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Effect of Axial Restraints on Top-Seat Angle Connections at Elevated Temperatures
Leong Siong Hean,N.H. Ramli Sulong,Mohammed Jameel 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.20 No.6
In this study, a finite element model of a top-seat angle connection at elevated temperature is developed to study the effect of axial restraints on the connection behavior. Models are first validated with existing fire test results of top-seat angle connection. Non-linear behavior of the materials was modeled with the definition of elastic-plastic multi-linear properties and frictional contact between surfaces is included to simulate actual conditions. Validation of the model behavior shows that the model is in good agreement with existing experimental results and therefore the model is used for further study on the effect of axial restraints towards connection behavior. Both isothermal and anisothermal conditions were analyzed considering the effect of axial restraints. Results from the model shows that an increase in axial restraints has increased connection capacity while the stiffness remains similar for low axial levels. On the other hand, the shrinkage of the beam, may lead to tensional axial loads, causing axial pulling on the connection, resulting in higher deformation and different deformation patterns of the component angle sections. Effect on the design guidelines for connection design with axial restraints provided by Eurocode 3:2005 (Part 1-8) is also discussed at the end.
Stella Sinn-Yee Choong,Sumitha Nair Balan,Leong-Siong Chua,Yee-How Say 한국영양학회 2012 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.6 No.3
This study investigated the preference and intake frequency of a list of 15 commonly available high sodium Malaysian foods/dishes, discretionary salt use, and their possible association with demographics, blood pressures and anthropometric measurements among 300 Malaysian university students (114 males, 186 females; 259 ethnic Chinese, 41 Indians; 220 lean, 80 overweight). French fries and instant soup noodle were found to be the most preferred and most frequently consumed salty food, respectively, while salted fish was least preferred and least frequently consumed. Males had a significantly higher intake frequency of at least 6 of the salty foods, but the preference of most salty foods was not significantly different between genders. Ethnic Chinese significantly preferred more and took more frequently traditional and conventional Malaysian foods like asam laksa (a Malaysian salty-sour-spicy noodle in fish stock), salted biscuits and salted vegetable, while Indians have more affinity and frequency towards eating salty Western foods. Body Mass Index was significantly negatively correlated with the intake frequency of canned/packet soup and salted fish while waist circumference was significantly positively correlated with the preference of instant noodle. Also, an increased preference of potato chips and intake frequency of salted biscuits seemed to lead to a decreased WHR. Other than these, all the other overweight/obesity indicators did not seem to fully correlate with the salty food preference and intake frequency. Nevertheless, the preference and intake frequency of asam laksa seemed to be significant negative predictors for blood pressures. Finally, increased preference and intake frequency of high sodium shrimp paste (belacan)-based foods like asam laksa and belacan fried rice seemed to discourage discretionary salt use. In conclusion, the preference and intake frequency of the high sodium belacan-based dish asam laksa seems to be a good predictor for ethnic difference, discretionary salt use and blood pressures.
Siew Lian Chong,Asral Wirda Ahmad Asnawi,Tze Shin Leong,Jenq Tzong Tan,Kian Boon Law,Siong Leng Hon,Rui Jeat Fann,Sen Mui Tan 대한혈액학회 2021 Blood Research Vol.56 No.3
Background With the emergence of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the incorporation of stringent measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring, risk stratification for BCR-ABL1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients has changed significantly. However, whether this monitoring can replace conventional risk factors in determining whether patients need allogeneic stem cell transplantation is still unclear. This study aimed to determine the impact of BCR-ABL1 monitoring on the outcome of patients with BCR-ABL1-positive ALL after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the survival outcome of patients with BCR-ABL1-positive ALL based on the quantification of BCR-ABL1 at 3 timepoints: the end of induction (timepoint 1), post-consolidation week 16 (timepoint 2), and the end of treatment for patients who were either transplant-eligible or non-transplant eligible (timepoint 3). Results From 2006 to 2018, a total of 96 patients newly diagnosed with BCR-ABL1-positive ALL were treated with chemotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thirty-eight (41.3%) patients achieved complete remission, and 33 patients underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Our data showed that pre-transplant MRD monitoring by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction had the highest correlation with survival in patients with BCR-ABL1-positive ALL, especially for those who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Conclusion Patients without MRD pre-transplantation had superior survival compared with those who had MRD, and they had excellent long-term outcomes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Comparative phenotypic analysis of CHO clones and culture media for lactate shift
Hong, Jong Kwang,Nargund, Shilpa,Lakshmanan, Meiyappan,Kyriakopoulos, Sarantos,Kim, Do Yun,Ang, Kok Siong,Leong, Dawn,Yang, Yuansheng,Lee, Dong-Yup Elsevier 2018 Journal of biotechnology Vol.283 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We explored the effects of media and clonal variation on the lactate shift which can be considered as one of the desirable features in CHO cell culture. Various culture profiles with the specific growth and antibody production rates under three different media conditions in two CHO producing clones were evaluated by resorting to multivariate statistical analysis. In most cases, glutamine depletion coincided with lactate consumption, suggesting that glutaminolysis rather than glycolysis was the preferred pathway for the pyruvate supply toward lactate production. With respect to the lactate shift, high performing medium showed higher glutamate uptake, higher aspartate secretion and lower serine uptake compared to other media conditions. In addition, clone itself exhibited the desired lactate consumption more consistently accompanying with distinguishing phenotype. The clone exhibiting lactate shift produced lesser lactate in exponential phase but two-fold higher non-toxic alanine, thus leading to better culture environment. Thus, we understand the balanced selection of clone and media composition enables cells to utilize the metabolic pathways for the desired lactate shift.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Explored the effects of media and clonal variation on the lactate shift in CHO cells. </LI> <LI> Conducted multivariate statistical analysis of various CHO cell cultures. </LI> <LI> Found glutaminolysis as preferred pathway for lactate production by pyruvate supply. </LI> <LI> Understood the balanced selection of clone and media composition for lactate shift. </LI> </UL> </P>