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( Liying ) 한국기초조형학회 2019 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2019 No.2

在對韓漢語敎學的角度上對副詞“眞”的小考

( Liying ) 한국중국학회 2018 중국학보 Vol.86 No.-

본 논문에서 우선 “眞”의 【진실성을 확인함】,【정도를 강조함】 두 가지 의미를 확인한 다음에 “眞”과 “정말”의 대조 분석을 하였다. “眞”과 “정말”의 의미는 거의 비슷하지만 “정말”이 문장 앞에 사용할 수 있고,그 때 【강조+진실성 확인】의 의미를 나타내며 중국어 “眞的”,“眞是” 등과 대응한다.이상을 바탕으로 “眞”과 “정말”의 의미 특징을 확인하였다. 하나, 화자의 강한 감정을 나타낸다. 둘, 화장의 강한 주관성을 나타낸다. 셋, 【정도를 강조함】의 “眞”과 “정말”은 다 피수식어의 성질, 상태를 지향하고 행동을 지향하지 않다.그 다음에 본 논문에서 “眞”과 “정말”의 차이점을 분석하였다. 즉, “眞”이 형용사와 같이 관형어나 부사어 성분을 할 수 없으며, “眞”이 접속사가 들어있는 문장과 간접인용문장에 사용할 수 없고, 【정도를 강조함】을 나타내는 “眞”이 의문문이나 추측이 나타나는 문장에 사용할 수 없다. 이의 반면에 “정말”은 모두 가능하다. 이것은 “眞”이 “정말”보다 화자의 감정을 더 강하게 나타내며 “정말”이 “眞” 보다 서술의 어조를 더 강하게 나타냄을 증명한다.마지막으로 본 논문에서 한국 학생을 대상으로 중국어 “眞”을 교육할 때의 의견을 제시하였다. 하나, 구체적인 맥락에서 “眞”을 설명하고 예문을 제시해야 한다. 둘, “眞”과 “정말”을 비교하면서 가르쳐야 한다. 셋, “眞”과 “?”을 비교하면서 가르쳐야 한다. 넷, “眞”을 사용할 수 없는 상황과 맥락을 제시해야 한다. 다섯, “眞”에 대해서 단계별로 가르쳐야 한다. This paper first investigates the meaning of “real” and confirms that “real” has two meanings: “to confirm its authenticity” and “to emphasize its high degree”. Then it contrasts the “real” and “정말”, and comes a conclusion that “real” and “정말” are semantic basic consistent. But “정말” can be placed at the beginning of the sentence, expressing the semantic as “emphasize + determine its authenticity”, while “real” cannot. At this time, “정말” corresponds to the Chinese phrase “real”, “really” and so on.On this basis, this article summarizes three semantic features of “real” and “정말”. One is carrying with strong emotional color of the speaker, the second is taking with subjectivity of the speaker, and the third is “real” that emphasis on its degree and “정말” refer to the nature of the thing they modified, rather than actions. The paper analyzes the differences between “real” and “정말”, learns that “real” can't match with adjectives in a sentence as attributive composition or adverbial component, “real” nor can be used in a compound sentence with a related word or indirect quotation sentence .The “real” that emphasis on its degree also cannot be used in questions and speculations, but “정말” is ok. This suggests that “real” expresses stronger emotional color than “정말”, while “정말” expresses stronger indicative mood than “real”.Finally, this paper gives five Suggestions on Chinese teaching for Korean. Firstly, it needs to give the “real” explanation and examples in the specific context. Secondly, it need contrastive teaching of “real” and “정말”; Thirdly, we should carry on contrastive teaching of “real” and “very”. Fourthly, it is necessary to point out the situation and context in which “real” cannot be used. Fifthly, the “real” should be taught in scattering style before summary teaching.

