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제주도 지하수 질산염 농도의 시·공간적 변화 특성: 장기(1993-2015) 모니터링 자료의 평가
김호림(Ho-Rim Kim),오준섭(Junseop Oh),도현권(Hyun-Kwon Do),이경진(Kyung-Jin Lee),현익현(Ik-Hyun Hyun),오상실(Sang-Sil Oh),감상규(Sang-Kyu Kam),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun) 대한자원환경지질학회 2018 자원환경지질 Vol.51 No.1
1993년부터 2015년까지 관측된 제주도 지하수 장기모니터링 관측정(N = 4,835)에서 수집된 지하수 수질자료(N = 21,568)를 기반으로 질산성질소의 시공간적 변동 특성을 평가하였다. 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 농도의 중앙값은 2.5 mg/L로서 다른 국가나 대륙의 조사 결과에 비해 다소 높거나 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지하수 용도, 행정구역 및 고도 별로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 특히, 산간 지역에 비해 저지대 해안가에 위치한 농업 및 주거지역에서 농도가 높음을 확인하였다. Mann-Kendall 및 Sen’s slope 분석을 활용한 질산성질소 농도의 추세 분석 결과, 하류 저지 대에 비해 중산간지역에서의 질산성질소 농도 증가 경향이 뚜렷하였다. 제주도 내 토지 피복의 시계열 변화 특성과 결부 지어 보면, 중산간지역의 오염 증가 추세는 농업지역의 확장 등 인위적 활동 증가에 기인한 결과로 판단된다. 반면,기지정된 지하수자원특별관리구역에서는 전반적으로 질산성질소 농도의 감소 경향이 나타났는데, 이는 지하수 관리 측면에서 수질관리를 위한 적극적인 정책이 유효함을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 지하수의 질산성질소 오염관리를 위한 적정 방안을 제안한다. The spatio-temporal variations of nitrate concentrations in groundwater of Jeju Island were evaluated by an analysis of time series groundwater quality data (N = 21,568) that were collected from regional groundwater monitoring (number of wells = 4,835) for up to 20 years between 1993 and 2015. The median concentration of NO 3 -N is 2.5 mg/L, which is slightly higher than those reported from regional surveys in other countries. Nitrate concentrations of groundwater in wells tend to significantly vary according to different water usage (of the well), administrative districts, and topographic elevations: nitrate level is higher in low-lying agricultural and residential areas than those in high mountainous areas. The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope analysis show that nitrate concentration in mid-mountainous areas tends to increase, possibly due to the expansion of agricultural areas toward highland. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in the Specially Designated Groundwater Quality Protection Zones show the temporally decreasing trend, which implies the efficiency of groundwater management actions in Jeju. Proper measures for sustainable groundwater quality management are suggested in this study.
현경선,이향련,공송심,윤경자,김현섭,김효남,최지원,김운정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this stuffy was quail-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unfit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blond pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, It Is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.
Association of 20 potential ATP2B1‐interacting genes with blood pressure in Koreans
Kyung‐Won Hong,Hyun‐Seok Jin,Ji‐Eun Lim,Bermseok Oh 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.3
Plasma membrane calcium‐transporting ATPase 1 (ATP2B1)is associated significantly with blood pressure in Caucasians and Asians. ATP2B1 regulates calcium homeostasis and belongs to the P‐type calcium pump family; several studies have identified diverse proteins that bind to ATP2B1. We hypothesized that ATP2B1 regulates blood pressure through ATP2B1‐interacting genes. To this end, 20 potential ATP2B1‐interacting genes were selected, 197 SNPs of which were analyzed for their association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These 20 genes were categorized into 2 groups: ATP2B1‐binding genes and ATP2B1‐cleaving calpain family members. Three ATP2B1‐binding genes (CALM1, NOS1, and PDLIM1)were associated with blood pressure, and a SNP in CALM1(rs2401887) generated the strongest association signal (beta=‐3.60±0.92, p=8.9×10^(‐5) for systolic blood pressure and beta=‐1.40±0.62, p=0.02 for diastolic blood pressure). Of the calpain family members, 3 genes (CAPN6, CAPN9, and CAPN10)were associated with blood pressure, and the CAPN10 SNP rs4676348 yielded the strongest association signal (beta=‐0.88±0.27, p=0.001 for systolic blood pressure and beta=‐0.58±0.18, p=0.015 for diastolic blood pressure). Further, the interaction of CALM1 to ATP2B1 was examined using the blood pressure of individuals who carried both variants of CALM1and ATP2B1 genes. Similarly the interaction of CAPN10 to ATP2B1 was also examined. The CALM1 variant (rs2401887)and CAPN10 variants (rs4676348) appear to decrease blood pressure further in addition to the decrease by the variant (rs17249754) of ATP2B1, which suggests that ATP2B1 might regulate blood pressure through the ATP2B1‐interacting genes CALM1 and CAPN10.
