Research on Whole‑Process Tensile Behavior of Headed Studs in Steel–Concrete Composite Structures

Liang?Dong Zhuang,Hong?Bing Chen,Yuan Ma,Ran Ding 한국콘크리트학회 2021 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.15 No.4

The headed studs have been widely applied in steel–concrete composite structures as shear connectors. However, the tensile performance of headed studs is also key to the structural performance in many cases such as the semi-rigid composite joints including steel beam–concrete wall joint and steel column–base joint. Therefore, this study presents experimental and analytical study on the whole-process tensile behavior of headed studs. Tests on a total of 33 pullout specimens are first conducted. The tensile capacity and load–deformation behavior of the anchorage concrete, which dominates the structural performance of headed studs, are thoroughly analyzed. In addition, test data in the literature are collected for quantitatively evaluating the influence of embedment depth, bearing area, boundary conditions, and concrete strength on the tensile behavior of the anchorage concrete. On the basis of the influence evaluation, an analytical model represented by a piecewise function is proposed to describe the whole-process load–deformation behavior of the anchorage concrete and validated through the comparison between the predicted curves and all collected experimental results. Then the proposed model is applied to simulate the rotational behavior of the typical semi-rigid joint anchored by headed studs, which takes the contribution of the anchorage concrete into consideration, and is verified by experimental results. The research findings indicate that tensile behavior of anchorage concrete is crucial to the structural performance of semi-rigid joints, even for headed studs with large embedment depth and bearing area.

4000年前全球降温事件与中国五帝联盟的诞生

付希亮(Fu, Xi–liang),최창원 중국학연구회 2014 중국학연구 Vol.- No.68

Archaeology of Neolithic era proved that Chinese civilization originated diversely and developed independently. Archaeologist Su Bingqi divided Neolithic culture into six parts: Yangshao, Hongshan, Liangzhu, Dawenkou, Majiayao and Qujialing cultural districts. By the Longshan culture period, social development of each cultural district had reached to a very high level. Global cooling and flood, drought triggered by it in 4200-4000 ago brought enormous disaster to five cultural districts except for Yangshao. The tribes in these five districts started to migrate to the middle reaches of the Yellow river. Finally, a huge tribal alliance-the five emperors’ league was established through mutual compromise. Then Chinese civilization changed form “starring night” to “the YellowRivercivilization”stage. 4200—4000前的全球降温及其引发的洪水、旱灾给 仰韶之外的五大文化区带来了巨大灾难,这些地区居住的部落向黄河中游地区迁徙。这些部落与 居住在黄河中游原住部落之间爆发了冲突,最终通过相互妥协得到了解决,建立了一个庞大的部落联盟,这就是五帝联盟。中国文明 由此由“漫天星斗”转为“黄河文明”阶段。

한·중 파생 신어의 분포·의미적 대조 연구 - 2010년~2020년 신어를 중심으로 -

푸량 ( Fu¸ Liang ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원 2021 언어사실과 관점 Vol.54 No.-

This study aims to examine the distribution changes of Korean and Chinese derivative neologisms over the past 10 years from a short-term diachronic perspective, and to contrast the semantic features of productive affixes. In terms of distribution, both Korean and Chinese derivative neologisms showed an overall decline, and the increase in the number of phrase neologisms is the main reason. In the process of decreasing, the derivative neologisms of Chinese had a comparatively distinct change point and the descending width was larger. This is related to some affixes, which are most productive among the derivative neologisms of Chinese. In terms of meaning, this paper compared the semantic features of the productive affixes of Chinese and Korean neologisms. Prefixes in Korean neologisms often indicate the state or degree of the word, and often contain negative meanings. By comparison, prefixes in Chinese neologisms mostly indicate ways of doing things and are neutral in meaning. Most of the suffixes in Korean and Chinese neologisms are related to ‘people’, but there are differences in semantic categories and detailed meanings. Among the productive suffixes, Korean has suffixes related to ‘region and place’, while Chinese has suffixes referring to ‘service platform or system’.