한국어 ‘또’와 중국어 ‘又’의 대조 연구

Liying 부산대학교 인문학연구소 2017 코기토 Vol.- No.83

본고에서는 다층적 성격을 지닌 한국어의 ‘또’와 그에 대응하는 중국어의 ‘又’를 어휘적 의미, 양태적 의미, 통사적 측면에서 대조적으로 분석하였다. 어휘적 의미에서 ‘또’의 부가의 의미에 속하는 ‘그 밖에 더’의 의미와, 양보의 의미가 ‘又’에는 없다. 반면, ‘又’의 연속의 의미와 대립의 의미는 하나의 독립적인 의미 영역으로 활발히 사용되고 있다. 양태적 의미에서 ‘또’는 ‘난+또∼’의 형식으로 화자가 상대방으로부터 수정받은 정보에 놀람과 안도의 마음을 나타낸다. 중국어의 부정문, 반어문에서 화자는 ‘又’를 사용하여 명제의 전제를 끌어내며, 그 전제와 상관없이 화자가 선택한 결과나, 혹은 화자가 취할 행위나 주장의 정확성을 강조하고 있다. 통사적 측면에서 중국어의 ‘又’는 한국어의 ‘또’에 비하여 관용적인 쓰임이 훨씬 많다. ‘又’는 앞뒤에 동일한 수량어를 자유롭게 공기하면서 그 수량이나 횟수가 많음을 나타낸다. 또한 ‘又……又……’, ‘既(是)……又(是)……’의 관용적인 쓰임으로 사물의 두 가지 속성이나 어떤 행위나 상태가 동시에 존재함을 나타낸다. In this article, the Korean character ‘또’ with multi-layer characteristics is compared with Chinese character ‘又’ in the vocabulary meaning, modal meaning, grammatical meaning. And we have learned that : In terms of vocabulary meaning, Korean‘또’ has additional and concession meaning of “not only, but also”, which ‘又’ does not have. On the contrary, the continuous meaning and antagonistic meaning of Chinese ‘又’ as an independent semantic field are actively used. In terms of modal meaning, when Korean ‘또’ is expressed in the format of ‘난+또’, it states speaker’s “surprising” or “be at ease” while information is heard from the listener. However, when Chinese ‘又’ is used in a negative sentence or rhetorical question, it states the propositional premise and emphasizes the chosen result is clear from the propositional premise or the accuracy of the behavior or opinion. In terms of grammatical meaning, Chinese ‘又’ is used more frequently than Korean ‘또’ in habitual sentences. Same quantifiers can be connected before and after ‘又’, that states the quantity and number of times. Common usages, ‘又……又……’, ‘既(是)……又(是)……’ can state two attributes in one matter or two behaviors exist at the same time.

A Rapid and Simple Method for DNA Preparation of Magnaporthe oryzae from Single Rice Blast Lesions for PCR-Based Molecular Analysis

Liying Dong(Liying Dong),Shufang Liu(Shufang Liu),Jing Li(Jing Li),Didier Tharreau(Didier Tharreau ),Pei Liu(Pei Liu),Dayun Tao(Dayun Tao),Qinzhong Yang(Qinzhong Yang) 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.6

Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide, and the causative agent is the filamentous ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae. With the successful cloning of more and more avirulence genes from M. oryzae, the direct extraction of M. oryzae genomic DNA from infected rice tissue would be useful alternative for rapid monitoring of changes of avirulence genes without isolation and cultivation of the pathogen. In this study, a fast, low-cost and reliable method for DNA preparation of M. oryzae from a small piece of infected single rice leaf or neck lesion was established. This single step method only required 10 min for DNA preparation and conventional chemical reagents commonly found in the laboratory. The AvrPik and AvrPi9 genes were successfully amplified with the prepared DNA. The expected DNA fragments from 570 bp to 1,139 bp could be amplified even three months after DNA preparation. This method was also suitable for DNA preparation from M. oryzae strains stored on the filter paper. All together these results indicate that the DNA preparation method established in this study is reliable, and could meet the basic needs for polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of M. oryzae.

