Ultrastructural observations on spermiogenesis in the peanut worm, Phascolosoma esculenta (Sipuncula: Phascolosomatidea)

Lingli Long,Zhang Sheng,Junquan Zhu 한국통합생물학회 2015 Animal cells and systems Vol.19 No.3

Ultrastructural characteristics of spermiogenesis in the peanut worm, Phascolosoma esculenta (Phascolosomatidea), were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The spermiogenesis principally occurs in the coelom and can be divided into three stages (the early, middle and late stages) based on the chromatin morphology, acrosome development, spermatozoon midpiece and flagellum formation. Spermatids within a given spermatid mass develop synchronously. With the spermiogenesis proceeding, the spermatid masses become loosely structured, and later, adjacent spermatids are interconnected at one extremity of the cells. Gradually, condensation of the chromatin accelerates and is almost completed in late spermiogenesis, leaving the late spermatids with highly condensed homogeneous chromatin. In the spermatid head, the conical acrosome is generally composed of an acrosomal vesicle which is formed by the coalescence of small proacrosomal vesicles within the cytoplasm, a subacrosomal space that situates between the acrosomal vesicle and nucleus, and an acrosomal rod which develops from a bunch of filamentous material within the subacrosomal space. Certain mitochondria move posteriorly towards the nucleus, thus constituting the spermatozoon midpiece. The flagellum, originated from the distal centriole, appears in the early spermiogenesis. Ultimately, mature spermatidium dissociates into numerous spermatozoa, which are subsequently released as a single cell from the coelom into the nephridia. The spermatozoon has a prominent head, containing an acrosome and nucleus, a short midpiece and a slender tail. When compared with other sipunculans or invertebrates with external fertilization, the spermiogenesis of P. esculenta, presumably, is closely associated with its biological adaptations for the reproductive strategy.

Potassium Humate-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Activated Carbons with Narrow Micropore Size Distribution for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Lingli Xie,Litao Kang,Yae Li,Mangwei Cui,Bo Chang,Haiwei Jiang,Lili Gao,Xiaomin Wang,Shan Yun 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2017 NANO Vol.12 No.4

Micro-porous activated carbons (ACs) with a narrow pore size distribution of 0.4–0.6 nm and high specific surface areas (1160–1315 m2 · g-1) are prepared from environment-friendly, lowgrade potassium humate (HA-K, carbon resource) and mild activating agent potassium acetate (CH3COOK). Microstructure characterizations indicate that the introduction of activating agent CH3COOK is a key step to achieve high specific surface area and carbonization degree. These ACs contain small amount of oxygen and nitrogen, and show obvious pseudo-capacitance besides double layer capacitance. As a result, the optimized ACs achieve high specific capacitances of 311 F · g-1 and 317 F · g-1 at 0.1 A · g-1 in 2 M KOH and 1 M H2SO4 aqueous electrolytes, respectively. This sample also shows a good charge-discharge cycling stability within 10 000 cycles.

Curcumin Ameliorates Reserpine-Induced Gastrointestinal Mucosal Lesions Through Inhibiting IκB-α/NF-κB Pathway and Regulating Expression of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Gastrin in Rats

Lingli Long,Jingnan Wang,Ningning Chen,Shuhui Zheng,Lanying Shi,Yuxia Xu,Canqiao Luo,Yubin Deng 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.6

The objective of our study was to investigate whether curcumin protects against reserpine-induced gastrointestinal mucosal lesions (GMLs) in rats and to explore the mechanism of curcumin’s action. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, reserpine-treated group, reserpine treatment group with curcumin at high dose (200 mg/kg), and reserpine treatment group with curcumin at low dose (100 mg/kg). Rats in reserpine-treated group were induced by intraperitoneally administered reserpine (0.5 mg/kg) for 28 days. TUNEL staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the apoptotic cells and morphologic changes. In addition, to explore the mechanism of curcumin in protecting GMLs, we used serum of experimental rats to assess the level of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ by ELISA and radioimmunoassay. The protein levels of NF-κB, p-IκB-α, IκB-α, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3 were examined by western blot analysis. Data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software package. Curcumin treatment prevented tissue damage and cell death in the reserpinetreated rats and effectively decreased inflammatory response and balanced the expression of VIP and gastrin in the reserpinetreated rats. NF-κB, p-IκB-α, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3 were increased in the reserpine group, but the curcumin high-dose group inhibited them. Curcumin can target the IκB-α/NF-κB pathway to inhibit inflammatory response and regulate the level of VIP and gastrin in reserpine-induced GML rats.