The Effects of Electro Slag Welding on Material Properties of Box Column Plates

Cheng-Cheng Chen,Yu-Chen Liang2 한국강구조학회 2011 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.11 No.2

The effects of electro slag welding (ESW) on the material properties of box column plates, which is ASTM A572 Gr. 50steel, were investigated experimentally and numerically. The material properties of the column plates before and after ESW were evaluated by macro-etching observation, micro-structural observation, and CVN impact tests. The temperature distribution of the column plates, with the ESW heat cycle as the heat input, was simulated by using the ANSYS FEM software. It was found that: (1) The CVN values in the through thickness direction of the base metal can be as low as 14J, 8.1J, and 8.1J at 0oC for plate thicknesses of 32, 40, and 50 mm respectively; (2) During the ESW process, the measured peak temperature for a 25×50 mm column plate surface was as high as 1033, 880 and 744oC for plate thicknesses of 32, 40 and, 50 mm respectively;(3) After the ESW heat cycle, the through thickness CVN value decreased by 68% for the coarse grain heat affected zone (HAZ) of the column pate; (4) The FEM thermal conduction model developed was able to simulate the temperature distribution of the steel plate during the ESW process with reasonable accuracy; (5) To avoid welding penetration due to ESW, a minimum plate thickness is suggested; (6) The impact of ESW heat cycle is more significant for thin column plates compared to thick ones.

Serum fibrosis index-based risk score predicts hepatocellular carcinoma in untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B

( Lilian Yan Liang ),( Hye Won Lee ),( Vincent Wai-sun Wong ),( Terry Cheuk-fung Yip ),( Yee-kit Tse ),( Vicki Wing-ki Hui ),( Grace Chung-yan Lui ),( Henry Lik-yuen Chan ),( Grace Lai-hung Wong ) 대한간학회 2021 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.27 No.3

Background/Aims: Serum fibrosis scores comprised of common laboratory tests have high utility to assess severity of liver fibrosis. We aimed to derive and validate a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk score based on serum fibrosis scores to predict HCC in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Fifteen thousand one hundred eighty-seven treatment-naive adult CHB patients were identified to form the training cohort in this retrospective study. Individual fibrosis score was included to construct a new HCC prediction score. The score was externally validated in an independent treatment-naive Korean CHB cohort. Results: 180/15,187 patients (1.2%) in training cohort and 47/4,286 patients (1.1%) in validation cohort developed HCC during a mean follow-up of 52 and 50 months, respectively. The newly developed HCC risk score, Liang score, is composed of gender, age, hepatitis B virus DNA, fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, and ranges from 0 to 22. Area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve of Liang score was 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.89). A cutoff value of nine provided an extremely high negative predictive value of 99.9% and high sensitivity of 90.0% at 5 years in the validation cohort. Patients with Liang score ≤9 had HCC incidence <0.2% per year in both training and validation cohorts, in whom HCC surveillance might be exempted. Conclusion: A novel HCC risk score, Liang score, based on FIB-4 index, is applicable and accurate to identify treatment-naive CHB patients with very low risk of HCC to be exempted from HCC surveillance. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:499-509)

MiR-454 Prompts Cell Proliferation of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells by Repressing CYLD Expression

Liang, Hong-Liang,Hu, Ai-Ping,Li, Sen-Lin,Xie, Jia-Ping,Ma, Qing-Zhu,Liu, Ji-Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

Previous studies have shown that miR-454 plays an important role in a variety of biological processes in various human cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of this microRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the miR-454 role in CRC cell proliferation. We found that miR-454 expression is markedly upregulated in CRC tissues and CRC cells compared with the matched tumor adjacent tissues and the FHC normal colonic cell line. Ectopic expression of miR-454 promoted the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of CRC cells, whereas inhibition of miR-454 reduced this effect. Bioinformatics analysis further revealed cylindromatosis (CYLD), a putative tumor suppressor as a potential target of miR-454. Data from luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-454 directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of CYLD mRNA and repressed expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. In functional assays, CYLD-silenced in miR-454-in-transfected SW480 cells have positive effect to promote cell proliferation, suggesting that direct CYLD downregulation is required for miR-454-induced CRC cell proliferation. In sum, our data provide compelling evidence that miR-454 functions as an onco-miRNA, playing a crucial role in the promoting cell proliferation in CRC, and its oncogenic effect is mediated chiefly through direct suppression of CYLD expression.

