한국 내 조선족 여성의 분거가족 관계에 대한 탐색적 연구

이율이(Yi Yu-le),양성은(Yang Sung-eun) 가정과삶의질학회 2010 가정과삶의질연구 Vol.28 No.4

Selection of a Remote Phosphor Configuration to Enhance the Color Quality of White LEDs

Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh,Phan Xuan Le,Hsiao-Yi Lee 한국광학회 2019 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.3 No.1

The remote phosphor structure has been proven to bear greater luminous efficiency than both the conformal phosphor and in-cup phosphor structures; however, controlling its color quality is much more challenging. To solve this dilemma, various researchers have proposed dual-layer phosphor and triple-layer phosphor configuration as techniques to enhance the display brightness of white LEDs (WLEDs). Likewise, this study picked one of these configurations to utilize in multichip WLEDs with five distinct color temperatures in the range from 5600 to 8500 K, for the purpose of improving the optical properties of WLEDs, such as color rendering index (CRI), color quality scale (CQS), luminous efficacy (LE), and chromatic homogeneity. According to the results of this research, the triple-layer phosphor configuration has superior performance compared to other configurations in terms of CRI, CQS, and LE, and yields higher chromatic stability for WLEDs.

Effects of Rock Dust Particles on Airway Mucus Viscosity

Yi-Yen Tsai,Carlos I. Vazquez,Ruei-Feng Shiu,Ashely K. Garcia,Clarence Le,Priyanka Patel,Mourad Sadqi,Wei-Chun Chin 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.3

Limestone can absorb heat thermal energy from heated gases and release carbon dioxide that has been applied in mines to prevent coal dust explosions. However, the effect of various rock dust particles on altering mucin exocytosis and its rheological properties, leading to concomitant pathological responses, is still unclear. Our research investigated the difference among common rock dusts used in the industry (unmodified limestone (UCRD) and surface modified limestone (MTRD)), their effects on mucin swelling kinetics and airway mucin viscoelastic properties of A549 cells. Our data showed no obvious cytotoxicity on A549 cells with modified and unmodified dust particle exposures. MTRD (modified particles) also demonstrate less harmful effects with less calcium leaching out and cause less disturbance on mucus viscosity compared with UCRD (unmodified particles). Based on the results obtained from this study, modified dust particles provide a better possibility with less interference with airway mucus viscosity and clearance. These findings will provide much needed knowledge and understanding to establish the selection criteria/consideration of rock dusts for the coal industry practical applications.

A statistical approach for the optimization of indium tin oxide films used as a front contact in amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells

Le, A.H.T.,Ahn, S.,Kim, S.,Han, S.,Kim, S.,Park, H.,Nguyen, C.P.T.,Dao, V.A.,Yi, J. Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 Energy conversion and management Vol.87 No.-

In heterojunction silicon with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) solar cells, the excellent opto-electrical properties of indium tin oxide (ITO) front contact play a critical role in attaining high efficiency. Therefore, in this study, we present and demonstrate an effective statistic approach based on combining Taguchi method and Grey relational analysis for the optimization of ITO films. A reduction in the number of experiments by approximately 90% is obtained by the Taguchi method through an orthogonal array. The reproduction of the effect of process parameters on single performance characteristic, however, is still ensured. In addition, an excellent trade-off between electrical and optical properties of ITO films was attained within the selected range of parameters by Grey relational analysis at power density of 0.685W/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, working pressure of 0.4Pa, substrate temperature of 200<SUP>o</SUP>C, and post-annealing temperature of 200<SUP>o</SUP>C in 30min. Under optimal condition, the ITO films showed lowest electrical resistivity of 1.978x10<SUP>-4</SUP>Ωcm, and highest transmittance of 90.322%. The HIT solar cells using these ITO films as a front contact show highest efficiency of 16.616%, yielding a 1.750% absolute increase in efficiency compared to using ITO films with the initial condition. Furthermore, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) is determined to define the process parameters which have a dominant effect on the electrical and optical properties of ITO films. Based on ANOVA, we found that the substrate temperature was a key parameter which critically affects the opto-electrical properties of ITO films.

