Annexin A2 gene interacting with viral matrix protein to promote bovine ephemeral fever virus release

Lihui Chen,Xingyu Li,Hongmei Wang,Peili Hou,Hongbin He 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2

Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) causes bovine ephemeral fever, which can produce considerable economic damage to the cattle industry. However, there is limited experimental evidence regarding the underlying mechanisms of BEFV. Annexin A2 (AnxA2) is a calcium and lipid-conjugated protein that binds phospholipids and the cytoskeleton in a Ca2+-dependent manner, and it participates in various cellular functions, including vesicular trafficking, organization of membrane domains, and virus proliferation. The role of the AnxA2 gene during virus infection has not yet been reported. In this study, we observed that AnxA2 gene expression was up-regulated in BHK-21 cells infected with the virus. Additionally, overexpression of the AnxA2 gene promoted the release of mature virus particles, whereas BEFV replication was remarkably inhibited after reducing AnxA2 gene expression by using the small interfering RNA (siRNA). For viral proteins, overexpression of the Matrix (M) gene promotes the release of mature virus particles. Moreover, the AnxA2 protein interaction with the M protein of BEFV was confirmed by GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Experimental results indicate that the C-terminal domain (268–334 aa) of AxnA2 contributes to this interaction. An additional mechanistic study showed that AnxA2 protein interacts with M protein and mediates the localization of the M protein at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the absence of the AnxA2-V domain could attenuate the effect of AnxA2 on BEFV replication. These findings can contribute to elucidating the regulation of BEFV replication and may have implications for antiviral strategy development.

Enhancing the Session Security of Zen Cart based on HMAC-SHA256

( Lihui Lin ),( Kaizhi Chen ),( Shangping Zhong ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.1

Zen Cart is an open-source online store management system. It is used all over the world because of its stability and safety. Today, Zen Cart`s session security mechanism is mainly used to verify user agents and check IP addresses. However, the security in verifying the user agent is lower and checking the IP address can affect the user`s experience. This paper, which is based on the idea of session protection as proposed by Ben Adida, takes advantage of the HTML5`s sessionStorage property to store the shared keys that are used in HMAC-SHA256 encryption. Moreover, the request path, current timestamp, and parameter are encrypted by using HMAC-SHA256 in the client. The client then submits the result to the web server as per request. Finally, the web server recalculates the HMAC-SHA256 value to validate the request by comparing it with the submitted value. In this way, the Zen Cart`s open-source system is reinforced. Owing to the security and integrity of the HMAC-SHA256 algorithm, it can effectively protect the session security. Analysis and experimental results show that this mechanism can effectively protect the session security of Zen Cart without affecting the original performance.

Microstructure and Performance Study of Al/Cu Laser Welding with Ag Interlayer

Tao Chen,Fei Liu,Lihui Pang,Hao Hu,Ping Gao 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.25 No.1

In the past research, there was a gap in the field of Al/Cu dissimilar metal welding with Ag intermediate layer, and attention to the joint resistivity is insufficient. This paper has used laser welding to study this problem. The mechanical and electrical properties of the joints were tested, and the microstructure and fracture surface of the weld were observed, along with the analysis of their phase composition and formation mechanism. The results show that the Ag–Al–Cu ternary system forms on the weld, and Ag inhibits the formation of IMC in the Al/Cu system, with the main IMCs being Al2Cu and Ag3Al. Part of the Ag-rich and Al-rich phases are dispersed in small particle shape, providing a strengthening effect in various areas. After adjusting the welding parameters, excellent joints can be obtained, with a tensile strength of 98.05 MPa, which is 78.5% of the base metal, and a resistivity of 2.47 μΩ cm. The fracture occurs in the softened zone of the Al-side base metal, indicating a ductile fracture. These findings have demonstrated that good mechanical and electrical properties can be obtained by adding Ag as an intermediate layer of the joint.

Investigation of the Deformation and Failure Characteristics of High-Strength Concrete in Dynamic Splitting Tests

Xudong Chen,Jin Wu,Kai Shang,Yingjie Ning,Lihui Bai 한국콘크리트학회 2022 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.16 No.6

The dynamic response properties of concrete have been of interest during the use of buildings due to seismic, impact, and explosion events. The splitting Hopkinson lever is a classical device for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of materials. In this paper, dynamic splitting tests on concrete were conducted using it, and a time series predictive computational model for the incident, reflected and transmitted pulses of high-strength concrete specimens at high strain rates was developed, and the extension mechanism of splitting tensile cracks in high-strength concrete was detected and analyzed based on the DIC technique. The results show that: the peak strength of C60 specimens and C80 specimens increased by about 60% and 90%, respectively, from 0.05 MPa to 0.09 MPa in impact strength; the triangular damaged area at the end of the contact surface of the specimen and the rod subjected to high impact pressure increased significantly, the dynamic energy dissipation increased, and the damage degree of the specimens increased; under the action of high strain rate, the brittleness of the concrete specimens with higher strength increased, the damage rate The higher strength concrete specimens have increased brittleness, faster damage rate and higher crack extension under high strain rate. The results of the paper can provide important references for the design of buildings under impact loading.

