoqing,McNamara, George,Liu, Xiaofei,Cubedo, Elena,Sarosiek, Kristopher A.,Sá,nchez-Garcí,a, Isidro,Helfman, David M.,Lossos, Izidore S. American Society of Hematology 2010 Blood Vol.116 No.24
<B>Abstract</B><P>HGAL is a germinal center (GC)-specific gene that negatively regulates lymphocyte motility and whose expression predicts improved survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). We demonstrate that HGAL serves as a regulator of the RhoA signaling pathway. HGAL enhances activation of RhoA and its down-stream effectors by a novel mechanism - direct binding to the catalytic DH-domain of the RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) PDZ-RhoGEF and LARG that stimulate the GDP-GTP exchange rate of RhoA. We delineate the structural domain of HGAL that mediates its interaction with the PDZ-RhoGEF protein. These observations reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of GC-specific HGAL protein on the motility of GC-derived lymphoma cells. This mechanism may underlie the limited dissemination and better outcome of patients with HGAL-expressing DLBCL and cHL.</P>
Sensory neurons and osteoblasts: close partners in a microfluidic platform
Neto, Estrela,Alves, Cecí,lia J.,Sousa, Daniela M.,Alencastre, Inê,s S.,Lourenç,o, Ana H.,Leitã,o, Luí,s,Ryu, Hyun R.,Jeon, Noo L.,Fernandes, Rui,Aguiar, Paulo,Almeida, Ra Oxford University Press 2014 Integrative biology Vol.6 No.6
<P>Innervation has proven to be critical in bone homeostasis/regeneration due to the effect of soluble factors, produced by nerve fibers, associated with changes in the activity of bone cells. Thus, in this study, we have established and characterized a coculture system comprising sensory neurons and osteoblasts to mimic the <I>in vivo</I> scenario where nerve fibers can be found in a bone microenvironment. Embryonic or adult primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells were cocultured in compartmentalized microfluidic platforms and morphological and functional tests were performed. The time of adhesion and readout of axonal outgrowth were improved by the alignment of DRG with the axis of microgrooves, which showed to be a crucial step for the designed experiments. Cocultures of entire DRG from adult origin with osteoblasts were performed, showing extended DRG projections towards the axonal compartment, reaching osteoblastic cells. Immunocytochemistry showed that the neurites present within the osteoblastic compartment were immunoreactive to synapsin and calcitonin gene-related peptide suggesting the presence of specialized structures involved in this crosstalk. This evidence was further confirmed by electron microscopy where varicosities were detected as well as electron dense structures in neurite membranes. Aiming to mimic the properties of tissue extracellular matrices, MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded in the axonal side upon laminin, collagen or within 3D functionalized alginate matrices and axonal outgrowth was clearly observed. In order to analyze and quantify data with reproducible image analysis, a semi-automated algorithm was also developed. The collagen and laminin substrates displayed a higher amount of axons reaching the axonal side. Overall, the established method revealed to be a suitable tool to study the interaction between the peripheral nervous system and bone cells in different contexts mimicking the <I>in vivo</I> scenario.</P>
Stable 2D anti-ferromagnetically coupled fluorenyl radical dendrons
Wang, Jian,Kim, Gakhyun,Sandoval-Salinas, Marí,a Eugenia,Phan, Hoa,Gopalakrishna, Tullimilli Y.,Lu, Xuefeng,Casanova, David,Kim, Dongho,Wu, Jishan Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Chemical Science Vol.9 No.13
<▼1><P>The first class of stable two-dimensional anti-ferromagnetically coupled dendritic polyradicaloids was synthesized, which show polyradical character and unique properties.</P></▼1><▼2><P>We report the first class of stable, two-dimensional (2D) anti-ferromagnetically coupled dendritic polyradicaloids. A kinetically blocked fluorenyl radical was used to build up the first and second generation dendrons <B>FR-G1</B> and <B>FR-G2</B> containing three and seven fluorenyl units, respectively. The neighboring fluorenyl radicals in <B>FR-G1</B> and <B>FR-G2</B> show moderate anti-ferromagnetic exchange interaction, resulting in a doublet and quartet ground state, respectively, with a small doublet–quartet energy gap. From <B>FR-G1</B> to <B>FR-G2</B>, the energy gap decreased and the two-photon absorption was enhanced owing to more extended 2D π-conjugation. Both compounds showed multiple redox waves due to their polyradical character.</P></▼2>
