http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Lowell L. Dilworth,Dewayne Stennett,Felix O. Omoruyi 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.7
Oxidative stress is initiated by reactive oxygen species, the primary factor in many chronic diseases. Moringa oleifera possesses strong antioxidant properties due to the presence of various phytochemicals. In this study, we investigated the effect of M. oleifera leaf extract on markers of oxidative stress in HL60 cells exposed to oxidative stress. HL60 cells were incubated with different concentrations of M. oleifera leaf extract, and cells were harvested for viability assays on days 1, 2, and 3. Antioxidant indexes (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) were measured on days 1, 2, and 3. Supplementation with the moringa leaf extract at all concentrations resulted in significant reductions in lipid peroxidation in cells that were or were not incubated in an environment with excess oxidative stress. The most significant reduction in this parameter occurred after 24 h of incubation. The results show that reductions seen in this parameter may be due to the modulation of the endogenous antioxidant defense system by extract supplementation. Cell viability was also improved in cells incubated in moringa leaf extract at concentrations of 800 and 1000 μg/mL. This finding, however, did not corroborate with lipid peroxidation results at 1000 μg/mL extract supplementation. Further investigations are needed to clarify the underlying mechanism responsible for increased cell viability at this concentration. We can, therefore, conclude that the moringa leaf extract offered added protection from oxidative stress within the first 24 h, as well as increasing cell viability at certain concentrations.
China and the Two Koreas: A Triangular Perspective
( Lowell Dittmer ) 국방대학교 안보문제연구소 2012 The Korean Journal of Security Affairs Vol.17 No.2
China`s relations with North and South Korea are a significant facet of the Korea problem.1) This article attempts to apply the logic of the “strategic triangle” to analyze these relationships. We find that although there was a relatively well-conceived attempt by South Korea to apply triangular logic to unlock the relationship, the DPRK`s sense of vulnerability and ideological rigidity has prevented it from acting in accord with triangular logic.
Debating and Reassessing history : Asian Alliances: Chinese and Japanese Experiences Compared
( Lowell Dittmer ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2014 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.38 No.1
In this article I view Asian alliances as a product of universal security needs and culturally constructed variables. While the alliance remains one of the fundamentals of contemporary international politics, I attempt to show through comparative analysis of the Sino-Soviet alliance and the Japan-US security alliance how subtle differences of national developmental experience can significantly affect political outcomes in East Asia. KEYWORDS: asymmetrical, alliance, unequal treaty, constructivism, realism, Westphalian system, bandwagoning, balancing, security.
로웰디트머 ( Lowell Dittmer ) 한국정치평론학회 2013 정치와 평론 Vol.13 No.-
In terms of the number of people involved, the size of the country, and the protracted duration, the Chinese revolution was the greatest revolution in world history. As such, it of course had a major impact on all of East Asia. But that impact varied according to time and place. For purposes of analysis, the revolution can be divided chronologically into pre-Liberation and post-Liberation stages, and geographically we can distinguish the impact on China itself from the impact on other “colonial and semi-colonial areas” in East Asia. The spread of the revolution entered a third phase after the introduction of “reform and opening” policy in late 1978, at which point the PRC leadership began to disavow further efforts to “export revolution” and at least for the time being adopted a policy of building socialism in one country. Whether and in what form the impact of the revolutionary ideal will survive under these new circumstances remains as yet unclear.