Projections of summertime ozone concentration over East Asia under multiple IPCC SRES emission scenarios

Lee, Jae-Bum,Cha, Jun-Seok,Hong, Sung-Chul,Choi, Jin-Young,Myoung, Ji-Su,Park, Rokjin J.,Woo, Jung-Hun,Ho, Changhoi,Han, Jin-Seok,Song, Chang-Keun Elsevier 2015 Atmospheric environment Vol.106 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have developed the Integrated Climate and Air Quality Modeling System (ICAMS) through the one-way nesting of global–regional models to examine the changes in the surface ozone concentrations over East Asia under future climate scenarios. Model simulations have been conducted for the present period of 1996–2005 to evaluate the performance of ICAMS. The simulated surface ozone concentrations reproduced the observed monthly mean concentrations at sites in East Asia with high R<SUP>2</SUP> values (0.4–0.9), indicating a successful simulation to capture both spatial and temporal variability. We then performed several model simulations with the six IPCC SRES scenarios (A2, A1B, A1FI, A1T, B1, and B2) for the next three periods, 2016–2025 (the 2020s), 2046–2055 (the 2050s), and 2091–2100 (the 2090s). The model results show that the projected changes of the annual daily mean maximum eight-hour (DM8H) surface ozone concentrations in summertime for East Asia are in the range of 2–8 ppb, −3 to 8 ppb, and −7 to 9 ppb for the 2020s, the 2050s, and the 2090s, respectively, and are primarily determined based on the emission changes of NO<SUB>x</SUB> and NMVOC. The maximum increases in the annual DM8H surface ozone and high-ozone events occur in the 2020s for all scenarios except for A2, implying that the air quality over East Asia is likely to get worse in the near future period (the 2020s) than in the far future periods (the 2050s and the 2090s). The changes in the future environment based on IPCC SRES scenarios would also influence the change in the occurrences of high-concentrations events more greatly than that of the annual DM8H surface ozone concentrations. Sensitivity simulations show that the emissions increase is the key factor in determining future regional surface ozone concentrations in the case of a developing country, China, whereas a developed country, Japan would be influenced more greatly by effects of the regional climate change than the increase in emissions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Change in ozone level is determined by the combination of NO<SUB>x</SUB> and NMVOC emissions. </LI> <LI> Ozone level over East Asia would get worse in the near future (the 2020s) than far future. </LI> <LI> A high-concentration event generally increases and more frequently occurs in the future. </LI> <LI> Change in ozone air quality in a developing country depends more on emissions change. </LI> <LI> Change in ozone air quality in a developed country depends more on climate change. </LI> </UL> </P>

가강수량의 변화패턴과 기후인자와의 상관성 분석

이다래 ( Darae Lee ),한경수 ( Kyung Soo Han ),권채영 ( Chaeyoung Kwon ),이경상 ( Kyeong Sang Lee ),서민지 ( Minji Seo ),최성원 ( Sungwon Choi ),성노훈 ( Noh Hun Seong ),이창석 ( Chang Suk Lee ) 대한원격탐사학회 2016 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

