Post-Communist Systemic Change: Lessons for East Asia

( László Csaba ) 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2019 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.7 No.2

With the North Korean waves of armament race in 2017-19, noted by the diplomacy of the Trump Administration, de-nuclearization has become a top priority for the Korean peninsula. In the meantime potentials for economic reforms in North Korea, perhaps even to the point of systemic change, are still open issues, as the need to feed people and improve the dismal economic performance remains high on the agenda. What lessons might be learned from the systemic change of Central and Eastern Europe for the context of East Asia? Implications based on International Relation (IR) theory are suggested.

Early Return to Play After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Is It Worth the Risk?

László Török,Péter Jávor,Katalin Török,Ferenc Rárosi,Petra Hartmann 대한재활의학회 2022 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.46 No.2

Objective To compare the outcomes of a 6-month-long accelerated rehabilitation with a 12-month-long rehabilitation. There is no consensus on the optimal duration of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Trends in the past decades have shifted towards accelerated programs, often resulting in a return to play (RTP) at 4–6 months, postoperatively. However, longer rehabilitation cycles have recently experienced renaissance due to a greater understanding of graft remodeling. Methods Adult athletes who underwent ACLR between 2015 and 2018 by the same surgeon were included and followed-up prospectively for 24 months. Participants were allocated into two groups based on their RTP (6 months vs. 12 months) and compared with graft elongation, reoperation rate, and sports career (quit or continue) outcomes. Results Fifty-four patients underwent accelerated rehabilitation and 92 completed conventional rehabilitation. The accelerated rehabilitation was significantly associated with graft elongation—the accelerated rehabilitation group (n=9) and the conventional rehabilitation group (n=0), p<0.001—and need for reoperation—the accelerated rehabilitation group (n=5) and the conventional rehabilitation group (n=1), p=0.026. Although the relationship between rehabilitation time and quitting competitive sports did not reach significance at 0.05 level (p=0.063), it was significant when p<0.1, thereby showing a clear trend. Conclusion Accelerated rehabilitation increased graft elongation risk. Knee laxity ≥3 mm measured at 6 months after ACLR should be accompanied by RTP time frame re-evaluation. Arthrometry checkups or routine magnetic resonance imaging shortly after RTP may be considered in cases of accelerated rehabilitation.

Identification of V-belt power losses with temperature measurement

László Kátai,István Szabó 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.8

The efficiency of V-belt drives is determined by several factors collectively: the slip occurring during drive transmission, the externalfriction occurring when the belt enters and exits the pulley as well as the hysteresis loss resulting from inner friction. An experimentalapparatus and calculation method was developed in order to determine the increase in temperature emerging from the contact of the beltand the pulley in idling mode. The tested V-belt piece was bent on a pulley performing alternating motion while the temperature of theV-belt was measured. During the testing the temperature generated in the V-belt was measured as a function of changes in three parameters(Pretension, diameter of pulley and bending frequency). On the one hand, the temperature generated in the V-belt can be estimatedwith the assistance of the function determined on the basis of the testing results. On the other hand the so-called damping factor characterizingthe contact with the pulley (The external friction when entering and exiting the groove) and the hysteresis loss (Inner friction) arealso determined. On the basis of the damping factor (x≈400 Ns/m2) of the V-belt involved in the experiments the other losses (Poth) occurringfrom the pulley-V-belt contact and internal friction may be estimated. With the help of the mathematical models defined for thepulley diameter and belt frequency, taking into consideration the minimization of heat generation, optimal parameters can be calculatedthat serve as beneficial references for designing and tuning V-belt drives.

Application of carbon nanotube coated aluminosilicate beads as “support on support” catalyst for hydrogenation of nitrobenzene

László Vanyorek,Ádám Prekob,EmÅke Sikora,Edina Reizer,Gábor Muránszky,Ferenc Kristály,Béla Viskolcz,Béla Fiser 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.79 No.-

Nitrogen-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotube (N-BCNT) coating was synthesized onto the surface ofzeolite beads by using Catalytic Chemical Vapour Deposition (CCVD) method to develop a “support onsupport” (SoS) system. These complex structured materials were used as supports during the preparationof hydrogenation catalysts. Rhodium, palladium and platinum nanoparticles were depositedhomogeneously onto the surface of the N-BCNTs of the SoS (final metal content 2 wt%). The catalyticactivity of these samples was compared in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. The Pt/N-BCNT-zeolitesample was the most active (182 mol nitrobenzene after 30 min). The activity of the other two catalysts at20 bar was well below this value, 99.5 mol after 60 min and 96 mol after 120 min for Pd and Rh,respectively. The aniline selectivity was different for the three catalysts and they facilitate the formationof various by-products (e.g. N-methylaniline, cyclohexylamine). The usage of the Pd and Pt/NBCNT-zeolite catalysts are more convenient, as only one main by-product was formed. It was confirmedthat the zeolite supported N-BCNTs are efficient catalyst supports in hydrogenation processes. Furthermore, by using this special SoS structure to support the catalytic metals the applicability iswidened and the catalyst removal is easier.