Prognostic Threshold of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Gastric Carcinoma: a Clinicopathological Study of 945 Cases

Zou, Yi,Chen, Linying,Wang, Xingfu,Chen, Yupeng,Hu, Liwen,Zeng, Saifan,Wang, Pengcheng,Li, Guoping,Huang, Ming,Wang, Liting,He, Shi,Li, Sanyan,Jian, Lihui,Zhang, Sheng The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2019 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.19 No.1

Purpose: The significance of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in gastric carcinoma (GC) is controversial, leading to ambiguous concepts in traditional classifications. This study aimed to determine the prognostic threshold of meaningful NED in GC and clarify its unclear features in existing classifications. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and neural cell adhesion molecule was performed for 945 GC specimens. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank test and univariate/multivariate models with percentages of NED ($P_{NED}$) and demographic and clinicopathological parameters. Results: In total, 275 (29.1%) cases were immunoreactive to at least 1 neuroendocrine (NE) marker. GC-NED was more common in the upper third of the stomach. $P_{NED}$, and Borrmann's classification and tumor, lymph node, metastasis stages were independent prognostic factors. The cutoff $P_{NED}$ was 10%, beyond which patients had significantly worse outcomes, although the risk did not increase with higher $P_{NED}$. Tumors with ${\geq}10%$ NED tended to manifest as Borrmann type III lesion with mixed/diffuse morphology and poorer histological differentiation; the NE components in this population mainly grew in insulae/nests, which differed from the predominant growth pattern (glandular/acinar) in GC with <10% NED. Conclusions: GC with ${\geq}10%$ NED should be classified as a distinct subtype because of its worse prognosis, and more attention should be paid to the necessity of additional therapeutics for NE components.

Study on Electro-Spark Deposition Welding of Ultra-thin Sheet of Ti-6.5Al-1Mo-1 V-2Zr Alloy

Fei Liu,Tao Chen,Lihui Pang,Kuijing Song,Yucheng Wu 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.10

In this work, butt welding experiment of Ti-6.5Al-1Mo-1 V-2Zr alloy sheet of 0.5 mm thickness was performed via electro-spark deposition method. The results of the experiment indicate that the reactive titanium alloy’s surface is free from oxidation without trailing shielding protection due to low heat input and rapid thermal cycles associated with the process. The fusion zone is mainly composed of equiaxed microstructure of martensite α′ and α dual phases, wherein the amount of α′ in the central joint is higher than that adjacent to the base metal. The maximum tensile strength of the welded joint can reach 1187 MPa, which is 95% of the base metal. Besides, the joint shows obvious plastic deformation before fracture. The findings have demonstrated the possibility of widely applying the welding methodology to thin sheets of titanium alloys.

Prognostic Threshold of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Gastric Carcinoma: a Clinicopathological Study of 945 Cases

Yi Zou,Linying Chen,Xingfu Wang,Yupeng Chen,Liwen Hu,Saifan Zeng,Pengcheng Wang,Guoping Li,Ming Huang,Liting Wang,Shi He,Sanyan Li,Lihui Jian,Sheng Zhang 대한위암학회 2019 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.19 No.1

Purpose: The significance of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in gastric carcinoma (GC) is controversial, leading to ambiguous concepts in traditional classifications. This study aimed to determine the prognostic threshold of meaningful NED in GC and clarify its unclear features in existing classifications. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and neural cell adhesion molecule was performed for 945 GC specimens. Survival analysis was performed using the log-rank test and univariate/multivariate models with percentages of NED (PNED) and demographic and clinicopathological parameters. Results: In total, 275 (29.1%) cases were immunoreactive to at least 1 neuroendocrine (NE) marker. GC-NED was more common in the upper third of the stomach. PNED, and Borrmann's classification and tumor, lymph node, metastasis stages were independent prognostic factors. The cutoff PNED was 10%, beyond which patients had significantly worse outcomes, although the risk did not increase with higher PNED. Tumors with ≥10% NED tended to manifest as Borrmann type III lesion with mixed/diffuse morphology and poorer histological differentiation; the NE components in this population mainly grew in insulae/nests, which differed from the predominant growth pattern (glandular/acinar) in GC with <10% NED. Conclusions: GC with ≥10% NED should be classified as a distinct subtype because of its worse prognosis, and more attention should be paid to the necessity of additional therapeutics for NE components.

