Water temperature and salinity tolerance of embryos and spat of the mussel, Musculista senhousia

Liang, Zhuo Liang,Kim, Young-Hun,Zhang, Zhi Fang,Lim, Sang-Min,Kang, Kyoung-Ho The Malacological Society of Korea 2009 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.25 No.3

The effects of water temperature and salinity on embryonic development and spat survival of mussel Musculista senhousia were investigated. Embryos were incubated in water ranging from 0 to $35^{\circ}C$ and with salinity from 5‰ to 40‰. Mussel spat were tested in water from 0 to $40^{\circ}C$ and with salinity from 0‰ to 100‰. The optimal conditions for mussel embryos were $20-25^{\circ}C$ and salinity from 25‰ to 35‰, based on Within this temperature range, higher temperatures correponded to a shorter duration of the embryonic period. Optimisation of mussel spat survival was at $25-35^{\circ}C$ and salinity from 30‰ to 40‰; both values are higher than those for embryo, which hinted M. senhousia embryos are more vulnerable than spat. Temperatures below $15^{\circ}C$ were lethal for embryos, making temperature a feasible method with which to control the large population of M. senhousia in ark-shell farm during its spawning period.

Notes of the genus Chlorophila Semenow with descriptions of two new species from China (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae: Lagriini: Statiriina)

Liang Zhi-Hong,Zhou Yong,Chen Bin 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1

The genus Chlorophila Semenow, 1891 is reviewed with all known eight species worldwide in this present paper. Two new species, Chlorophila carinadorsum sp. n. and Chlorophila longicornia sp. n. are described. Four known species are described again from freshly collected specimens. The diagnostic characters of, and a key to all known eight species are provided. www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8DFE3353-9B83-4950-ACE9-918A42017C56.

Heading Toward Peaceful Coexistence: The Effects of the Improvement in Sino-Burmese Relations from 1953 to 1955

( Liang Zhi ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2018 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.42 No.4

Since coming to power in Myanmar, the National League for Democracy (NLD) has unambiguously indicated that it will carry out Burma’s foreign policy as it was established during the country’s foundation (i.e., an “independent, active and nonaligned foreign policy”). Retrospectively, we can trace the historical precedents of the NLD’s foreign policy to Burma’s foreign policy in the period of the Korean War in 1953. Using Burmese, Chinese, Indian, and US official documentation, and following an international history approach, I explore the background, process, and effects of Sino-Burmese relations in the period of 1953 to 1955 as an entirety. Thus, in this article I offer important historical insights to contemporary Burmese foreign relations.

Synthesis, Application, and Recovery of Alkali-Clearable Disperse Dyes Containing Azo Pyridone Structure

Liang Jin,Tao Qian,Ren-Liang Wang,Tao Zhu,Wei-Guo Chen,Hua Jiang,Zhi-Hua Cui 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.4

Carboxylic acid ester disperse dyes containing an azo pyridone structure have a high molar extinction coefficient,excellent washing color fastness, and simple synthetic methods. Dyes were readily synthesized through a conventional diazocoupling reaction between the reactant ethyl p-aminobenzoate and a coupling component containing an azo pyridonestructure. Subsequently, the molecular structures of the target products were characterized by FTIR, mass spectrometry,1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The synthesized dyes were used to dyepoly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric, and their washing and rubbing color fastness properties were tested and compared underdifferent post-treatment methods. Moreover, under the condition of alkali clearing, the relationships among different alkaliconcentrations and clearing effects were studied to determine the optimal alkali clearing process conditions for dyed fabrics,and the minimum alkali consumption required to obtain the best results was determined. It was found that carboxylic esterdisperse dyes containing an azo pyridone structure showed good dyeing performance and alkali-clearable properties onpolyester fibers. In addition, in hydrolyzate recovery, BaCl2 (salting out) can be used instead of acidification to recover thedye hydrolyzate, which has good environmental benefits.