수증기는 지구 장파 복사에너지의 주요 흡수인자이다. 따라서 수증기량의 변화를 모니터링하고 변화의 원인을 세밀하게 조사하는 것은 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 위성관측에 의해 얻어지는 Total Precipitable Water (TPW)자료를 사용하여 가강수량의 변화패턴을 모니터링 하고자 한다. 또한 기후인자들 중 수증기를 통해 생성되어 수증기의 변화패턴을 분석하는데 있어 중요한 역할을 하는 강수량과 다른 기후인 자들에 비해 비교적 주기적으로 나타나는 엘니뇨를 통해 가강수량의 변화패턴과 기후인자와의 상관성분석을 실시하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 TERRA/AQUA 위성의 Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroadiometer (MODIS) 센서를 통해 관측된 TPW의 장기적인 변화와 한반도 중남부지방의 강수량변화를 정량적으로 분석 하고, 이들의 관계를 엘니뇨와 함께 비교하였다. 이를 통해 엘니뇨의 발생이 한반도 중남부지방의 강수량과 TPW의 변화에 영향을 주고 있는 지에 대해 조사하고자 한다. 먼저, 시계열 분석을 통해 TPW와 중남부지방 강수량의 변화를 정량적으로 산출하고 anomaly분석을 통해 이들의 변화를 세밀하게 분석한 결과 서로 반대 의 양상을 띠는 부분이 발견되어 엘니뇨의 anomaly분석결과와 비교하였다. 그 결과 대부분 같은 양상을 띠고 있던 TPW와 강수량이 엘니뇨가 발생한 후 서로 반대의 양상을 띠는 것을 확인하였다. Water vapor is main absorption factor of outgoing longwave radiation. So, it is essential to monitoring the changes in the amount of water vapor and to understanding the causes of such changes. In this study, we monitor temporal variability of Total Precipitable Water (TPW) which observed by satellite. Among climate variables, precipitation play an important part to analyze temporal variability of water vapor because it is produced by water vapor. And El Nino is one of climate variables which appear regularly in comparison with the others. Through them, we analyze relationship between temporal variability of TPW and climate variable. In this study, we analyzed long-term change of TPW from Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroadiometer (MODIS) data and change of precipitation in middle area of Korea peninsula quantitatively. After these analysis, we compared relation of TPW and precipitation with El Nino. The aim of study is to research El Nino has an impact on TPW and precipitation change in middle area of Korea peninsula. First of all, we calculated TPW and precipitation from time series analysis quantitatively, and anomaly analysis is performed to analyze their correlation. As a result, TPW and precipitation has correlation mostly but the part had inverse correlation was found. This was compared with El Nino of anomaly results. As a result, TPW and precipitation had inverse correlation after El Nino occurred. It was found that El Nino have a decisive effect on change of TPW and precipitation.

휴대폰 카메라용 자동초점 구동기의 충격해석

이성민,김봉석,송준호,이수훈,이혜진,이문구,송준엽,이창우 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

Recently, the robustness against daily impact is important according to portablization and downsizing of mobile electronics. Especially, almost parts of cellular phone should undergo drop test when they fall 1.5 m above ground. This test simulates the case when cellular phone slips through user's fingers while he is talking on the phone. This paper studies a drop test of auto focusing (AF) actuator for camera module in cellular phone. This component is composed of voice coil motor (VCM) as an actuator and leaf spring as a guide and suspension. The leaf spring's deformation is essential for the test because its permanent distortion disables the focusing, and then, a high quality photograph cannot be obtained. Up to now the drop test has been carried out after fabricating real AF actuator. We propose a dropt test model which simulates the drop test based on finite element analysis. This model makes us enable investigate the stress acting on the clamping and curved parts of leaf spring. Stress over Von Mises criterion lets the spring deformed permanently, and then AF actuator malfunctioned, It helps us to design and modify AF actuator without manufacturing the real product. And also, it saves the time and cost for the development of new products.

Graves 병 환자에서 항갑상선제 투여에 의한 TSH 수용체 항체의 변동에 관한 연구 : 치료 용량 및 기간에 따른 차이 및 임상상과의 관계 its relation to dose and duration of treatment~and clinical features

