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Liang, Yanjie,Noh, Hyeon Mi,Xue, Junpeng,Choi, Haeyoung,Park, Sung Heum,Choi, Byung Chun,Kim, Jung Hwan,Jeong, Jung Hyun Elsevier 2017 Materials & Design Vol.130 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>GdVO<SUB>4</SUB>:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles with high crystallinity and water dispersibility have been synthesized by a facile hydrothermal approach followed by a protected calcination treatment. The crude GdVO<SUB>4</SUB>:Yb,Er nanoparticles obtained by hydrothermal approach show cubic morphology with a diameter of about 45nm. A layer of SiO<SUB>2</SUB> was coated on the surface of nanoparticles to avoid particles growth and aggregation during thermal treatment. After the dissolution of SiO<SUB>2</SUB> layer by chemical etching in aqueous NaOH solution, the as-prepared highly crystalline GdVO<SUB>4</SUB>:Yb,Er nanoparticles not only maintain their nanostructure properties but show high chemical stability and good water dispersibility. Intense green upconversion luminescence is achieved under the 980nm laser diode excitation. The approach reported here can be “borrowed” to guide the synthesis of other oxide-based luminescent nanoparticles and will access their suitability for many technologically important applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> High quality colloidal GdVO<SUB>4</SUB>:Yb,Er nanoparticles were synthesized by a protected calcination process. </LI> <LI> The obtained high crystallinity nanoparticles show excellent chemical stability, good water dispersibility and strong upconversion luminescence. </LI> <LI> The protected calcination approach can be extended to synthesize other luminescent oxide nanoparticles. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Subcontracting and International Trade Policy
Liang, Wen-Jung,Chen, Ho-Chyuan,Shi, Mau-Shan 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2003 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.18 No.2
This oaoer examines the optimal trade policies when international subcibtracting occurs between two competing firms. It shows that if the strategic substitutes effect dominates the cost saving transfer effect, then the exporting country will impose a dufferebt policy on each export. In comtrast, if th ecost saving transfer effect dominates the strategic substitutes effect, then the exporting country will impose a tax policy on both exports. However, there has never existed an optiml policy to subsidize the export of both the subocntracted product and final product. Even though the exporting firm assumes away its export of the final good, to subsidize the export of the subcontracted good is not necessarily an optimal policy for th e exporting country. For the importing country, if the price elastictiy of demand is sufficientl small and the marketing cost of the final produci is lorge enough, then it is oprimal to set a negative tariff.
Biosequestration of Carbon Dioxide Using a Silicified Carbonic Anhydrase Catalyst
Liang-Jung Chien,수레쉬쿠마,Hsiao-Hsin Hsieh,Jui-Lung Wang 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3
Using recombinant DNA technology, we constructed a dual fusion gene expression plasmid,pRCAH-30, encoding carbonic anhydrase (CA) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, an R5 peptide sequence, and an affinity (His)6 tag, to allow the simultaneous purification and immobilization of the encoded fusion enzyme, termed RCAH. The expressed fusion protein was approximately 30 kDa, and could be rapidly purified using affinity resins. To enhance enzyme activity,the R5 peptide facilitated immobilization by means of silicification with tetramethoxysilane; the aggregated particles were approximately 300 nm in diameter. Activity tests revealed that the enzyme functioned optimally between pH 7.0 and 7.5; maximum stability was achieved between 25and 45oC, at pH 6.0 ~ 8.0. Activity of the fusion enzyme persisted, even after encapsulation by biomimetic silicification. In fact, silicone embedding stabilized the enzyme structure, thereby increasing its stability and reusability rate under different environmental conditions. In addition, the silicified enzyme reduced waste CO2 gas from 800 to 42 ppm, resulting in a gas capture rate of 94.7% after conversion. Thus, the construct developed in this study can be effectively utilized for the sequestration of industrial waste CO2 gas.
Assessing Geographic Origins of Green Teas Using Instruments
Jung Hyen Jang,Euk Seob Kim,Shu Yu Wu,Jian Liang Lu,Hui Ling Liang,Ying Ying Du,Chen Lin,Yue Rong Liang 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.5
Parameters of soluble solids, amino acids, catechins, and color difference of 24 green tea samples from China and Korea were determined. The levels of soluble solids, amino acids, total catechins, and infusion lightness in tea samples from Korea were higher than those from China. Concentrations of epigallocatechin galate and epigallocatechin in teas from China were higher than tea samples from Korea. Geographical origin of teas from the 2 countries was discriminated using parameters of infusion lightness, gallocatechin, and total catechins and applying principal component analysis.
Subcontracting and International Trade Policy
( Wen Jung Liang ),( Ho Chyuan Chen ),( Mau Shan Shi ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2003 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.18 No.2
This paper examines the optimal trade policies when international subcontracting occurs between two competing firms. It shows that if the strategic substitutes effect dominates the cost saving transfer effect, then the exporting country will impose a different policy on each export. In contrast, if the cost saving transfer effect dominates the strategic substitutes effect, then the exporting country will impose a tax policy on both exports. However, there has never existed an optimal policy to subsidize the export of both the subcontracted product and final product. Even though the exporting firm assumes away its export of the final good, to subsidize the export of the subcontracted good is not necessarily an optimal policy for the exporting country. For the importing country, if the price elasticity of demand is sufficiently small and the marketing cost of the final product is large enough, then it is optimal to set a negative tariff.
Strategic Export Policy in the Presence of Subcontracting
( Wen Jung Liang ),( Ho Chyuan Chen ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2007 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.22 No.4
This paper examines the optimal export policies when ex ante negotiation over subcontract manufacturing occurs between two competing international-firms. It show that it could be optimal for the exporting country to adopt either a different or a parallel trade policy between the two exporting goods (the final product and the subcontracted product). However, a different trade policy that taxes the finalproduct export and subsidizes the subcontracted-product export is not ever optimal. When the exporting firm is a pure subcontractor, taxing the single export (subcontracted product) becomes the only optimal trade policy of the exporting country. Morever, the exporting country imposes a less aggressive trade policy in response given that the importing country inflicts a more aggressive trade policy.