The molecular characteristics of two metallothioneins in Ostrinia furnacalis and expression under conditions of heavy metal stress

Zhang Jiali,Guo Xin,Xu Fanshu,Chen Lihui,Wei Hongyi 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.1

Metallothioneins are ubiquitously-expressed metal-binding proteins. Despite their potential ecological relevance, no prior reports have identified any metallothioneins in Ostrinia furnacalis or other Lepidoptera species. A better understanding of the molecular characteristics and regulatory dynamics of metallothionein genes in O. furnacalis under heavy metal stress conditions would enable future studies of the roles played by these proteins in the context of heavy metal detoxification. Herein, we identified and characterized two metallothionein (OfMT) genes in O. furnacalis, including the 147 bp OfMT1 gene encoding a 48 amino acid protein containing 10 cysteine residues, and the 141 bp OfMT2 gene encoding a 46 amino acid protein containing 12 cysteine residues. The expression of OfMT2 was found to be related to Cu and Cd concentrations in a dose-dependent manner but was unaffected by Zn exposure. Overall, these results indicate that OfMT genes likely encode metal-binding proteins consistent with their potential role in the maintenance of heavy metal homeostasis.

The Positive Association between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Newly-Diagnosed Hypertension Is More Explicit in Female Individuals Younger than 65

Xichang Wang,Haoyu Wang,Li Yan,Lihui Yang,Yuanming Xue,Jing Yang,Yongli Yao,Xulei Tang,Nanwei Tong,Guixia Wang,Jinan Zhang,Youmin Wang,Jianming Ba,Bing Chen,Jianling Du,Lanjie He,Xiaoyang Lai,Yanbo Li 대한내분비학회 2021 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.36 No.4

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is the most common thyroid dysfunction, and its relationship with blood pressure(BP) has been controversial. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between SCH and newly-diagnosed hypertension. Methods: Based on data from the Thyroid disease, Iodine nutrition and Diabetes Epidemiology (TIDE) study, 49,433 euthyroid individuals and 7,719 SCH patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Patients with a history of hypertension or thyroid disease were excluded. SCH was determined by manufacturer reference range. Overall hypertension and stage 1 and 2 hypertension were diagnosedaccording to the guidelines issued by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association in 2017. Results: The prevalence of overall hypertension (48.7%), including stage 1 (28.9%) and 2 (19.8%) hypertension, increased significantly in SCH patients compared with euthyroid subjects. With elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, the hypertension prevalence also increased significantly from the euthyroid to different SCH subgroups, which was more profound in femalesor subjects aged <65 years. The age- and sex-specific regression analysis further demonstrated the same trends in the general population and in the 1:1 propensity matched population. Similarly, several BP components (i.e., systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP)were positively associated with TSH elevation, and regression analysis also confirmed that all BP components were closely relatedwith SCH in female subjects aged <65 years. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension increases for patients with SCH. SCH tends to be associated with hypertension and BPcomponents in females younger than 65 years.

Experimental and theoretical studies on inhibition performance of Cu corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 by three disulfide derivatives

Bochuan Tan,Shengtao Zhang,Wenpo Li,Xiuli Zuo,Yujie Qiang,Lihui Xu,Jiangyu Hao,Shijin Chen 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.77 No.-

Phenyl disulfide (PDF), 2,20-dithiodipyridine (DDP), 5,5-dithiobis(1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole) (DPT) werestudied as inhibitors for Cu in H2SO4 via electrochemical methods, surface morphology analysis andtheoretical calculations. Electrochemical experiments show that PDF, DDP and DPT can exhibit excellentcorrosion inhibition performance. Their order of corrosion inhibition is DPT > DDP > PDF. Surfacemorphology analysis supports the electrochemical results. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)results show that S Cu bonds are detected in PDF, DDP and DPT, and N Cu bonds are detected in DDPand DPT. PDF, DDP and DPT adsorption on the Cu surface obey the Langmuir isotherm model. The resultsof quantum chemical calculations show that DPT has more active reaction sites than DDP and PDF. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the order of binding energies of the three corrosioninhibitor molecules on the copper surface is DPT > DDP > PDF.