이문호,조보연,문대혁,고창순,민헌기,서교일 대한내과학회 1986 대한내과학회지 Vol.30 No.3

We undertook a prospective study of 59 patients with Graves' disease in order to clarify the influence of antithyroid drug on the immunological indices and to determine the association of the changes of TSH receptor antibodies activities with drug dosage, duration of treatment and clinical features according to mode of antitbyroid drugs treatment. Patients were divided into two groups. High dose group included 28 patients and conventional dose group 31 patients. We measured TBII activities, antimicrosomal antibodies, and the size of goiter every 3 months, comparing them with clinical features and laboratory findings. TBII activities declined from R months until 9 months following drug treatment. Therafter no significant change of TBII activities were observed. Antimicrosomal antibodies showed the same pattern of change. There was no statistically significant difference of declining rate of TBII activities, antimicrosomal antibodies, and reduction of size of thyroid between two treatment groups. TBII activities fell into normal range in 15 patients among those 44 patients who had been followed for more than 9 months (8 high dose group, 7 conventional dose group). In those 15 patients, TBII activities and frequency of exophthalmos were less than those whose TBII activity did not normalized. We conclude that TSH receptor antibodies activities and antithyroid autoantibodies are diminished by antithyroid drug treatment in patients with Graves disease and there is no relationship between dose of drug and declining of TBII activities. We suggest that changing levels of TBII activities might be secondary phenomenon which can be achieved by control of thyroid function by antithyroid drug rather than direct immunosuppressive effect of antithyroid drug per se.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Gene profile of fibroblasts identify relation of CCL8 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Lee, Jong-Uk,Cheong, Hyun Sub,Shim, Eun-Young,Bae, Da-Jeong,Chang, Hun Soo,Uh, Soo-Taek,Kim, Young Hoon,Park, Jong-Sook,Lee, Bora,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Park, Choon-Sik BioMed Central 2017 Respiratory research Vol.18 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by the complex interaction of cells involved in chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Global gene expression of a homogenous cell population will identify novel candidate genes.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Gene expression of fibroblasts derived from lung tissues (8 IPF and 4 controls) was profiled, and ontology and functional pathway were analyzed in the genes exhibiting >2 absolute fold changes with <I>p</I>-values < 0.05. <I>CCL8</I> mRNA and protein levels were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA. <I>CCL8</I> localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>One hundred seventy eight genes differentially expressed and 15 genes exhibited >10-fold change. Among them, 13 were novel in relation with IPF. <I>CCL8</I> expression was 22.8-fold higher in IPF fibroblasts. The levels of <I>CCL8</I> mRNA and protein were 3 and 9-fold higher in 14 IPF fibroblasts than those in 10 control fibroblasts by real-time PCR and ELISA (<I>p</I> = 0.022 and <I>p</I> = 0.026, respectively). The <I>CCL8</I> concentrations in BAL fluid was significantly higher in 86 patients with IPF than those in 41 controls, and other interstitial lung diseases including non-specific interstitial pneumonia (<I>n</I> = 22), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (<I>n</I> = 20) and sarcoidosis (<I>n</I> = 19) (<I>p</I> < 0.005, respectively). Cut-off values of 2.29 pg/mL and 0.43 pg/mL possessed 80.2 and 70.7% accuracy for the discrimination of IPF from NC and the other lung diseases, respectively. IPF subjects with <I>CCL8</I> levels >28.61 pg/mL showed shorter survival compared to those with lower levels (<I>p</I> = 0.012). <I>CCL8</I> was expressed by α-SMA-positive cells in the interstitium of IPF.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Transcriptome analysis identified several novel IPF-related genes. Among them, <I>CCL8</I> is a candidate molecule for the differential diagnosis and prediction of survival.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0493-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

