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Key Ethical Issues and Hindrances to Ethical Behavior in Korean Insurance Industry
Lee, Kyung-Lyong,Lee, Bong-Joo,Lee, Han-Duck 서강대학교 경영연구소 2004 서강경영논총 Vol.15 No.2
The purpose of this paper is to investigate key ethical issues and hindrances to ethical behavior faced by professionals working in Korean insurance industry. For this purpose, conducted is a survey of actuaries in a variety of positions in insurance companies and insurance related institutions. The findings also are compared to those of American studies. Actuaries' perceptions of the key ethical issues tend to be restricted to actuarial aspects such as insufficient legal authority to perform professional services in an ethical manner and failure to get adequate ethics training program. But some issues arising in marketing are considered significant similar to the U.S. As a whole, key ethical issues and challenges are not significantly different from the viewpoints of actuaries working in the life and non-life insurance business. Regarding key hindrances to ethical behavior, the 15 factors are presented such as competitive pressures, performance-based evaluation and unethical demand made by clients. These findings are generally similar to those of the U.S. studies.
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이경룡,이봉주 한국보험학회 2003 保險學會誌 Vol.64 No.-
최근 국내외적으로 윤리경영의 중요성이 점증해가는 상황에서 본 연구는 보험사의 기업윤리 현황과 과제에 대해 종합적으로 고찰함으로써 보험윤리경영에 대한 연구의 토대를 제공하고자 하였다. 보험서비스의 특성과 관련되어 발생하는 여러 가지 윤리적 문제가 종합적으로 고찰되었다. 국내 보험거래와 관련된 비윤리적 거래에 대한 현황을 금융감독원의 자료를 통해 제시되었으며, 영업 관련 문제가 주된 쟁점이던 1990년대 초와 달리 손해사정과 관련된 윤리적 문제가 급증하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 국내 보험사는 대부분 윤리강령을 제정하고 있었으나 윤리프로그램이 나름대로 정립되어 있는 보험사는 외국사 및 국내대형사였다. 윤리경영이 아직 초기단계라 감사 부서와의 업무 분장이 모호하며, 전담 인력이 적은 문제를 보이고 있다. Recently the issue of managing corporate ethics has been increasingly important domestically as well as internationally. In this respect, this study reviews comprehensively ethical issues and challenges in Korean insurance industry. It examines various ethical problems associated with insurance service and indirectly analyzes unethical insurance transactions using data from Financial Supervisory Service. While early 1990s unethical problems associated insurance sales were predominant, now those relating to claim settlements have become significant. Though most insurers have their code of ethics, workable ethics programs appear to be found in foreign and large domestic insurers. Because ethical management is just in the early stage in the insurance industry, several problems are ubiquitous such as few personnels and ambiguous job descriptions.
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국내 생명보험회사의 CAMEL식 경영평가제도 유효성에 관한 연구
이경룡,임용택 한국보험학회 2002 保險學會誌 Vol.62 No.-
본 논문은 CAMEL식 경영평가제도에서 사용하고 있는 가중치의 중요성과 가중치의 조정으로 평가모형의 유효성을 높일 수 있다는 것을 MDA, Logit, Probit 기법을 이용하여 실증적으로 분석하고 있다. 우선, 현행 평가모형에 부여된 가중치를 이용하여 생보사의 경영평가등급의 분류정확도에 대한 유효성을 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 건전과 부실에 대한 분류 정확도는 높게 나타났으나 CAMEL 제도의 주목적인 등급 분류정확도는 낮게 나타났다. 그래서 CAMEL식 평가제도의 문제점을 규명하고 가중치 조정에 따를 유효성의 변화를 분석하기 위하여 새로운 가중치를 도출하였다. 그리고 새로운 추정가중치를 이용하여 등급의 분류정확 도를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 가중치를 조정한 후에 건전생보사와 부실생보사의 분류정확도는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 등급의 분류정확도는 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 현행 CAMEL 평가제도의 유효성을 높이기 위해서는 가중치의 조정이 필요하다는 것을 규명하고 합리적인 가중치 조정방안을 제시하였다. This treatise is analyzing positively that can improve effectiveness of estimation model by the importance of weight and control of weight that is using in CAMEL way system. First, analyzed effectiveness about classification accuracy of domestic life insurance companies using weight that is given in current estimation model. According to analysis result, classification accuracy about solvent and insolvent appeared high but grade classification accuracy that is Main target of CAMEL system appeared low. So, drew new weight to examine closely problem of CAMEL way estimation system and analyze change of effectiveness by weight control. And analyzed classification accuracy of grade using new presumption weight. After adjust weight as analysis result, classification accuracy of solvent and insolvent life insurance companies did not show difference but classification accuracy of grade was appeared that rise. Therefore, institute that control of weight need improve effectiveness of current CAMEL estimation system and presented reasonable weight control plan.
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이명규,김길룡,함경수 大韓免疫學會 1995 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.17 No.3
Synthetic peptides were conjugated with a carrier protein (bovine serum albumin; BSA), and the peptide-protein conjugates were immunized to Balb/c mice. When the anti-preS2 titers de-creased, the recombinant hepatitis B virus surface antigen with the large amounts of the middle protein (M-rHBsAg) were injected. The anti-preS2 titers of many mice (14/17) gradually in-creased from 2 to 4 week after M-rHBsAg injection. Among them, the anti-preS2 titers of 5 mice increased 90 fold or more at 4 week after M-rHBsAg injection. The boosting effects were also found when the anti-M-rHBsAg titers were measured. But the anti-BSA titers were not affected by M-rHBsAg injection. However, no relationships between the observed increase of the anti-preS2 antibodies by injecting M-rHBsAg and the presence of the known preS2 T cell epitopes were found. The results suggest that the peptide-protein conjugates can be used for peptide vaccine development.
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Development of Two Hexaplex Systems with X-STR Loci and Their Allele Frequencies in Koreans
Kyung Lyong Lee,Myun Soo Han,Beom Ho Jo,Sun Wha Park,Ki Beom Heo,Ki Wha Chung 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.1
X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (X-STR) markers can be used to determine paternity in deficiency paternity cases with a female child(s) and in other kinship tests. In the present study, we established two X-STR hexaplex PCR systems. One set includes DXS6789, DXS6810, DXS7132, GATA172D05, DXS7423, and ARA, while the other set includes GATA165B12, DXS981, DXS6797, DXS9898, DXS8377, and DXS7424. These STR loci were genotyped in a Korean population (149 males and 121 females), and the allele frequency was obtained using the established multiplex PCR reactions and an automatic sequencing analyzer. None of the loci in female samples deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The combined probabilities of match (PM) calculated from 12 X-STR loci were 2.04 × 10(-12) in females and 7.46 × 10(-8) in males, which is highly informative. The high polymorphism of these X-STRs indicated the suitability of their use in kinship tests, and both hexaplex systems will be used directly to analyze forensic cases.
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