Tracing New Occupational Diseases, an Introduction

Van Der Laan, Gert Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2012 Safety and health at work Vol.3 No.1

Radwaste management aspects of the test blanket systems in ITER

van der Laan, J.G.,Canas, D.,Chaudhari, V.,Iseli, M.,Kawamura, Y.,Lee, D.W.,Petit, P.,Pitcher, C.S.,Torcy, D.,Ugolini, D.,Zhang, H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Fusion engineering and design Vol.109 No.1

Test Blanket Systems (TBS) will be operated in ITER in order to prepare the next steps towards fusion power generation. After the initial operation in H/He plasmas, the introduction of D and T in ITER will mark the transition to nuclear operation. The significant fusion neutron production will give rise to nuclear heating and tritium breeding in the in-vessel part of the TBS. The management of the activated and tritiated structures of the TBS from operation in ITER is described. The TBS specific features like tritium breeding and power conversion at elevated temperatures, and the use of novel materials require a dedicated approach, which could be different to that needed for the other ITER equipment.

Uniform nomenclature for the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system

Pfanner, Nikolaus,van der Laan, Martin,Amati, Paolo,Capaldi, Roderick A.,Caudy, Amy A.,Chacinska, Agnieszka,Darshi, Manjula,Deckers, Markus,Hoppins, Suzanne,Icho, Tateo,Jakobs, Stefan,Ji, Jianguo,Kozj The Rockefeller University Press 2014 The Journal of cell biology Vol.204 No.7

<P>The mitochondrial inner membrane contains a large protein complex that functions in inner membrane organization and formation of membrane contact sites. The complex was variably named the mitochondrial contact site complex, mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system, mitochondrial organizing structure, or Mitofilin/Fcj1 complex. To facilitate future studies, we propose to unify the nomenclature and term the complex “mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system” and its subunits Mic10 to Mic60.</P>

Changes in the Thebaine Content of Papaver bracteatum Lindl. after Colchicine Treatment of the Seeds

Berit Smestad Paulsen,Jens K. Wold,Morten M. Laane Tuva Haugli,Arnold Nordal 한국생약학회 1989 생약학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Of the Papaveraceae, Papaver somniferum is the most important from a medical and pharmaceutical point of view, since it produces morphine and other alkaloids. 90-95% of the legally produced morphine is used for production of codeine. As P. somniferum and morphine are responsible for a great proportion of the world`s drug problem, a great effort has been made to find other sources for the production of codeine. The Iranian mountain-poppy, P. bracteatum, is producing thebaine as the main alkaloid. Since thebaine also can be converted into codeine, it was of interest to study the production of thebaine in P. bracteatum and try to develop a plant giving a higher yield of thebaine than normally obtained. Seeds of P. bracteatum were treated either with γ-radiation or colchicine in order to create a change in the genetic material in such a way that the production of thebaine is increased. This treatment resulted in several plants giving higher yields of thebaine, and by cultivating plants after vegetative cloning, we obtained plants producing up to 17% thebaine in the capsula. A method for quantitative determination of thebaine has also been developed.

Enhanced spin-orbit torque by engineering Pt resistivity in Pt/Co/AlOx structures

Lee, Jae Wook,Oh, Young-Wan,Park, Seung-Young,Figueroa, Adriana I.,van der Laan, Gerrit,Go, Gyungchoon,Lee, Kyung-Jin,Park, Byong-Guk American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.96 No.6

<P>The magnetization direction in heavy-metal (HM)/ferromagnet bilayers can be electrically controlled by spin-orbit torque (SOT); however, the efficiency of the SOT which depends on the spin-orbit coupling of the HM layer or its spin-Hall angle has to be improved further for actual applications. In this study, we report a significant enhancement of the spin-Hall effect of Pt and resultant SOT in Pt/Co/AlOx structures by controlling the Pt resistivity. We observed that the effective spin-Hall angle increases about three times as the resistivity of Pt layer is increased 1.6 times by changing the Ar deposition pressure from 3 to 50 mTorr. This enhancement in effective spin-Hall angle is confirmed by the reduction in the critical current for SOT-induced magnetization switching. Furthermore, x-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis reveals a non-negligible contribution of the interfacial spin-orbit coupling to the effective spin-Hall angle. Our result, the efficient control of effective spin Hall angle by controlling the HM resistivity, paves the way to improved switching efficiency in SOT-active devices.</P>

Prevention of Occupational Diseases in Turkey: Deriving Lessons From Journey of Surveillance

Sen, Seyhan,Barlas, GulSen,YakiStiran, Selcuk,Derin, ilknur G.,Serifi, Berna A.,Ozlu, Ahmet,Braeckman, lutgart,laan, Gert van der,Dijk, Frank van Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.4

Introduction: To prevent and manage the societal and economic burden of occupational diseases (ODs), countries should develop strong prevention policies, health surveillance and registry systems. This study aims to contribute to the improvement of OD surveillance at national level as well as to identify priority actions in Turkey. Methods: The history and current status of occupational health studies were considered from the perspective of OD surveillance. Interpretative research was done through literature review on occupational health at national, regional and international level. Analyses were focused on countries' experiences in policy development and practice, roles and responsibilities of institutions, multidisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration. OD surveillance models of Turkey, Belgium and the Netherlands were examined through exchange visits. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to explore the peculiarities of legislative and institutional structures, the best and worst practices, and approach principles. Results: Some countries are more focused on exploring OD trends through effective and cost-efficient researches, with particular attention to new and emerging ODs. Other countries try to reach every single case of OD for compensation and rehabilitation. Each practice has advantages and shortcomings, but they are not mutually exclusive, and thus an effective combination is possible. Conclusion: Effective surveillance and registry approaches play a key role in the prevention of ODs. A well-designed system enables monitoring and assessment of OD prevalence and trends, and adoption of preventive measures while improving the effectiveness of redressing and compensation. A robust surveillance does not only provide protection of workers' health but also advances prevention of economic losses.