소아ㆍ청소년기에 발병한 탈모증의 정신의학적 특성

이길홍,이헌재,이창훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.2

연구목적: 소아 청소년기에 조기 발병한 탈모증과 성인기에 발병한 탈모증 환자들의 개인적 특성이나 탈모 양상, 정신의학적특성, 동반신체질환 및 치료 방법에 관한 비교 분석을 통해 조기 발병탈모증의 치료 및 예방지침을 수립하기 위해 본 연구를 시도하였다. 방법: 1998년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 중앙대학교 용산병언 피부과에 내원하여 정신과로 의뢰된 탈모증 환자 93명(남 40명, 여 53명) 중에서 소아 청소년기에 발병한 31명(남 14명, 여 17명)을 연구대상 집단으로 선정하였고, 성인기에 발병한 탈모증 환자 62명(남 26명, 여 36명)을 대조군으로 선정하여 양군간의 임상 양상의 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSSWIN 9.0V 프로그램을 통해 자료 처리를 하였고, 집단간의 차이는 교차 분석 및 t-검정을 통해 비교 분석 하였다. 결과: 1) 조기에 발병할수록 가을에 출생하고, 환자나 부모의 사회 경제 수준의 높으며, 형제수가 적다. 2) 조기에 발병할수록 전신성 탈모가 많고, 탈모 과거력이 있으며, 3회이상 재발하고, 탈모 정도가 심하며, 탈모기간이 2년 이상 장기간이고, 첫 탈모부위가 두정부이며, 탈모부위가 두군데 이상이고, 치료를 해도 변화가 없거나 악화되고, 치료를 자의 중단하거나 효과가 없어 중단한 경우가 많다. 3) 조기에 발병할수록 가정내 적응이나 인간관계에서 적응상의 어려움을 겪으며, 입시 부담이나 학교생활에서의 변화로 인해 학교 스트레스를 경험한 비율이 높다. 4) 조기에 발병할수록 불안장애가 많고, 불안증상과 우울증상을 많이 호소하며, 인격장애가 있을 때 탈모가 촉진되고, 특히 히스테리성인격이나 의존성인격을 지닐수록 조기에 탈모가 발생한다. 5) 조기에 발병할수록 지루성피부염등 동반 피부질환이 많고, 정신과약물인 alprazolam을 복용하고 있으며, polytar나 tretinoin을 처방한 비율이 높다. 결론: 일차 진료의사인 피부과 의사들은 공존하는 정신장애에 대해 깊은 관심을 갖고, 청소년기 이전부터 조기에 탈모증의 공동 치료 계획을 세워야 한다. Objectives: There have been growing interests about alopecia occured during childhood and adolescence in clinical practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the clinical characteristics of early onset alopecia in order to establish effective psychiatric intervention strategy. Method: The subjects were 31 early onset alopecia patients(14 males, 17 females) and 62 late onset control patients(26 males, 36 females). These patients had visited psychiatric outpatient clinic consulted from the department of dermatology, Yongsan hopital, Chung Ang University, Seoul, Korea, from January 1998 to june 1999. The sociodemographic data, clinical pattern of alopecia, psychiatic characteristics, comorbid physical illnesses and treatment variables were assesed. The data was statistically analyzed using chi-squre test and t-test through SPSSWIN 9.0V. Results: 1) Early onset alopecia patients were more likly born in autum, had fewer siblings, and showed higher economical level of both patient and their parents than late onset patients. 2) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely to show diffuse hair loss, had more experienced past history of alopecia, more frequently had recurrence more than 3 times, were more severely damaged, had longer duration of hair loss had more loss of hairs on the vertex area at onset of alopecia, had more loss of hairs more than 2 areas, and had poorer prognosis such as no change or exacerbation in spite of treatment, spontaneous withdrawal of tratment and lack of efficacy to treatment than late onset patients. 3) Early onset alopecia patients were poorer in their adjustment in family life, or interpersonal relations, and more suffered from school stress such as changes of school life or test stress related with school entrance examination than late onset patients. 4) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely to show erious psychopathlology such as increased rate of the anxiety disorders, of anxiety symptoms or depressive symptoms, and of personality disorders including the hitrionic or the passive traits than late onset patients. 5) Early onset alopecia patients were more likely showed dermatits including seborrheic dermatits, and more significantly responding to the tratment with anti-anxiety drug, such as alprazolam, and dermatological therapies including polytar or tretinin than late onset patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that dermatologists, as primary care physicians, are in unique position to recognize psychiatric comorbidity and to execute earlier intervention, in collaboration with psychiatrists, of early onset alopecia patients.