Conjugated Polymer-Controlled Selective Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Fabrication of Network Transistors

LingLi Zhang,Han Wang,Moyun Chen,Ji Ma,Weizhi Wang 한국고분자학회 2013 Macromolecular Research Vol.21 No.10

A family of polymers based on fluorene including homopolymers, alternating copolymers and two fourarmed polymers are synthesized by polycondensation. Their ability to selectively wrap specific (n, m) species using HiPco single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as a raw material is investigated. Fluorescence, absorption and Raman spectroscopies are used to analyze SWNT species after addition to polymer suspensions. The results show separation of (n, m) SWNTs can be realized using an optimized polymer structure. The optimized polymer contains fluorene in the main chain to preferentially separate semiconducting nanotube species and hydrofluoric acid (HF)-degradable disilane groups so that it can be removed from the SWNTs after separation. We used the enriched SWNTs to prepare a solution-processed field-effect transistor with a random nanotube network in the active channel to demonstrate the selectivity of the polymer for (n, m) SWNTs. The device exhibits stable p-type semiconductor behavior in air with an on/off current ratio of 121 and hole mobility of 3.2 cm2V-1s-1.

Production of bioactive ginsenoside Rg3(S) and compound K using recombinant Lactococcus lactis

Lingli Jiang,Soo Jin Lee,Qiu Ping Yuan,임완택,김선창,NAM SOO HAN 고려인삼학회 2018 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.42 No.4

Background: Ginsenoside Rg3(S) and compound K (C-K) are pharmacologically active components of ginseng that promote human health and improve quality of life. The aim of this study was to produce Rg3(S) and C-K from ginseng extract using recombinant Lactococcus lactis. Methods: L. lactis subsp. cremoris NZ9000 (L. lactis NZ9000), which harbors b-glucosidase genes (BglPm and BglBX10) from Paenibacillus mucilaginosus and Flavobacterium johnsoniae, respectively, was reacted with ginseng extract (protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside mixture). Results: Crude enzyme activity of BglBX10 values comprised 0.001 unit/mL and 0.003 unit/mL in uninduced and induced preparations, respectively. When whole cells of L. lactis harboring pNZBglBX10 were treated with ginseng extract, after permeabilization of cells by xylene, Rb1 and Rd were converted into Rg3(S) with a conversion yield of 61%. C-K was also produced by sequential reactions of the permeabilized cells harboring each pNZBgl and pNZBglBX10, resulting in a 70% maximum conversion yield. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the lactic acid bacteria having specific b-glucosidase activity can be used to enhance the health benefits of Panax ginseng in either fermented foods or bioconversion processes.

Early fault detection method for rolling bearing based on multiscale morphological filtering of information-entropy threshold

Lingli Cui,Jialong Wang,Jianfeng Ma 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.4

The scale of structure element is especially important to obtain good filtering results in multiscale morphological filtering (MMF) method. In general, the optimal scale of structure element is set to be a fixed value in traditional morphological filter, therefore it is difficult to extract the fault feature from rolling bearing vibration signal effectively. A novel multiscale morphological filtering algorithm is proposed based on information-entropy threshold (IET-MMF) for early fault detection of rolling bearing. Compared with traditional MMF method, several optimal scales of structure elements are achieved according to the energy distribution characteristic of different vibration signals. The information entropy theory is applied to quantify the analyzed signals, and the optimal threshold of information entropy is obtained by iterative algorithm to ensure integrity of useful information. The simulation and rolling bearing experimental analysis results show that the IET-MMF method can extract fault features of vibration signals effectively.