The Application of “Environmental Auditing” for assessing and developing ecotourism in Vietnam

Le Doan Hoai,Seung-Min Lee,Yu Yi 한국무역연구원 2012 무역연구 Vol.8 No.3

Vietnam is a tropical monsoon climate country, situated within the tropical belt of the northern hemisphere. The location has created a background of heavy rain, high temperature and humidity. The country has a coastline of 3,260 kilometers along the range of Truong Son mountains which is 1,100 kilometers long. Vietnam has 107 forests with a total area of 2,381,791 ha, of which 11 National parks, 61 nature reserves and 34 historical forests. The country has 350 coral species including 95 species in the North Sea and 225 in the Southern Ocean. Besides the natural attractions distinctive features of religion, the archaeological, historical and cultural heritage are factors that create a great advantage in developing Ecotourism in Vietnam. Furthermore, Vietnam is considered as one of sixteen countries with highest biodiversity in a wide range of ecosystem. However, the recent sharp increase in the demand for ecotourism in Vietnam has caused considerable anxiety concerning the destruction of the natural environment. Accordingly, the need for environmental auditing as a tool to monitor the impact of ecotourism on the environment has been stressed not only for environmental protection, but also for the development of ecotourism in Vietnam. For this reason, this study aims to examine the possibility of adopting environmental auditing as a tool for evaluating and developing ecotourism in Vietnam.

Preventive Effect of the Korean Traditional Health Drink (Taemyeongcheong) on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Damage in ICR Mice

Yi, Ruo-Kun,Song, Jia-Le,Lim, Yaung-Iee,Kim, Yong-Kyu,Park, Kun-Young The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2015 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.20 No.1

This study was to investigate the preventive effect of taemyeongcheong (TMC, a Korean traditional health drink) on acetaminophen (APAP, 800 mg/kg BW)-induced hepatic damage in ICR mice. TMC is prepared from Saururus chinensis, Taraxacum officinale, Zingiber officinale, Cirsium setidens, Salicornia herbacea, and Glycyrrhizae. A high dose of TMC (500 mg/kg BW) was found to decrease APAP-induced increases in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase. TMC pretreatment also increased the hepatic levels of hepatic catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione, and reduced serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ and interleukin (IL)-6 in mice administered APAP (P<0.05). TMC (500 mg/kg BW) reduced hepatic mRNA levels of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS by 87%, 84%, 89%, 85%, and 88%, respectively, in mice treated with APAP (P<0.05). Furthermore, histological observations suggested TMC pretreatment dose-dependently prevented APAP-induced hepatocyte damage. These results suggest that TMC could be used as a functional health drink to prevent hepatic damage.

Disruption of Ninjurin1 Leads to Repetitive and Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice

Le, Hoang,Ahn, Bum Ju,Lee, Hye Shin,Shin, Anna,Chae, Sujin,Lee, Sung Yi,Shin, Min Wook,Lee, Eun-Ji,Cha, Jong-Ho,Son, Taekwon,Seo, Ji Hae,Wee, Hee-Jun,Lee, Hyo-Jong,Jang, Yongwoo,Lo, Eng H.,Jeon, Sejin Humana Press 2017 Molecular Neurobiology Vol. No.

<P>Over the last few decades, molecular neurobiology has uncovered many genes whose deficiency in mice results in behavioral traits associated with human neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. However, the etiology of these common diseases remains enigmatic with the potential involvement of a battery of genes. Here, we report abnormal behavioral phenotypes of mice deficient in a cell adhesion molecule Ninjurin 1 (Ninj1), which are relevant to repetitive and anxiety behaviors of neuropsychiatric disorders. Ninj1 knockout (KO) mice exhibit compulsive grooming-induced hair loss and self-made lesions as well as increased anxiety-like behaviors. Histological analysis reveals that Ninj1 is predominantly expressed in cortico-thalamic circuits, and neuron-specific Ninj1 conditional KO mice manifest aberrant phenotypes similar to the global Ninj1 KO mice. Notably, the brains of Ninj1 KO mice display altered synaptic transmission in thalamic neurons as well as a reduced number of functional synapses. Moreover, the disruption of Ninj1 leads to glutamatergic abnormalities, including increased ionotropic glutamate receptors but reduced glutamate levels. Furthermore, chronic treatment with fluoxetine, a drug reportedly ameliorates compulsive behaviors in mice, prevents progression of hair loss and alleviates the compulsive grooming and anxiety-like behavior of Ninj1 KO mice. Collectively, our results suggest that Ninj1 could be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders associated with impairments of repetitive and anxiety behaviors.</P>