연구개 및 구개수에 발생한 편평세포암종

이승호,이성훈,김기영,김창룡,박문성,류선열,조규승 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1996 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.18 No.4

Carcinoma of the mouth accounts for approximately 5% of all carcinomas occurring in man. Carcinoma of the oral cavity develops as a result of invasion of malignant epithelial cells through the normally intact basal cell layer into subcutaneous and submucosal tissuse. The sofe palate and uvula may be involved in oral cancer but are not common sites. Early lesions of soft palate carcinoma appear as red, white, or mixed changes in the mucosa. The earliest symptom is mild sore throat. Advanced lesions interfer with swallowing and may cause a voice change. Although surgical method of soft palate carcinoma is successful, prognosis is relatively poor to swallowing and speech problem. Occasionally marginal recurrence may be developed. This article reports a case of squamous cell carcinoma occurred unusually in the soft palate and uvula. The case was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, local radicalexcision and postoperative irradiation. Patient was followed up for 2 years. There was no tumor recurrence. The overall result including function was satisfactory.

Novel Methylation Biomarker for Non-invasive Diagnostics in Lung Cancer

오태정,( Chang Hun Lee2 ),( Min Ki Lee ),( Yeul Hong Kim ),( Sang Yull Lee ),( Hyo Sung Jeon ),( Shin Yup Lee ),( Seung Soo Yoo ),( Jae Yong Park ),( Sung Whan An ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.114 No.-

To identify aberrantly hypermethylated DNA in lung cancer cells we established a genome-wide analysis for hypermethylation sites, namely Methyl DNA Isolation and Amplification (MeDIA) coupled-CpG microarray analysis. In the comprehensive methyaltion profiling analysis between human lung cancer, A549 cells and normal NHBE cells, we observed that several clusters of genes show a significant level of aberrancy in CpG island methylation pattern in cancer cells compared to normal cells. We further identified PCDHGA12 gene as a new marker of non-invasive diagnostics for lung cancer based on followings. 1) Transcription of PCDHGA12 gene is reactivated after treatment of A549 cells with demethylating agent. 2) Bisulfide clonal-sequencing reveals that CpG island of PCDHGA12 shows a distinctive differential methylation between two cell lines. 3) Pyrosequencing-based quantitative methylation assay for such region in tumor and non-tumorous tissues from lung cancer patients shows aberrant hypermethylation in 37 (92%) of the 40 tumor tissues. In clinical validation by pyrosequencingin induced-sputum of lung cancer patients (n=87) and healthy controls (n=51), we observed aberrant hypermethylation incident at significantly elevated level in samples derived from lung cancer patients. According to the optimal threshold calculated by ROC curve analysis, sensitivity and specificity of PCDHGA12 was 86.2% and 82.4%, respectively. PCDHGA12 methylation status could be a potential methylation biomarker alone or combined with others for the screen and the detection of relapse of lung cancer.

Nelder-Mead 심플렉스 알고리듬의 수렴에 관한 수치실험

현창헌,이병기 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.22 No.B

To find the optimal solution as rapidly and exactly as possible with Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm, the present values of the reflection, expansion, contraction and/or shrink parameters of this algorithm are needed to be changed at appropriate time during the search process. The reflection parameter is selected in this study in order to be changed because reflection, expansion and contraction process can be simultaneously effected by only this parameter. Two independent indices for determining whether the present value of the reflection parameter of this algorithm should be changed or not during the search process are suggested in this study. Those indices were made of the equations of Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm's convergence criterion and Dennis-Wood's convergence criterion, repectively. It is appeared that the optimal solution can be find with smaller numbers of objective function evaluation than the original Nelder-Mead's one with fixed parameter when the those indices are used during the search process and the more remarkable reduction effect of the number of an objective function evaluation can be obtained when the latter index is used.