Associations of hypoxia inducible factor-1a gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to digestive tract cancers: a case–control study and meta-analysis

Zhi-Hai Ni,Xian-Jun Liang,Jing-Gang Mo,Yi Zhang,Jian-Hua Liang,Yu-Sha Yang,Yong Zhou,Zhao-Hua Li,Jian-Liang Zhang,Yin-Lu Ding,Peng Zhang,Jin-Qing Wang 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.11

We aim to investigate the correlations of hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF-1a) C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) gene polymorphisms with digestive tract cancers. A sum of 267 digestive tract cancers patients were hospitalized in Taizhou Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province as case group between December 2012 and December 2014. Additionally, 275 healthy people who had a physical examination in our hospital at the same time were selected as control group. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was utilized for detecting allele and genotype frequency of different locus in case and control group. Meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Metaanalysis 2.0 (Biostat Inc., Englewood, New Jersey, USA). Our result showed statistical significance only exists in family history of cancer between case and control group (P\0.05). Both C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) polymorphisms showed positive correlations with an increasing risk of digestive tract cancers. The frequencies of TT genotype of C1772T (rs11549465) and GA, AA genotypes of G1790A (rs11549467) polymorphisms in case group were evidently higher compared with the controls (all P\0.05). Besides, the comparison of allele and dominant models of HIF-1a C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) between two groups showed a significant difference (all P\0.05). Meta-analysis results further confirmed that the onset risk of digestive tract cancers may be improved under allele and dominant models of HIF-1a C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) (all P\0.05). Single nucleotide polymorphisms of HIF-1a C1772T (rs11549465) and G1790A (rs11549467) may play a role in development of digestive tract cancers.

Electrical Measurements of an AlGaN/GaN High-electron-mobility Transistor Structure Grown on Si

Zhi-Yao Zhang,Shun-Tsung Lo,Li-Hung Lin,Kuang Yao Chen,J. Z. Huang,Zhi-Hao Sun,C.-T. Liang,N. C. Chen,Chin-An Chang,P. H. Chang 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.61 No.9

We report on magnetotransport results for an Al_0.15Ga_0.85N/GaN high-electron-mobility-transistor structure grown on a p-type Si (111) substrate. Our results show that there exists an approximately temperature (<i>T</i>)-independent point, which could be ascribed to a direct transition from a weak insulator to a high Landau level filling factor quantum Hall state, exists in the longitudinal resistivity ρ_xx. The Hall resistivity decreases with increasing <i>T</i>, compelling experimental evidence for electron-electron interaction effects in a weakly-disordered two-dimensional (2D) system. We find that electron-electron interaction effects can be estimated and eliminated, giving rise to a corrected nominally temperature-independent Hall slope. By fitting the low-field magnetotransport data to conventional 2D weak localization theory, we find that the dephasing rate 1/τ_φ is proportional to <i>T</i>. Moreover, 1/τ_φ is finite as <i>T</i> → 0, evidence for zero-temperature dephasing in our system.

Polymerization of Catechol Employing Polyoxovanadate as Biomimetic Models Catalyze for Textile Dyeing

Zhi-jie Liang,Jiayu Peng,Jiale Liang,Yujing Song,Weini Jia,Qing-hui Mao 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.12

The outstanding redox chemistry of polyoxovanadate has shown excellent catalysis prospects. In the present work,the effect of polyoxovanadate (K7[MnV13O38]·18H2O) on the catalytic polymerization of catechol was investigated for thefirst time. The synthesized polymer was applied in-situ for the dyeing of cotton under mild conditions. Various processparameters, including the dosages of catechol and polyoxovanadate and incubation temperature, which influence the colordepth, were analyzed. The effect of different time intervals on polyoxovanadate-catalyzed polymerization of catechol wasexamined using UV-vis spectroscopy. The color intensity of cotton was evaluated by means of K/S value and color difference(ΔE*). The results show that the dyeing depth of the dyed cotton fabrics gradually increased with the extension of time andthe increase in the concentration of polyoxovanadate. This work represents a novel synthetic process exploring the potentialof a polymer to be used for textile dyeing.

The advantage and disadvantage of the subterranean heating system and traditional heating system

Liang Zhi gang,Kin June beng,Dai Jian 국제온돌학회 2009 International Journal of Ondol Vol.2009 No.-

the subterranean heat adopts is called low temperature floor adopt heating, as early as 70 s in 20th century, the low temperature floor radiation adopts technique is get quick development, such as Europe and America, and day...etc. and verifies that the subterranean heat adopts heating is a heat way of economical energy and health caring. Modern life requests that building not only can be live by human, but also is to be spacious and brightness. Therefore, the system of radiation low heat adopts heating system has its own superior function which will replace the traditional heat-adopth system.

