Biochemical and anti-inflammatory effect of Ocimum americanum Linn. extracts on gentamicin- and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Larbie Christopher,Nyarko Ruby A.,Oyagbemi Ademola A.,Jarikre Theophilus A.,Adjei Clement O.,Aseidu Emmanuel B.,Mawuenyega Rosemond,Emikpe Benjamin O. 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2021 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.21 No.4

Interest in medicinal plant research and usage has risen due to many reported side effects of synthetic drugs and their relatively higher cost. Ocimum americanum (family Lamiaceae) is a commonly used spice in Ghana with the aqueous extracts of leaves, flowers and stem been rich in saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nephroprotective potential of the aqueous extracts of O. americanum parts on gentamicin- and cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats. In a ten-day experiment, nephrotoxicity was induced with gentamicin (GM; 100 mg/kg b.wt. for 8 days) and cisplatin (Cisp; 6 mg/kg b.wt. for 1 day) after pre-treatment with 250 mg/kg b.wt. of the leaves, stem, and flower extracts of O. americanum and standard drug, silymarin (100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 10 days. The nephroprotective activity was evaluated by assaying the activity of serum kidney function parameter, kidney oxidative stress parameters, kidney inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB and IL-1) and histopathology. The activities of kidney function parameters of animals were significantly increased following Cisp and GM treatment with resultant alteration is kidney microarchitecture, over-expressions of NF-κB and IL1 and kidney oxidative stress markers. Extract pre-treatment restored kidney function to near-normal, downregulating the expressions of IL-1 and NF-κB and improved levels of reduced GSH contents, GPx and SOD activities. However, leaves extract showed the best protection against GM while all extracts showed improved protection (> 50%) against Cisp. Extract of Ocimum americanum exhibit nephroprotective activity and could be developed as a potent kidney protector.

An analytical solution for free vibration of functionally graded beam using a simple first-order shear deformation theory

Larbi, Latifa Ould,Hadji, Lazreg,Meziane, Mohamed Ait Amar,Adda Bedia, E.A. Techno-Press 2018 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.27 No.4

In this paper, a simple first-order shear deformation theory is presented for dynamic behavior of functionally graded beams. Unlike the existing first-order shear deformation theory, the present one contains only three unknowns and has strong similarities with the classical beam theory in many aspects such as equations of motion, boundary conditions, and stress resultant expressions. Equations of motion and boundary conditions are derived from Hamilton's principle. Analytical solutions of simply supported FG beam are obtained and the results are compared with Euler-Bernoulli beam and the other shear deformation beam theory results. Comparison studies show that this new first-order shear deformation theory can achieve the same accuracy of the existing first-order shear deformation theory.

Ameliorative effect of extract of Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex kunth leaves against CCl4 - and acetaminophen—induced liver damage in rats

Larbie C.,Emikpe B. O.,Akpor S. A.,Adams E.,Adjei C. O.,Oyagbemi A. A.,Jarikre T. A. 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.4

Liver diseases have continued to be a major health problem in the world’s population with drug-induced liver damage as one of the causes. Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth is an ornamental plant and almost all parts of this plant are of medicinal importance. It exhibits strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and wound healing activities. This study was conducted to assess the hepatoprotective effects of hydroethanolic extract of Tecoma stans (TSE) against acetaminophenand CCl4- induced liver damage in rats. CCl4 (1 ml/kg body weight dissolved in olive oil) and acetaminophen (500 mg/kg b.wt) was used to induce hepatotoxicity in the animals. Animals were treated with TSE (dose: 100 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg b.wt) and standard drug, silymarin (100 mg/kg), for 7 days. Biochemical parameters such as ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin (total and indirect), serum proteins (total protein, album and globulin), total cholesterol and triglycerides, creatinine and urea were evaluated. Also, liver histology and oxidative stress assessment were conducted. Significant increases in the major indicators of liver toxicity were observed in the paracetamol and CCl4 only group when compared to the normal. Levels of these biochemical parameters were reduced after the administration TSE (250 mg/kg) and the silymarin (100 mg/kg). The biochemical assessment was supported by histological observations. TSE has shown to possess significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties in the current study.

