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Comparative Study on the Weldability of Different Shipbuilding Steels
Laitinen, R.,Porter, D.,Dahmen, M.,Kaierle, S.,Poprawe, R. The Korean Welding and Joining Society 2002 International journal of Korean welding society Vol.2 No.2
A comparison of the welding performance of ship hull structural steels has been made. The weldability of steels especially designed for laser processing was compared to that of conventional hull and structural steels with plate thicknesses up to 12 mm. Autogenous laser beam welding was used to weld butt joints as well as skid and stake welded T-joints. The welds were assessed in accordance with the document "The Classification Societies" Requirements for Approval of $CO_2$ Laser Welding Procedures" Small imperfections in the weld only grew slightly in root bend tests and they only had a minor influence on the fatigue properties of laser fillet welded joints. In Charpy impact tests, the 27 J transition temperature of the weld metal and HAZ ranged from below -60 to $-50^{\circ}C$. The amount of martensite in the weld metal depended on the carbon equivalent of the steel with the highest amounts and highest hardness levels in conventional EH 36 (389 HV 5). Thermomechanically rolled steels contained less martensite and showed a correspondingly lower maximum hardness.ximum hardness.
Tiina Laitinen,Satu Ojala,Renaud Cousin,Niina Koivikko,Christophe Poupin,Zouhair El Assal,Atte Aho,Riitta L. Keiski 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.83 No.-
In this study, activity, selectivity and stability of vanadium catalysts supported on zirconia, hafnia, andalumina were examined in the oxidation of methanethiol and methanol to formaldehyde. The 3 wt-%vanadia–alumina catalyst with low VOx surface density showed the highest activity in the formaldehydeproduction. However, during the stability test, this catalyst deactivated due to the change in the oxidationstate of vanadium from V5+ to V4+, decrease the amount of surface vanadium species and the formation ofsulphates on the material surface. Zirconia and hafnia supported catalysts with high VOx surface densitydemonstrated better stability in the reaction conditions, but their activity in the formaldehydeproduction was lower. One reason for the lower activity might be the formation of metal-mixed oxidephases between vanadia and the support, which could also explain the decreased sulphur deposition onzirconia and hafnia after vanadium impregnation.
Murat Gunduz,Heikki Laitinen 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.22 No.2
There is an essential need for a systemized and objective site safety performance measurement method. The method also needs to cover the positive aspects of safety management perspectives considering that traditional methods mainly concentrate on improving negative aspects of safety management practices. The TR method is a standardized safety monitoring method which takes positive safety management practices into account. This paper introduces the application of the TR method to the construction industry with modifications. It presents the outcome of the TR application on SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) for a period of almost two years. The improvement of the TR Index values in construction SMEs presents a practical validation for the TR Safety Index Method.
Mechatronic Architecture Development of UX-1
Soheil Zavari,Olli Usenius,Tuomas Salomaa,Jose Villa Escusol,Arttu Heininen,Jouko Laitinen,Jussi Aaltonen,Kari T.Koskinen 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
This paper presents novel design of underwater robot for exploring abandoned mines. The hazardous environment of such mines due to unknown hydrodynamic forces and faulty navigations, brings the need of developing a reliable system able to be controlled autonomously. This capability highly rely on the basis of low level control and mechatronic architecture of the robot which demonstrate robot potential for performing real-time operations. Following, describes rapid prototyping during development phase of the robot. Further, it investigates on mechatronic development of main controller unit, propulsion system and ballast.
Kocharov, Leon,Pohjolainen, Silja,Mishev, Alexander,Reiner, Mike J.,Lee, Jeongwoo,Laitinen, Timo,Didkovsky, Leonid V.,Pizzo, Victor J.,Kim, Roksoon,Klassen, Andreas,Karlicky, Marian,Cho, Kyung-Suk,Gar American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.839 No.2
<P>We analyze the high-energy particle emission from the Sun in two extreme solar particle events. in which protons are accelerated to relativistic energies and can cause a significant signal even in the ground-based particle detectors. Analysis of a relativistic proton event is based on modeling of the particle transport and interaction, from a near-Sun source through the solar wind and the Earth's magnetosphere and atmosphere to a detector on the ground. This allows us to deduce the time profile of the proton source at the Sun and compare it with observed electromagnetic emissions. The 1998 May 2 event is associated with a. flare and a coronal mass ejection (CME), which were well observed by the Nancay Radioheliograph, thus. the images of the. radio sources are available. For the 2003 November 2 event, the low corona images of the CME liftoff obtained at the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory. are available. Those complementary data sets are analyzed jointly with the broadband dynamic radio spectra, EUV images, and other data available for both events. We find a common scenario for both eruptions, including the flare's dual impulsive phase, the CME-launch-associated decimetric-continuum burst, and the late, low-frequency type III radio bursts at the time of the relativistic proton injection into the interplanetary medium. The analysis supports the idea that the two considered events start with emission of relativistic protons previously accelerated during the flare and CME launch, then trapped in large-scale magnetic loops and later released by the expanding CME.</P>