RALY RNA Binding Protein-like Reduced Expression is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Cui, Zhi-Wen,Xia, Ye,Ye, Yi-Wang,Jiang, Zhi-Mao,Wang, Ya-Dong,Wu, Jian-Ting,Sun, Liang,Zhao, Jun,Fa, Ping-Ping,Sun, Xiao-Juan,Gui, Yao-Ting,Cai, Zhi-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

The molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) are still unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships between expression of RALYL and clinical characteristics. In 41 paired samples of ccRCCs and adjacent normal tissues, we used real-time qPCR to evaluate the expression of RALYL mRNA. RALYL protein levels were determined in 146 samples of ccRCC and 37 adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis was used to explore the relationships between expression of RALYL and the clinical characteristics (gender, age, tumor size, T stage, N stage, M stage, survival times and survival outcome) in ccRCC. In addition, these patients were follow-up period 64 months (range: 4~116months) to investigate the influence on prognosis. We found significantly differences between ccRCC tissues and normal tissues (p<0.001, paired-sample t test) in mRNA levels of RALYL. Immunohistochemistry analyses in 146 ccRCC samples and 37 adjacent normal tissues showed significantly lower RALYL protein levels in ccRCC samples (${\chi}^2$-test, p<0.001), inversely correlating with tumour size (p=0.024), T stage (0.005), N stage (p<0.001) as well as M stage (p=0.019), but not age (p=0.357) and gender (p=0.348). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that people with lower level of RALYL expression had a poorer survival rate than those with a higher level of RALYL expression, significantly different by the log-rank test (p=0.011). Cox regression analysis indicated that RALYL expression (p=0.039), N stage (p=0.008) and distant metastasis (p<0.001) were independent prognosis factors for the overall survival of ccRCC patients. We demonstrated that the expression of RALYL was significantly low in ccRCC and correlated with a poor prognosis in a large number of clinical samples. Our findings showed that RALYL may be a potential therapeutic target as well as a poor prognostic factor.

중국노인의 주거 및 지역사회환경이 우울에 미치는 영향: 도시와 농촌의 비교

양옥지(Liang, Yu Zhi),정순둘(Chung, Soondool) 한국노인복지학회 2020 노인복지연구 Vol.75 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 노인을 대상으로 주거 및 지역사회환경이 우울에 미치는 영향, 그리고 이러한 영향은 도시와 농촌 노인 사이에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 파악하여 실증적으로 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 北京大學中國社會科學調査中心(Institute of Social Science Survey, Peking University)가 전국적으로 실시하는 中國家庭追踪調査(China Family Panel Studies) 2016년도 자료를 사용하였다. 상하이 도시 노인 377명과 허난 농촌 노인 380명으로 총 757명의 자료가 최종 분석에 사용되었다. 분석결과 첫째, 중국 노인의 우울 수준은 낮은 것으로 나타났으며 주거, 지역 공동체 의식은 전체 노인 우울에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 노인의 우울에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관해서 도시와 농촌 간에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 지역 공동체 의식이 도시 노인과 농촌 노인 모두에게 영향을 미쳤으나 주거와 지역사회환경의 치안상태가 농촌 노인에게만 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 노인의 우울 감소를 위한 방안 마련의 필요성과 정책적 · 실천적 제안을 제시하였다. The purposes of this study was to investigate the impact of living and community environment on depressive symptom of older adults in China. A comparison is conducted on the older residents between urban and rural areas. Data for this study were from China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) in 2016, which was conducted by the Institute of Social Science Survey, Peking University(ISSS). A total of 757 older people consisted of 377 from Shanghai as urban area and 380 from Henan as rural area were analyzed by regression analysis. The main results were as follows: Firstly, in general, depressive symptom score of older people in China is relatively low. Factors predicting depressive symptom of older people in China were community environment and the living environment. Secondly, differences in affecting depressive symptom of older people between urban and rural areas were found. The community environment have positive effects on the urban and rural older people, whereas the living environment have positive effects on the rural older people only in terms of the state of public security. Based on these findings, several policies measures and practical implications were suggested in order to reduce depression score among the older people in China.