Effect of Thermal Aging on the Electrical Characteristics of XLPE for HV Cables

Larbi Boukezzi,Ahmed Boubakeur 한국전기전자재료학회 2018 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.19 No.5

This work highlights the eff ect of thermal aging on the commonly studied electrical properties of cross-linked polyethylenedevoted to be used in the HV cables insulation. The obtained results show the great eff ect of thermal aging on the electricalproperties of the polymer especially for aging temperatures situated above the melting temperature of the material. On theother part, it is believed that the degradation degree is related to the applied temperature. Hence, the degradation process hasbeen occurred in fast way as the temperature is higher. The almost deterioration markers in the dielectric behavior can beattributed to both the chemical and physical changes. The main chemical changes are the bulk thermo-oxidation degradationleading to the enhancement of dipoles and carbonyl groups concentration which disturbs the dielectric properties leading tothe failure of the material. The physical changes result from the changes in the ratio of crystalline to amorphous parts in thematerial. Both changes have something to do it together in the life time reduction of the XLPE insulation.

Measurement and simulation of pollutant emissions from marine diesel combustion engine and their reduction by exhaust gas recirculation

Nader Larbi,Jamel Bessrour 대한기계학회 2008 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.22 No.11

Taking into account the complexity and cost of a direct experimental approach, the recourse to simulation, which can also predict inaccessible information by measurement, offers an effective and fast alternative to apprehend the problem of pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines. An analytical model based on detailed chemical kinetics employed to calculate the pollutant emissions of a marine Diesel engine in general gave satisfactory results compared to experimentally measured results. Especially, the nitric oxide (NO) emission values were found to be higher than the limiting values tolerated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Thus, this study was undertaken to reduce to the maximum these emissions. The reduction of pollutant emissions is apprehended with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).

Bending and buckling analyses of functionally graded material (FGM) size-dependent nanoscale beams including the thickness stretching effect

Fouzia Larbi Chaht,Abdelouahed Tounsi,Abdelhakim Kaci,Mohammed Sid Ahmed Houari,S. R. Mahmoud,O. Anwar Bég 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.2

This paper addresses theoretically the bending and buckling behaviors of size-dependent nanobeams made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) including the thickness stretching effect. The size-dependent FGM nanobeam is investigated on the basis of the nonlocal continuum model. The nonlocal elastic behavior is described by the differential constitutive model of Eringen, which enables the present model to become effective in the analysis and design of nanostructures. The present model incorporates the length scale parameter (nonlocal parameter) which can capture the small scale effect, and furthermore accounts for both shear deformation and thickness stretching effects by virtue of a sinusoidal variation of all displacements through the thickness without using shear correction factor. The material properties of FGM nanobeams are assumed to vary through the thickness according to a power law. The governing equations and the related boundary conditions are derived using the principal of minimum total potential energy. A Navier-type solution is developed for simply-supported boundary conditions, and exact expressions are proposed for the deflections and the buckling load. The effects of nonlocal parameter, aspect ratio and various material compositions on the static and stability responses of the FGM nanobeam are discussed in detail. The study is relevant to nanotechnology deployment in for example aircraft structures.

Influence of harvest season and different polarity solvents on biological activities, phenolic compounds and lipid-soluble pigment contents of Spirogyra sp. from Algeria

Belyagoubi Larbi,Belyagoubi-Benhammou Nabila,Atik-Bekkara Fawzia,Abdelouahid Djamel Eddine 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Effects of extraction solvent and harvest period on phytochemical analysis and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts obtained from the freshwater macroalga, Spirogyra sp. were evaluated. The experiment lasted five months, where five crude extracts were obtained by maceration using different solvents: hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone and methanol. Higher values of yields were recorded in methanolic extracts on February (7.304%) and March (4.812%). All extracts were rich in proanthocyanidins compared to total phenolics and flavonoids. The total amounts of carotenoids were very low (0.060 ± 0001 to 0.171 ± 0.005 mg/g) compared to chlorophylls which were higher in February (6.365 ± 0.075 mg/g) and in March (5.501 ± 0.118 mg/g). The antioxidant activities indicated that the chloroformic and dichloromethanic extracts of February and March exhibited a good activity. The correlation using the Pearson test of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity tests have confirmed the strong contribution of flavonoids and proanthocyanidins. The greatest antimicrobial activity was found in hexanic extracts at 0.1 to 1 mg/disk. The present findings suggest that Spirogyra sp. can be exploited not only for human health, but also for screening new economic natural antioxidants that could be used in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.

Numerical Study of Passive and Active Flow Separation Behavior over NACA 0015 Airfoil

Mouhamed Larbi,Tayeb Yahiaoui,Mustapha Belkadi,Lahouari Adjlout,Omar Ladjedel,Ond?ej ?ikula 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.2

In this paper, numerical investigations are performed to analyze the flow behavior over NACA0015 and the efficiency of vortex generators VGs (triangular and rectangular in shape) and continuous jet as passive and active control devices are evaluated. The unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations of the turbulent flow are solved using, k-ω SST provided by the ANSYS CFX-CFD code. The model presented in this paper is a comprehensive representation of the information available in the literature. Validation shows a qualitatively good agreement with previous researches, and almost all flow structures are well reproduced by the computation. The results confirm that the vortex generators can influence flow separation and thus improve the aerodynamic performance of NACA0015 airfoil. The results show that the triangular VGs that include jet are more efficient than the triangular and rectangular VGs.