Direct Detection of Pure ac Spin Current by X-Ray Pump-Probe Measurements

Li, J.,Shelford, L. R.,Shafer, P.,Tan, A.,Deng, J. X.,Keatley, P. S.,Hwang, C.,Arenholz, E.,van der Laan, G.,Hicken, R. J.,Qiu, Z. Q. American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review Letters Vol.117 No.7

Prevention of Occupational Diseases in Turkey: Deriving Lessons From Journey of Surveillance

Seyhan Şen,Güls¸ en Barlas,Selçuk Yakıs¸ tıran,_Ilknur G. Derin,Berna A. S¸ erifi,Ahmet Özlü,Lutgart Braeckman,Gert van der Laan,Frank van Dijk 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2019 Safety and health at work Vol.10 No.4

Introduction: To prevent and manage the societal and economic burden of occupational diseases (ODs), countries should develop strong prevention policies, health surveillance and registry systems. This study aims to contribute to the improvement of OD surveillance at national level as well as to identify priority actions in Turkey. Methods: The history and current status of occupational health studies were considered from the perspective of OD surveillance. Interpretative research was done through literature review on occupational health at national, regional and international level. Analyses were focused on countries’ experiences in policy development and practice, roles and responsibilities of institutions, multidisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration. OD surveillance models of Turkey, Belgium and the Netherlands were examined through exchange visits. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to explore the peculiarities of legislative and institutional structures, the best and worst practices, and approach principles. Results: Some countries are more focused on exploring OD trends through effective and cost-efficient researches, with particular attention to new and emerging ODs. Other countries try to reach every single case of OD for compensation and rehabilitation. Each practice has advantages and shortcomings, but they are not mutually exclusive, and thus an effective combination is possible. Conclusion: Effective surveillance and registry approaches play a key role in the prevention of ODs. A well-designed system enables monitoring and assessment of OD prevalence and trends, and adoption of preventive measures while improving the effectiveness of redressing and compensation. A robust surveillance does not only provide protection of workers’ health but also advances prevention of economic losses.

An Organotypic Human Lymph Node Model Reveals the Importance of Fibroblastic Reticular Cells for Dendritic Cell Function

Morrison Andrew I.,Mikula Aleksandra M.,Spiekstra Sander W.,de Kok Michael,Affandi Alsya J.,Roest Henk P.,van der Laan Luc J. W.,de Winde Charlotte M.,Koning Jasper J.,Gibbs Susan,Mebius Reina E. 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2024 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.21 No.3

Background: Human lymph node (HuLN) models have emerged with invaluable potential for immunological research and therapeutic application given their fundamental role in human health and disease. While fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are instrumental to HuLN functioning, their inclusion and recognition of importance for organotypic in vitro lymphoid models remain limited. Methods: Here, we established an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) model in a collagen-fibrin hydrogel with primary FRCs and a dendritic cell (DC) cell line (MUTZ-3 DC). To study and characterise the cellular interactions seen in this 3D FRC-DC organotypic model compared to the native HuLN; flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and cytokine/chemokine analysis were performed. Results: FRCs were pivotal for survival, proliferation and localisation of MUTZ-3 DCs. Additionally, we found that CD1a expression was absent on MUTZ-3 DCs that developed in the presence of FRCs during cytokine-induced MUTZ-3 DC differentiation, which was also seen with primary monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). This phenotype resembled HuLN-resident DCs, which we detected in primary HuLNs, and these CD1a− MUTZ-3 DCs induced T cell proliferation within a mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR), indicating a functional DC status. FRCs expressed podoplanin (PDPN), CD90 (Thy-1), CD146 (MCAM) and Gremlin-1, thereby resembling the DC supporting stromal cell subset identified in HuLNs. Conclusion: This 3D FRC-DC organotypic model highlights the influence and importance of FRCs for DC functioning in a more realistic HuLN microenvironment. As such, this work provides a starting point for the development of an in vitro HuLN. Background: Human lymph node (HuLN) models have emerged with invaluable potential for immunological research and therapeutic application given their fundamental role in human health and disease. While fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are instrumental to HuLN functioning, their inclusion and recognition of importance for organotypic in vitro lymphoid models remain limited. Methods: Here, we established an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) model in a collagen-fibrin hydrogel with primary FRCs and a dendritic cell (DC) cell line (MUTZ-3 DC). To study and characterise the cellular interactions seen in this 3D FRC-DC organotypic model compared to the native HuLN; flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and cytokine/chemokine analysis were performed. Results: FRCs were pivotal for survival, proliferation and localisation of MUTZ-3 DCs. Additionally, we found that CD1a expression was absent on MUTZ-3 DCs that developed in the presence of FRCs during cytokine-induced MUTZ-3 DC differentiation, which was also seen with primary monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). This phenotype resembled HuLN-resident DCs, which we detected in primary HuLNs, and these CD1a− MUTZ-3 DCs induced T cell proliferation within a mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR), indicating a functional DC status. FRCs expressed podoplanin (PDPN), CD90 (Thy-1), CD146 (MCAM) and Gremlin-1, thereby resembling the DC supporting stromal cell subset identified in HuLNs. Conclusion: This 3D FRC-DC organotypic model highlights the influence and importance of FRCs for DC functioning in a more realistic HuLN microenvironment. As such, this work provides a starting point for the development of an in vitro HuLN.