SORTING SEMICONDUCTING SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES AND USING THEM AS RANDOM NETWORK OF FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS

LingLi Zhang,Weizhi Wang,XIAOYONG PAN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.4

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with incovalently attached iodine, were obtained byphysical absorption. The di®erent diameter sizes of SWCNTs, with di®erent numbers of iodinemolecule, enhance the density contrast between them which becomes evident in density gradientultracentrifugation (DGU) targeted to sort certain species of SWCNTs. The results of opticalabsorbance and photoluminescence emission showed that iodine-assisted DGU preferentiallyseparates semiconducting nanotubes with certain diameters [(6, 5), (7, 5), (8, 4), and (7, 6)].Wehave applied these semiconducting, species enriched SWCNTs to prepare solution-processed ¯elde®ect transistor (FET) devices with random nanotube network active channels. The devicesexhibit stable p-type semiconductor behavior in air with very promising characteristics. The on-o® current ratio reaches up to 2 ? 10 4 within a narrow window of voltage ( ? 10 V to 10 V), andestimated hole mobility of 21.7 cm2V? 1 s? 1 .

Iso-propanol assisted preparation of individualized functional palygorskite fibers and its impact on improving dispersion abilities in polymer nanocomposites

Lingli Ni,Pengyin Zhang,Jing Chen,Jinglong Jiang,Shijie Ding 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.6

Palygorskite (PAL) as a natural one-dimensional nanomaterial has attracted tremendous attention as reinforcement agent in polymer nanocomposites. But its intrinsic existing form of aggregates or bundles and hydrophilic properties, highly requires an eco-efficient and environmentally benign approach for both of the disaggregation and organo-modification of PAL. We report a facile and effective process to achieve individualized organo-modified PAL fibers. It was carried out through surface modification reactions in the form of PAL iso-propanol gels with various alkyl and functional silanes. In contrast to the modifications in highly toxic solvent of toluene, reactions in iso-propanol make it possible to modify the surface of individual PAL fibers to obtain isolated organo-modified PAL fibers. With such a relatively green procedure, even higher amount of organic substituent has been grafted on to the surface of PAL fibers. Consequently, excellent dispersion of modified PAL nanofibers in acrylate polymer coatings was achieved, which exhibits outstanding corrosion protection properties.

Effects of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin on biomass pyrolysis kinetics

Lingli Zhu,Zhaoping Zhong 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.10

In order to investigate interactions among biomass components on pyrolysis kinetics, pyrolysis experiments of individual components, synthetic biomass (designed by Design-Export software) and natural biomass (rice husk and corn straw) were conducted on a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results revealed that the pyrolysis behavior of cellulose is sharp, which is with low pyrolysis reaction order (1.38), high activation energy (168.61 kJ/mol) and high pre-exponential factor (3.50E+12 /s). The pyrolysis behavior of hemicellulose and lignin is slower but more complicated, both with high pyrolysis reaction order (2.30, 1.51), low activation energy (126.31, 87.21 kJ/mol), and low pre-exponential factor (9.67E+09, 2.59E+05 /s). Comparison of the experimental and calculated kinetics of synthetic samples confirmed that interactive effects on pyrolysis kinetics exist in the co-pyrolysis process. In particular, the presence of lignin inhibited the pyrolysis reaction rate of synthetic biomass, and cellulose played the dominant role in the activation energy and frequency factor. The pyrolysis reaction order was strongly influenced by hemicellulose owing to its abundant and complex branched chains. The predicted model was also established for calculating kinetic parameters of natural biomass with known proportions of three components. The predicted results were consistent with the experimental ones, validating the effectiveness of the prediction model.

Printing performance of 3D printing cement-based materials containing steel slag

Zhu, Lingli,Yang, Zhang,Zhao, Yu,Wu, Xikai,Guan, Xuemao Techno-Press 2022 Advances in concrete construction Vol.13 No.4

3D printing cement-based materials (3DPCBM) is an innovative rapid prototyping technology for construction materials. This study is tested on the rheological behavior, printability and buildability of steel slag (SS) content based on the extrusion system of 3D printing. 0, 8 wt%, 16 wt%, 24 wt%, 32 wt% and 40 wt% SS was replaced cement, The test results revealed that the addition of SS would increase the fluidity of the printed paste, prolong the open time and setting time, reduce the plastic viscosity, dynamic yield stress and thixotropy, and is beneficial to improve the pumping and extrudability of 3DPCBM. With the increase of SS content, the static yield stress developed slowly with time which indicated that SS is harmful to the buildability of printing paste. The content of SS in 3DPCBM can reach up to 40% at most under the condition of satisfying rheological property and buildability, it provides a reference for the subsequent introduction of SS and other industrial solid waste into 3DPCBM by explored the influence law of SS on the rheological properties of 3DPCBM.