Improving the quality of breast ultrasound examination performed by inexperienced ultrasound doctors with synchronous tele-ultrasound: a prospective, parallel controlled trial

Yi-Kang Sun,Xiao-Long Li,Qiao Wang,Bo-Yang Zhou,An-Qi Zhu,Chuan Qin,Le-Hang Guo,Hui-Xiong Xu 대한초음파의학회 2022 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.41 No.2

Purpose: This prospective study explored the value of synchronous tele-ultrasound (US) to aid doctors inexperienced in US with breast US examinations.Methods: In total, 99 patients were enrolled. Two trainee doctors who were inexperienced in US (trainee A [TA] and trainee B [TB]) and one doctor who was an expert in US completed the US examinations sequentially. TA completed the US examinations independently, while TB was instructed by the expert using synchronous tele-US. Subsequently, the expert performed on-site US examinations in person. Separately, they selected the most clinically significant nodule as the target nodule. Consistency with the expert and image quality were compared between TA and TB to evaluate tele-US. Furthermore, TB and the patients evaluated tele-US through questionnaires.Results: TB demonstrated higher consistency with the expert in terms of target nodule selection than TA (93.3% vs. 63.3%, P<0.001). TB achieved good inter-observer agreement (ICC, >0.75) with the expert on five US features (5/9, 55.6%), while TA only did so for one (1/9, 11.1%) (P=0.046). TB’s image quality was higher than TA’s in gray value, time gain compensation, depth, color Doppler adjustment, and the visibility of key information (P=0.018, P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.033, and P=0.006, respectively). The comprehensive assessment score was higher for TB than for TA (3.96±0.82 vs. 3.09±0.87, P<0.001). Tele-US was helpful in 69.7% of US examinations and had a training effect in 68.0%. Furthermore, 63.6% of patients accepted tele-US and 60.6% were willing to pay.Conclusion: Tele-US can help doctors inexperienced in US to perform breast US examinations.

Effects of Corporate Governance on the Performance of Private Economic Groups in Vietnam

Le Quang Canh,Kwang Soo Kim,Yu Yi 한국무역연구원 2014 무역연구 Vol.10 No.6

Using the unique combined dataset of three previous surveys, this paper examines the effects of corporate governance on the performance of large private enterprises in Vietnam. Five measures of corporate governance and three variable proxies for performance are employed to investigate effects of corporate governance on performance. Estimated results show that Chair-CEO duality positively correlates with better performance, and increasing the size of the board of directors is negatively associated with worse performance regardless of performance measures. These empirical effects are the same across sectors, export and import-related enterprises, and between female and male CEO enterprises. Independence of the board has no link to performance of enterprises. Such results contribute to the extant literature by providing empirical evidence and shedding light on understanding the effects of corporate governance on the performance of large private enterprises in Vietnam.

Command Filter-based Backstepping Control for the Speed and Tension System of the Reversible Cold Strip Rolling Mill Using Disturbance Observers

Le Liu,Nuan Shao,Suyan Ding,Yi-ming Fang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.5

This paper investigates the decoupling and coordinated tracking control problem for the speed and tension system of the reversible cold strip rolling mill. Using a diagonal matrix decoupling network and neural network disturbance observers, we propose a command filter-based backstepping control strategy. First, the diagonal matrix decoupling network is constructed to weaken the coupling between the speed and tension of the rolling mill system, which reduces the complexity of the system model effectively. Second, controllers are designed by combining the backstepping with the command filter, which solves the “explosion of complexity” problem in backstepping procedure, and optimizes the system’s control structure. Next, neural network disturbance observers are developed to observe the uncertain items of the system, which improve the tracking control precision of the system effectively. Theoretical analysis shows that all signals in the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, simulation research is carried out on the speed and tension system of a 1422 mm reversible cold strip rolling mill; results show that using the proposed control strategy increased the dynamic response speed of the system by approximately 1s, and the stability precision improved by approximately 2000 N.