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Kyungsoon Lee 서강대학교 종교연구소 2014 Journal of Korean Religions Vol.5 No.2
In Late Chosŏn, touring mountain locales, and penning travelogues of such journeys, cameinto vogue among sajok (Confucian literati elite). But by the Late Chosŏn period, mountainswere also one of the few places where Buddhism and shamanism could survive, thusthe Confucian sajok foray into mountains naturally resulted in a cultural collision betweenthe forces of Confucianism on the one hand, and Buddhism and shamanism (musok) onthe other. This project on the part of sajok to ‘‘Confucianize’’ mountain space took threestrategic approaches: the critique of traditional beliefs embodied in mountains; the injectionof Confucian interpretations into mountain narratives; and the reclamation of mountains assomething fundamentally Confucian. Ultimately, however, the project of Confucianizingmountain space came face to face with its limits as the authority and cohesiveness necessaryfor completing the Confucianization of mountain space eroded even as deep-rooted Buddhistand shamanist traditions prevailed. Nevertheless, the attempted Confucianization of mountainspace, as expressed in the process of travel writing, place-name changing, and the establishmentof noted sŏwŏn by Confucian scholars, has significance in the study of changes in thereligious environment of Late Chosŏn, while highlighting the aspect of mountain space as anarena for competing intellectual and religious discourses.
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Theoretical Foundation of Low Income Residential Differentiation
Kyungsoon Wang,Myungje Woo,Karen Leon de Nie 한국도시행정학회 2013 한국도시행정학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.9
The spatial location of low income households in regions is one of controversial issues in the United States, particularly within the arena of low-income housing policies. Most studies on low-income housing policies have focused on the effects of the housing policies. However, although several studies identified the factors of poverty concentrations, very few studies have attempted to link regional theories to explain how the poor are concentrated in specific areas. In this context, this paper reviewed regional growth theories that can explain the poverty concentration and the low income residential differentiation in urban regions. The theory referring to the geography of the low income household concentration include the urban ecological theory, industrial restructuring theory, political economy theory, and income segregation theory (with a microeconomics view). The first three theories show that the poor residents were concentrated in central cities or around the central cities through experiencing the influx of immigration, industrial structure changes, and political powers of capitalist and other "elites". The income segregation theory argue that American cities tend to have more low-income households close to main urban centers, such as CBD, while European and Asian cities have more high-income households in such areas due to the availability and extent of public transportation. In addition, while the urban ecological theory, industrial restricting theory, and the income segregation theory are based on market forces, the political economy theory argues that politics are more important factors forming the spatial pattern of the poor. To further understand the force of the spatial pattern of the poor, this paper also attempted to link the regional theories to the U.S. housing policies, particularly place versus and people based policies. The U.S. housing policy has shifted from place-based housing policies to people-based ones, and currently to the hybrid. Place-based housing policy such as public housing was dominant from 1930s through 1970s, while people-based policy such as cash allowance to the poor from 1970s to 1990s, and hybrid-based such as HOPE VI after then. Through the literature review, four major factors, including public transits, employment centers, race, and housing policies that contribute to the spatial location of the low-income people were identified. The comparative analysis between the Atlanta region in the U.S and the Seoul region in South Korea was conducted through the examination of the four factors to see how they are differently related to the distribution of the poor in both cases. The results show that the four factors differently contributed to the spatial pattern of the poverty in both cases. The Atlanta region has the contribution of poverty concentrated in the central city, while the Seoul region has a relatively dispersed pattern of low-income people, indicating that the different characteristics of the factors by region (or country) can generate a different spatial pattern of the poverty. In terms of regional growth theories, this paper suggests that the regional theories may have different implications for different regions, particularly in different countries, which have different urban culture, history, economic base, density, and political systems, in explaining the residential differentiation of the poor. This is because the factors that each theory addresses to explain the spatial patterns have different conditions and meanings by region and country.
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“Hanging up Looking Glasses at Odd Corners": Virginia Woolf`s Biographical Essays
( Kyungsoon Lee ) 한국제임스조이스학회 2015 제임스조이스저널 Vol.21 No.1
While Virginia Woolf’s reputation as one of the most prominent modernist and feminist writers is firmly established by her experimental novels, her tremendous contribution to essay writing has been overlooked until recently. It is surprising that Woolf’s essays have received little critical attention considering that she was primarily an essayist and reviewer for the first two decades of her professional life and continued to write reviews in almost forty years as a literary journalist. The most remarkable aspect of her neglected essays is that many reveal her enthusiastic engagement with biographical writing. In these essays, Woolf notes that the biographer’s art has entered a new phase to capture the essence of a personality as modern novels do. This paper examines several essays on biographical writing, “The New Biography,” “The Art of Biography,” “The Lives of the Obscure,” “Shelley and Elizabeth Hitchener,” and “Eliza and Sterne,” to explore the ways in which Woolf advocates a new biography by criticizing her predecessors and evolving her own modern aesthetic position. These essays show that Woolf’s experiments with biographical writing illustrate her attitudes toward life and writing and demonstrate her concerns about women and history, which, in turn, establish her as an uncompromising feminist and great modernist.
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Kyungsoon Park(박경순),Yeong-Ran Park(박영란),Duksoon Son(손덕순),Yoosik Yum(염유식) 한국콘텐츠학회 2019 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.19 No.9
본 연구는 가족돌봄자가 노인의 정신질환을 주로 어떤 증상을 통해 발견하였는지를 알아보는 한편, 가족돌봄자를 중심으로 노인의 정신건강서비스를 이용하게 이끄는 주된 원인이 무엇인지를 실증적으로 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 정신건강문제를 갖고 지역사회에 거주하는 노인을 돌보는 가족돌봄자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 이를 통해 수집된 324명의 자료로 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과를 보면 첫째, 가족돌봄자가 노인 환자의 정신건강질환을 의심하게 된 주된 증상은 기억력 저하와 다른 인지기능 저하가 가장 많은 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 노인이 노인 정신건강서비스를 이용하는데 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 노인의 장기요양등급, 가족돌봄자의 나이, 노인을 돌본 기간, 가족돌봄자가 느끼는 돌봄 스트레스의 수준, 가족돌봄자의 노년기 정신질환에 대한 이해, 가족돌봄자의 지역사회 정신건강서비스에 대한 인지도가 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 노인 가족돌봄자의 관점에서 노인 정신건강문제 조기 발견과 대응 및 관련서비스 이용을 위한 정책적·실천적 함의를 제시하였다. This study aims at investigating the major symptoms that help family carers detect mental illness in elderly patients. Another purpose of this study is to empirically verify the major factors determining the utilization of mental health services with a focus on family carers. The results of this study are as follows. First, the most commonly detected symptoms that caused the family carers to suspect mental illness in the elderly patients were memory decline and other forms of cognitive function decline. Second, the determinants of the elderly’s utilization of mental health services included the patients long-term care insurance level, the age of the family carer, the period of care, the level stress associated with the provision of care felt by the carer, his understanding of geriatric mental illness, and the level of perception about community mental health services. Based on these findings, this study suggests policies and practical implications for the early detection of and response to elderly mental health problems and the utilization of related services from the viewpoint of the family carers of the elderly.
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