Analysis of low Reynolds number flow around a heated circular cylinder

László Baranyi,Szilárd Szabó,Betti Bolló,Róbert Bordás 대한기계학회 2009 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.23 No.7

The objective of this study is to investigate the forced convection from and the flow around a heated cylinder. Experimental and computational results are presented for laminar flow around a heated circular cylinder with a diameter of 10 mm. The experiments were carried out using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) in a wind tunnel, and numerical simulations using an in-house code and a commercial software package, FLUENT. This paper presents comparisons for vorticity and temperature contours in the wake of the cylinder. Experimental and computational results are compared with those available in the literature for heated and unheated cylinders. An equation is suggested for a temperature-dependent coefficient defining a reference temperature to be used in place of the constant used in other studies. An attempt is also made to correct differences between average cylinder surface temperature and measured interior temperature of the cylinder.

Electron beam treatment for eliminating the antimicrobial activity of piperacillin in wastewater matrix

László Szabó,Orsolya Gyenes,Júlia Szabó,Krisztina Kovács,András Kovács,Gabriella Kiskó,Ágnes Belák,Csilla Mohácsi-Farkas,Erzsébet Takács,László Wojnárovits 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.58 No.-

Effluents of wastewater treatment plants represent critical control points for antibiotic resistancemanagement. To meet strict regulations coming into effect in the future advanced technologies need tobe implemented that can remove the factors contributing to the development of resistance in receivingnatural environments. By performing microbiological assays we show that electron beam treatment of acomplex synthetic effluent wastewater matrix is able to eliminate one of these factors, the antimicrobialactivity of the b-lactam antibiotic piperacillin present at environmentally relevant concentration. SinceOH governs the antibacterial inactivation the technology needs to be designed to the stoichiometricpresence of OH.

Small Angle Neutron Scattering Study of Nanostructural Changes in Microbial Transglutaminase-treated Low-fat Yogurt during Fermentation

Lívia Darnay,Adél Len,Ágota Koncz,László Friedrich,László Rosta 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.6

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies of fermentation of bovine milk with and without microbial transglutaminase (mTG) are described. Use of mTG increased the quality of low-fat yogurt via cross-linking of milk proteins. The SANS method was suitable for simultaneous characterization of the fermentation process and the effect of mTG. A decrease of whey protein release into the supernatant of centrifuged low-fat yogurt samples showed how mTG was capable to cross-link them already after 1 h of fermentation. The applied SANS method can be used to follow the sol-gel transformation of fermented dairy products in general. Moreover it can be a special tool for detecting the activity of mTG during fermentation of low-fat yogurts.

Ultrasonic preparation of mesoporous silica using pyridinium ionic liquid

László Almásy,Ana-Maria Putz,Adél Len,Catalin Ianăşi,Cecilia Savii 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.3

Mesoporous silica matrices have been prepared via classic acid catalyzed and sono-catalyzed sol-gel routes. Tetramethoxysilan (TMOS) and methyl-trimethoxysilane (MTMS) were used as silica precursors, and N-butyl-3-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([bmPy][BF4]) was employed as co-solvent and pore template. The ionic liquid (IL) to silica mole ratio was varied between 0.007 and 0.07. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption and small-angle neutron scattering measurements were used to characterize the obtained materials. The ionic liquid played the role of catalyst that affected the formation of the primary xerogel particles, and changed the porosity of the materials. Ultrasound treatment resulted in microstructure change on the level of the colloid particle aggregates. In comparison with IL containing xerogels, the IL containing sonogels show increased pore diameter, bigger pore volumes and diminished surface areas.

Remains of Socialism: Memory and the Futures of the Past in Post- socialist Hungary by Maya Nadkarni (review)

László Kürti 한국외국어대학교(글로벌캠퍼스) 러시아연구소 2021 REGION Vol.10 No.2

Selective hydrogenation of benzonitrile and its homologues to primary amines over platinum

Krisztina Lévay,Tamás Kárpáti,László Heged}us 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.101 No.-

Various supported precious metal (Pt, Rh, Ru, Ir) catalysts have been screened in the reduction of benzonitrile(BN), benzyl cyanide (BC) and 3-phenylpropionitrile (PPN) to benzylamine (BA), 2-phenylethylamine (PEA) and 3-phenylpropylamine (PPA), using our method for selective, heterogeneous,palladium-catalysed hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines developed previously. A readily availableplatinum on carbon catalyst (10% Pt/C) afforded the best results obtaining complete conversion ofnitriles, as well as comparatively high isolated yields (58–70%) and selectivities to primary amines(57–68%) under mild and optimized conditions [6 bar, 30 C, two immiscible solvents (dichloromethane/water or toluene/water), acidic additives (NaH2PO4, (NH4)H2PO4 or H2SO4)]. Contrary to the typicalhigh secondary amine selectivity of platinum, surprisingly, this Pt/C catalyst proved to be much moreeffective and selective in the formation of PEA and PPA than a Pd/C one applied earlier. To clear the divergencesin the primary amine selectivity observed, quantum chemical calculations (DFT) were accomplishedrelated to the adsorption interactions between the imine intermediates and platinum.