Water temperature and salinity tolerance of embryos and spat of the mussel, Musculista senhousia

Liang, Zhuo Liang,Kim, Young-Hun,Zhang, Zhi Fang,Lim, Sang-Min,Kang, Kyoung-Ho The Malacological Society of Korea 2009 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.25 No.3

The effects of water temperature and salinity on embryonic development and spat survival of mussel Musculista senhousia were investigated. Embryos were incubated in water ranging from 0 to $35^{\circ}C$ and with salinity from 5‰ to 40‰. Mussel spat were tested in water from 0 to $40^{\circ}C$ and with salinity from 0‰ to 100‰. The optimal conditions for mussel embryos were $20-25^{\circ}C$ and salinity from 25‰ to 35‰, based on Within this temperature range, higher temperatures correponded to a shorter duration of the embryonic period. Optimisation of mussel spat survival was at $25-35^{\circ}C$ and salinity from 30‰ to 40‰; both values are higher than those for embryo, which hinted M. senhousia embryos are more vulnerable than spat. Temperatures below $15^{\circ}C$ were lethal for embryos, making temperature a feasible method with which to control the large population of M. senhousia in ark-shell farm during its spawning period.

Reports : IGF1 potentiates BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells through the enhancement of BMP/Smad signaling

( Liang Chen ),( Xiang Zou ),( Ran-xi Zhang ),( Chang-jun Pi ),( Nian Wu ),( Liang-jun Yin ),( Zhong-liang Deng ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2016 BMB Reports Vol.49 No.2

Engineered bone tissue is thought to be the ideal alternative for bone grafts in the treatment of related bone diseases. BMP9 has been demonstrated as one of the most osteogenic factors, and enhancement of BMP9-induced osteogenesis will greatly accelerate the development of bone tissue engineering. Here, we investigated the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation, and unveiled a possible molecular mechanism underling this process. We found that IGF1 and BMP9 are both detectable in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Exogenous expression of IGF1 potentiates BMP9-induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP), matrix mineralization, and ectopic bone formation. Similarly, IGF1 enhances BMP9-induced endochondral ossification. Mechanistically, we found that IGF1 increases BMP9-induced activation of BMP/Smad signaling in MSCs. Our findings demonstrate that IGF1 can enhance BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in MSCs, and that this effect may be mediated by the enhancement of the BMP/Smad signaling transduction triggered by BMP9. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(2): 122-127]

The Typical Application of Building Energy Consumption Monitoring and Energy Management : A Case Study

Liang Zhao,Ruobing Liang,Jili Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.1

Building energy consumption monitoring and management system plays a vital role in the advance of building energy conservation, because it offers abundant online real time data, which are mainly used to further analyze energy saving potential and put forward a feasibility methodology for implementation. In addition to its extreme importance in decreasing energy consumption and saving costs, the platform can also help to find the anomalies of the main equipment. In this paper, we first introduce the structure of the monitoring platform, and then put forward an error analysis principle to improve the precision of heat meters. A case study is given for a building in “hot summer and cold winter” area, including the installation of various measuring meters and data verification. Finally, the energy consumption data of the building from January to December in 2013 were analyzed.

SDC4 Gene Silencing Favors Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Liang-Liang Chen,Ge-Xin Gao,Fei-Xia Shen,Xiong Chen,Xiao-Hua Gong,Wen-Jun Wu 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.9

As the most common type of endocrine malignancy, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for 85-90% of all thyroid cancers. In this study, we presented the hypothesis that SDC4 gene silencing could effectively attenuate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promote cell apoptosis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human PTC cells. Bioinformatics methods were employed to screen the determined differential expression levels of SDC4 in PTC and adjacent normal samples. PTC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were prepared and their respective levels of SDC4 protein positive expression, in addition to the mRNA and protein levels of SDC4, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, EMT and apoptosis related genes were all detected accordingly. Flow cytometry was applied in order to detect cell cycle entry and apoptosis. Finally, analyses of PTC migration and invasion abilities were assessed by using a Transwell assay and scratch test. In PTC tissues, activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, increased EMT and repressed cell apoptosis were determined. Moreover, the PTC K1 and TPC-1 cell lines exhibiting the highest SDC4 expression were selected for further experiments. In vitro experiments revealed that SDC4 gene silencing could suppress cell migration, invasion and EMT, while acting to promote the apoptosis of PTC cells by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Besides, si-β-catenin was observed to inhibit the promotion of PTC cell migration and invasion caused by SDC4 overexpression. Our study revealed that SDC4 gene silencing represses EMT, and enhances cell apoptosis by suppressing the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in human PTC.