Significance and Application of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for the BI-RADS Classification of Breast Cancer

Cai, Si-Qing,Yan, Jian-Xiang,Chen, Qing-Shi,Huang, Mei-Ling,Cai, Dong-Lu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9

Background: Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) with dense breasts has a high rate of missed diagnosis, and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) could reduce organization overlapping and provide more reliable images for BI-RADS classification. This study aims to explore application of COMBO (FFDM+DBT) for effect and significance of BI-RADS classification of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, we selected 832 patients who had been treated from May 2013 to November 2013. Classify FFDM and COMBO examination according to BI-RADS separately and compare the differences for glands in the image of the same patient in judgment, mass characteristics display and indirect signs. Employ Paired Wilcoxon rank sum test was used in 79 breast cancer patients to find differences between two examine methods. Results: The results indicated that COMBO pattern is able to observe more details in distribution of glands when estimating content. Paired Wilcoxon rank sum test showed that overall classification level of COMBO is higher significantly compared to FFDM to BI-RADS diagnosis and classification of breast (P<0.05). The area under FFDM ROC curve is 0.805, while that is 0.941 in COMBO pattern. COMBO shows relation of mass with the surrounding tissues, the calcification in the mass, and multiple foci clearly in breast cancer tissues. The optimal sensitivity of cut-off value in COMBO pattern is 82.9%, which is higher than that in FFDM (60%). They share the same specificity which is both 93.2%. Conclusions: Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) could be used for the BI-RADS classification in breast cancer in clinical.

Inflammatory Endotypes and Tissue Remodeling Features in Antrochoanal Polyps

Chen Cai-Ling,Wang Yu-Ting,Yao Yin,Pan Li,Guo Bei,Zhu Ke-Zhang,Ma Jin,Wang Nan,Li Xue-Li,Deng Yi-Ke,Liu Zheng 대한천식알레르기학회 2021 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.13 No.6

Purpose: The pathogenic mechanisms of antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) remain largely unknown. This study aimed to characterize inflammatory patterns and tissue remodeling features in ACPs. Methods: Inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue edema severity as well as fibrin deposition in ACPs and bilateral eosinophilic and noneosinophilic nasal polyps (NPs) were studied with immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Cytokine levels in sinonasal tissues were detected with the Bio-Plex assay. The expression of coagulation and fibrinolytic markers was measured using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: Compared to control tissues and bilateral eosinophilic and noneosinophilic NPs, ACPs had higher levels of neutrophil infiltration and expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin (IL)-8 and interferon (IFN)-γ. In total, 94.4% of ACPs demonstrated an eosinophil cationic protein/MPO ratio of < 1, compared to 79.0% of noneosinophilic and 26% of eosinophilic NPs. Principle component and multiple correspondence analyses revealed a neutrophilic and type 1 inflammation pattern in ACPs. Compared to control tissues, edema scores and fibrin deposition were increased, whereas d-dimer and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) levels were decreased in ACPs and bilateral NPs, with more prominent changes in ACPs even than in eosinophilic NPs. The tPA levels were negatively correlated with IFN-γ, IL-8, and MPO levels in ACPs. Neutrophils were the major cellular source of IFN-γ in ACPs, and the number of IFN-γ+ neutrophils was elevated in ACPs than in control tissues and bilateral eosinophilic and noneosinophilic NPs. Conclusions: ACPs are characterized by the neutrophilic and type 1 inflammation endotype. Neutrophil-derived IFN-γ is associated with reduced tPA production in ACPs.