A Rapid and Simple Method for DNA Preparation of Magnaporthe oryzae from Single Rice Blast Lesions for PCR-Based Molecular Analysis

Liying Dong(Liying Dong),Shufang Liu(Shufang Liu),Jing Li(Jing Li),Didier Tharreau(Didier Tharreau ),Pei Liu(Pei Liu),Dayun Tao(Dayun Tao),Qinzhong Yang(Qinzhong Yang) 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.2

Corrosion trend on Q450 weathering steel deposited with Na2SO4, NaCl under ultraviolet light illumination

Liying Song,Hao Shi,Peng Han,Xiaohong Ji,Fubin Ma 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.102 No.-

A contrastive study about ultraviolet light (UV) illumination on Na2SO4, NaCl induced Q450 weatheringsteel was qualitatively and quantitatively studied. The corrosion rate was calculated from mass losses andthe order was as following, coupons deposited with Na2SO4 under UV illumination(238.18 lA cm 2) > with NaCl under UV illumination (213.77 lA cm 2) > with NaCl under Dark condition(71.98 lA cm 2) > with Na2SO4 under Dark condition (43.26 lA cm 2). The influence of UV illuminationon metal corrosion followed this sequence: Na2SO4 > NaCl, and which was on account of corrosion productsfilm on metal depositing Na2SO4 with a larger carrier density on metal depositing Na2SO4 with a largercarrier density (9.32 1020 cm 3) and stronger electric conductivity ability than NaCl (8.93 1020cm 3). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies revealed charge transfer resistance Rct value,suggesting that smaller resistances gained on the rusted samples due to UV illumination, and an acceleratedcorrosion effect on rusted sample was also obtained under UV illumination. The improved corrosionperformance by UV illumination was due to corrosion products of semiconductor property andphotovoltaic effect.

Simulation on the Process of Contact Erosion between Cohesionless Soils

Liying Chang,Qun Chen 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.8

To explore the mechanism of contact erosion, cohesionless soil layers subjected to a flow parallel to the interface were simulated using particle flow code (PFC). The calculation model with different particle size ratio D15/d85 from 1.84 to 6.88 between two soil layers was designed based on the experiment. The movement process of the particles during contact erosion was explored. The results show that, when one particle was eroded, it first moved up into bigger pores and then was carried out along the flow direction. A grain size transition zone gradually formed between two layers, where particles of two soil layers mixed. For numerical samples with particle size ratio D15/d85 larger than 4.0, the eroded particles could all be carried out by the flow, so the particle size ratio D15/d85 at the transition zone remained larger than 4.0 according to Terzaghi's particle retention criterion; thus, the erosion continued resulting in the increase in the flow velocity and the erosion rate.

Comparison of Lipoxygenase Activity Characteristics in Aqueous Extracts from Milk-stage Sweet Corn and Waxy Corn

Liying Niu,Dajing Li,Chunquan Liu,Fuguo Liu 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.3

Lipoxygenases (LOX) in milk-stage sweet corn and waxy corn were extracted using a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and enzyme activities were determined using linoleic acid as a substrate. Michaelis constant (Km) values, decimal reduction times (D value), temperature sensitivity parameters (Z value), and activation energies (Ea) were calculated. Enzymes from both corn types followed first-order inactivation kinetics within 0-25 min and 50- 70℃. However, enzymes exhibited different pH profiles and affinities toward linoleic acid. Km values (4.34 and 1.40 mM for sweet corn and waxy corn, respectively), heat stability values, and Ea values (116.81 and 246.82 kJ/mol) were different. Waxy corn LOX was more heat stable below 65℃ with a higher D value, but was more temperature sensitive with a lower Z value. The different characteristics suggested the presence of different isoenzymes and necessitated the use of different parameters for blanching.

Structural, Mechanical and Functional Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites Containing Carbonaceous Nanofillers

Liying ZHANG,Sunanda ROY,Xiao "Matthew" HU 한국고분자학회 2016 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.41 No.2

Fabrication of hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane foam sponge modified with hydrophobic Al2O3 for oil/water separation

Liying Kong,Yang Li,Fengxian Qiu,Tao Zhang,Qing Guo,Xiaoying Zhang,Dongya Yang,Jicheng Xu,Mengwei Xue 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.58 No.-

In current work, hydrophobic and oleophilic polyurethane (Al2O3/PUF) foam sponge was prepared by foaming technology. The material was characterized by XRD, TEM, BET, SEM and water contact angles (CA). The Al2O3/PUF was applied to removal of oil or organic solvent from oil/water system. Water contact angle of Al2O3/PUF could exceed 140°. The absorption capacity of Al2O3/PUF could be obtained 37 g/g and found to be reusable up to 10 cycles while maintaining its high absorption capacity. The result indicated that prepared foam sponge has good potential application in oil–water separation.