Effects of replacing fish oil with palm oil in diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on muscle biochemical composition, enzyme activities, and mRNA expression of growth-related genes

Christian Larbi Ayisi,Jinliang Zhao,Chen Yame,Andrews Apraku,Grace Debra 한국수산과학회 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.4

Background: Due to the continuous demand for fish coupled with decline in capture fisheries, there is the need to increase aquaculture production to meet the demand. Aquaculture is faced with high cost of feeding since fish oil and fish meal are expensive. In view of this, there are calls to explore alternatives that are cheap and reliable. Objectives: This study on Oreochromis niloticus was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with palm oil (PO) at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% on muscle fatty acid and proximate composition as well as growthrelated enzyme activities and mRNA expression. Methods: Oreochromis niloticus were fed five experimental diets (33% crude protein and 10% crude lipid) for 8 weeks. Feed had variation in fish oil and palm oil contents. After the 8 weeks feeding trial, five fish were sampled from each tank (15 from each treatment) and euthanized using an excess dose of tricaine methane sulfonate (MS- 222 at 200 mg/L). Fatty acid and enzyme activities were analyzed using standard protocols. Also, RT-qPCR was used to quantify the expression levels of selected growth-related genes. Results: Fish fed 25% PO recorded the least muscle protein content and was significantly lower than the group fed 100% PO. Paired box protein 7 (Pax-7) enzyme activity was significantly higher in the group fed 50% PO compared to the groups fed 25% PO and 100% PO, while caplain-3 (Capn-3) was significantly lower in the group fed 0% PO compared to all other groups. There was a significant difference among treatments with respect to mRNA expression of Pax-7 and Capn-3. Group fed 25% PO had significantly lower mRNA expression of Pax-7, while the group fed 75% PO recorded significantly higher mRNA expression of Capn-3 compared to groups fed 0% PO, 25% PO, and 100% PO. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that Igf-I and Igf-II mRNA expression have significant correlation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids content in muscle. Conclusion: The results suggest muscle protein content could be modified if FO is replaced with PO. Also, mRNA expression of Pax-7 and Capn-3 is affected by replacing FO with PO.

Effects of replacing fish oil with palm oil in diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on muscle biochemical composition, enzyme activities, and mRNA expression of growth-related genes

Ayisi, Christian Larbi,Zhao, Jinliang,Yame, Chen,Apraku, Andrews,Debra, Grace The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.11

Background: Due to the continuous demand for fish coupled with decline in capture fisheries, there is the need to increase aquaculture production to meet the demand. Aquaculture is faced with high cost of feeding since fish oil and fish meal are expensive. In view of this, there are calls to explore alternatives that are cheap and reliable. Objectives: This study on Oreochromis niloticus was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with palm oil (PO) at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% on muscle fatty acid and proximate composition as well as growthrelated enzyme activities and mRNA expression. Methods: Oreochromis niloticus were fed five experimental diets (33% crude protein and 10% crude lipid) for 8 weeks. Feed had variation in fish oil and palm oil contents. After the 8 weeks feeding trial, five fish were sampled from each tank (15 from each treatment) and euthanized using an excess dose of tricaine methane sulfonate (MS-222 at 200 mg/L). Fatty acid and enzyme activities were analyzed using standard protocols. Also, RT-qPCR was used to quantify the expression levels of selected growth-related genes. Results: Fish fed 25% PO recorded the least muscle protein content and was significantly lower than the group fed 100% PO. Paired box protein 7 (Pax-7) enzyme activity was significantly higher in the group fed 50% PO compared to the groups fed 25% PO and 100% PO, while caplain-3 (Capn-3) was significantly lower in the group fed 0% PO compared to all other groups. There was a significant difference among treatments with respect to mRNA expression of Pax-7 and Capn-3. Group fed 25% PO had significantly lower mRNA expression of Pax-7, while the group fed 75% PO recorded significantly higher mRNA expression of Capn-3 compared to groups fed 0% PO, 25% PO, and 100% PO. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that Igf-I and Igf-II mRNA expression have significant correlation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids content in muscle. Conclusion: The results suggest muscle protein content could be modified if FO is replaced with PO. Also, mRNA expression of Pax-7 and Capn-3 is affected by replacing FO with PO.