Early gut microbiota in very low and extremely low birth weight preterm infants with feeding intolerance: a prospective case-control study

Liu Ling,Ao Dang,Cai Xiangsheng,Huang Peiyi,Cai Nali,Lin Shaozhu,Wu Benqing 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.10

The potential role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of feeding intolerance (FI) remains unclear. Understanding the role of the gut microbiota could provide a new avenue for microbiota-targeted therapeutics. This study aimed to explore the associations between aberrant gut microbiota and FI in very low or extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) preterm infants. In this observational case-control study, VLBW/ ELBW infants were divided into two groups: FI group and feeding tolerance (FT) group. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to analyze the gut microbial diversity and composition of the infants. The differences in the gut microbiota of the two groups were compared. In total, 165 stool samples were obtained from 44 infants, among which, 31 developed FI and 13 served as controls. Alpha diversity was the highest in the meconium samples of the two groups. LEfSe analysis revealed that the abundances of Peptostreptococcaceae, Clostridiales and Clostridia in the FT group were significantly higher than in the FI group. At the phylum level, the FI group was dominated by Proteobacteria, and the FT group was dominated by Firmicutes. The meconium samples of the FI group had higher proportions of γ-proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and a lower proportion of Bacteroides compared with the FT group. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that aberrant gut bacteria in the FI group were strongly associated with dysregulation of C5-Brancheddibasic- acid-metabolism, protein kinases, and sporulation. These findings reveal candidate microbial markers to prevent FI. Increased relative abundances of γ-proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella and decreased abundance of Bacteroides in meconium were associated with an increased risk of FI, while Peptostreptococcaceae, Clostridiales and Clostridia reduced the risk of FI in VLBW/ELBW infants.

내장형 다중대역 폴디드 PIFA의 설계 및 구현

차이링즈(Cai Ling Zhi),김우찬(Woo Chan Kim),이성하(Seong Ha Lee),양철용(Cheol Yong Yang),양운근(Woon Geun Yang) 한국통신학회 2011 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.6

Feature-preserving, Adaptive and Anisotropic Smoothing Algorithm for Triangular Mesh Models

Liu Xu-min,Yang Li-xin,Li Cai-ling 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.11

Despite the great success in smoothing of triangular mesh, the classical methods mostly require human interactions. In order to reduce the parameter settings, an adaptive and anisotropic smoothing algorithm for removing noise and preserving features of triangular mesh model was proposed. First calculate the expected normal vector of the model triangles, the expected normal vector should be an accurate representation of the desired movement direction and be similar to the original surface normal vector, and then we compute the value of the offset value. We develop an adaptive coefficient scheme which can avoid the parameter settings to obtain the coefficient value for each vertex. Finally, we updated every vertex’s position of the model by formula. Experimental results show that the algorithm can be adaptive to preserve sharp features and avoid shrinkages by comparing with classical methods.

PDAODMRP: An Extended PoolODMRP Based on Passive Data Acknowledgement

Cai, Shaobin,Yang, Xiaozong,Wang, Ling The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2004 Journal of communications and networks Vol.6 No.4

An ad hoc network is a multi-hop wireless network. Its limited bandwidth and frequently changing topology require that its protocol should be robust, simple, and energy conserving. We have proposed PoolODMRP to reduce its control overhead greatly by its one-hop local route maintenance. However, PoolODMRP still has some shortcomings. In this paper, we propose PDAODMRP (passive data acknowledgement ODMRP) to extend PoolODMRP. Compared with PoolODMRP, PDAODMRP has the following contributions: (1) It knows the status of its downstream forwarding nodes by route information collected from data packets instead of BEACON signal of MAC layer; (2) it max simplifies the route information collected from data packets by pool nodes; (3) it adopts a dynamic local route maintenance to enforce its local route maintenance; (4) it adopts the route evaluation policy of NSMP (neighbor supporting multicast protocol). Compared with PoolODMRP, PDAODMRP has lower control overhead, lower data delivery delay, and lower data overhead.