Lee, Ji Hyun,Han, Donghee,Hartaigh, Brí,ain ó,Gransar, Heidi,Lu, Yao,Rizvi, Asim,Park, Mahn Won,Roudsari, Hadi Mirhedayati,Stuijfzand, Wijnand J.,Berman, Daniel S.,Callister, Tracy Q.,DeLa Wiley (John WileySons) 2018 Clinical cardiology Vol.41 No.5
<P>Our objective was to assess the prognostic value of symptom typicality in patients without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), determined by coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA). We identified 4215 patients without prior history of CAD and without obstructive CAD (<50% CCTA stenosis). CAD severity was categorized as nonobstructive (1%-49%) and none (0%). Based upon the Diamond-Forrester criteria for angina pectoris, symptom typicality was classified as asymptomatic, nonanginal, atypical, and typical. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), comprising all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and late revascularization, according to symptom typicality. Mean patient age was 57.0 +/- 12.0years (54.9% male). During a median follow-up of 5.3years (interquartile range, 4.6-5.9years), MACE were reported in 312 (7.4%) patients. Among patients with nonobstructive CAD, there was an association between symptom typicality and MACE (P for interaction=0.05), driven by increased risk of MACE among those with typical angina and nonobstructive CAD (hazard ratio: 1.62, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-2.48, P=0.03). No consistent relationship was found between symptom typicality and MACE among patients without any CAD (hazard ratio: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.34-1.57, P=0.08). In the CONFIRM registry, patients who presented with concomitant typical angina and nonobstructive CAD had a higher rate of MACE than did asymptomatic patients with nonobstructive CAD. However, the presence of typical angina did not appear to portend worse prognosis in patients with no CAD.</P>
Xin Xiangjun,António Luís Jesus Teixeira,Paulo P. Monteiro,José R. F. da Rocha,Paulo Sérgio de Brito André 한국전자통신연구원 2005 ETRI Journal Vol.27 No.3
The transmission performance of optical labeling based on a combined frequency shift keying/amplitude shift keying (FSK/ASK) format is studied by numerical simulation. The simulation demonstrates that the bit-error ratio (BER) characteristic of an ASK signal is limited by the extinction ratio, received optical power, and dispersion, simultaneously. However, an FSK signal is mainly limited by the extinction ratio (ER) and received optical power when the peak spectrum, which is used to detect the FSK signal, is relatively narrow.
The FBH family of bHLH transcription factors controls ACC synthase expression in sugarcane
Alessio, Valter Miotto,Cavaç,ana, Natale,Dantas, Luí,za Lane de Barros,Lee, Nayoung,Hotta, Carlos Takeshi,Imaizumi, Takato,Menossi, Marcelo Oxford University Press 2018 Journal of experimental botany Vol.69 No.10
<▼1><P>Identification of transcription factors that control the expression of the sugarcane <I>ACS</I> gene, which is likely involved in ethylene-controlled sucrose accumulation and the circadian regulation of ethylene biosynthesis.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Ethylene is a phytohormone involved in the regulation of several aspects of plant development and in responses to biotic and abiotic stress. The effects of exogenous application of ethylene to sugarcane plants are well characterized as growth inhibition of immature internodes and stimulation of sucrose accumulation. However, the molecular network underlying the control of ethylene biosynthesis in sugarcane remains largely unknown. The chemical reaction catalyzed by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) is an important rate-limiting step that regulates ethylene production in plants. In this work, using a yeast one-hybrid approach, we identified three basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, homologs of Arabidopsis FBH (FLOWERING BHLH), that bind to the promoter of <I>ScACS2</I> (Sugarcane <I>ACS2</I>), a sugarcane type 3 ACS isozyme gene. Protein–protein interaction assays showed that sugarcane FBH1 (ScFBH1), ScFBH2, and ScFBH3 form homo- and heterodimers in the nucleus. Gene expression analysis revealed that <I>ScFBHs</I> and <I>ScACS2</I> transcripts are more abundant in maturing internodes during afternoon and night. In addition, Arabidopsis functional analysis demonstrated that FBH controls ethylene production by regulating transcript levels of <I>ACS7</I>, a homolog of <I>ScACS2</I>. These results indicate that ScFBHs transcriptionally regulate ethylene biosynthesis in maturing internodes of sugarcane.</P></▼2>