A modified elastic contact stiffness model considering the deformation of bulk substrate

Ling Li,Jingjing Wang,Xiyong Pei,Wei Chu,Anjiang Cai 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.2

Establishing an accurate and effective stiffness model of the elastic contact surface is the basis for further modeling and analysis of machine tool dynamics. In this paper, a new elastic contact stiffness model is proposed that considers the bulk substrate deformation and modifies the Greenwood and Williamson microcontact model (GW model) of rough surfaces. Based on the Hertz contact theory and fixed-point iteration method, a single asperity contact model is created to analyze the effects of bulk substrate deformation and coating materials. To make the contact stiffness model more accurate and effective, two aspects are improved: One is to introduce the triangular distribution function to make the asperity heights distribution more consistent with the actual machined surface, and the other is to correct the defects in the micro-contact process. Comparing the finite element simulation results with the modal test data, the correctness of the proposed contact stiffness model is verified. The simulation results reveal the influence of distribution function, surface roughness and coating material on the contact characteristics of the joint surface.

Numerical Analyses of Local Damage of Concrete Slabs by Normal Impact of Deformable Solid Projectiles

Ling-Yu Xu,Fei Cai,Ying-Ying Xue,Chiaki Takahashi,Yong-Yi Li 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.12

Deformable solid projectiles undergo projectile mushrooming during impact and thus are different from rigid and soft hollow projectiles; however, limited work has been conducted on the impact of deformable solid projectiles on concrete targets. In this study, an explicit dynamic finite element procedure is employed to study nine existing experimental tests on the normal impact of a deformable solid (lead) projectile into a plain concrete (PC) slab. To correctly model the impact, both non-linear material response and progressive finite element erosion have been taken into account for the deformable solid projectile and the PC slab. The numerical results are compared with experimental results in terms of different modes of local damage to the PC slab and the maximum penetration depth of the PC slab. The mechanism of the front cratering, the scabbing, and the perforation of concrete target under the impact of deformable solid projectile and the effect of projectile rigidity on the local damage to the PC slab are investigated. A dose-response relation is used to describe the variation of the maximum penetration depth with the impact velocity. Some model parameters that most affect the simulation results are also highlighted.

Solution of ill-posed problems for identification of the dynamic parameters of bolted joints

Ling Li,Anjiang Cai,Tieneng Guo,Xiaoguang Ruan 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.9

The measured frequency response functions (FRFs) are directly used to identify the bolted joint properties. However, the noise effectand the matrix inverse operations create ill-posed problems, and a small noise level may cause the identified result to be faulty. A sensitivitymethod is developed to avoid the ill-posed problems for identification of the dynamic parameters of bolted joints in this paper. Tocalculate the sensitivity of stiffness and damping for bolted joints, the sensitive values are used to determine the frequency ranges beforethe identification. Then, the equivalent stiffness and damping of bolted joints are identified by FRFs method in this range. All results ofsimulation and experiment show that the proposed method can improve significantly the identification accuracy. Additionally, the sensitivitymethod can be used to avoid an ill-posed problem by eliminating ill-posed FRFs in some frequency range before identification.

Design and Implementation of Internal Multi-Band Monopole Antenna for Mobile Phones

양운근,Ling Zhi Cai,양철용 한국전기전자학회 2011 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.15 No.4

In this paper, we proposed an internal multi-band monopole antenna for mobile phone that can be used for smart phones. The proposed antenna has a small volume of 38×8.5×5 mm3, ground size is 100×60 mm2, and covers the GSM900 (Global System for Mobile communications : 880-960 MHz), DCS (Digital Communications System : 1710-1880 MHz), K-PCS (Korea-Personal Communications Service : 1750-1870 MHz), US-PCS (US Personal Communications Service : 1850-1990 MHz), Bluetooth (2400-2483 MHz), Wibro (2300-2390 MHz) and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network : 2400-2483.5 MHz) bands. The measured peak gains of the implemented antenna are 1.15 dBi at 920 MHz, 3.58 dBi at 1795 MHz, 3.46 dBi at 1810 MHz, 2.91 dBi at 1920 MHz, 5.18 dBi at 2345 MHz, 3.37 dBi at 2442 MHz.