강경구,방세윤,윤경구,황경현,이성국 동국대학교 산업기술연구원 1997 산업기술논문집 Vol.9 No.-
레이저 가공시 조사되는 레이저 빔의 특성을 나타내는 변수 - 예를 들면, 빔의 형상, 초점면과 소재사이의 거리, 빔 강도 분포, 빔의 발산각, 실제 빔이 퍼져가는 양상이 이상적인 Gaussian 빔에 비해 얼마나 큰지를 나타내는 beam quality factor 등 - 이 가공결과에 큰 영향을 미치는 것은 경험적으로 잘 알려져 있다. 특히 원적외선 레이저로 천공, 에칭 또는 엑사이머 레이저로 ablation 가공을 수행할 때는 이러한 빔특성 변수의 영향이 극대화된다. 본 연구에서는 중요한 빔특성 변수의 영향을 가능한 독립시켜 정성적 및 정량적으로 파악하기 위해 연속발진 모드의 레이저빔 사용시 열전도에 의한 손실을 고려하였으며, 문제를 단순화해 빔 또는 가공소재의 상대적인 움직임이 없는 천공 (또는 에칭제거)의 경우에 대하여, 수치모사를 통해 여러 가지 빔 변수의 변화가 가공결과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 레이저 빔의 초점의 위치를 표면에서 멀리하면 가공깊이는 감소하게 되며, 같은 간격일 때는 소재의 내부에 위치시키는 것이 다소 유리하다. 또한 빔의 발산각이 작고, beam quality factor 값이 1에 가까울수록 깊은 가공을 얻을 수 있음을 파악하였다. In laser machining such as drilling with CO_2 or Nd:YAG laser, and etching or ablation with Excimer laser, one of the most important parameters affecting the machining results is known to be beam characteristics. In this paper a study is performed through a numerical simulation with the appropriate model to investigate the effects of beam parameters qualitatively and quantitatively, especially in the process of laser drilling of ceramics and ceramic composites. Results of different beam conditions reveal that the machined hole becomes deeper as (ⅰ) the beam divergence gets smaller,(ⅱ) beam quality factor approaches unity, and (ⅲ) beam focus lies nearer to the surface of the workpiece.
고능력 젖소 축군의 집단번식관리프로그램 적용에 의한 번식효율의 개선
노경수,김의형,남현욱,서국현,강현구,김일화 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8
We investigated the effect of reproductive herd health program (RHHP) on the reproductive performance in high yielding dairy herds. Data collected from 205 lactations at Boeun County, Chungbuk from April 2001 to Dec. 2003 included postpartum reproductive and metabolic diseases, body condition score (BCS), reproductive performance and milking records. First we compared the reproductive performance of cows without RHHP (pre-RHHP group) and cows with RHHP (RHHP group). Intervals from calving to first service (99.6 vs. 81.8 days) and to conception (160.3 vs. 131.8 days) were shorter in the RHHP group than in the pre-RHHP group. Secondly, we determined the effect of milk yield (305 days) on the occurrence of postpartum diseases, BCS changes, and reproductive performance in cows under RHHP, The occurrence of metritis and metabolic diseases were greater in the over-10,000 kg group than in the under-l0,000 kg group. The over-10,000 kg group lost more body condition than the under-10,000 kg group from calving to month 3 postpartum. Nevertheless, reproductive performance did not differ between the two groups. These results indicate that reproductive performance can be improved by the application of RHHP in high yielding dairy herds and that reproductive performance in the cows under RHHP are not affected by high milk yielding.
김규현(Kyu-hyun Kim),서경희(Kyung-Hee Suh) 한국사회언어학회 2018 사회언어학 Vol.26 No.2
Kim, Kyu-hyun & Suh, Kyung-Hee. 2018. “Formulation Sequence in Korean TV Talk Shows: Pre-Sequence as Consensual Grounds for Managing Category Work”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 26(2). 85~117. From the perspectives of conversation analysis (CA) and membership categorization analysis (MCA), this paper analyzes the formulation sequence in Korean television news interviews and celebrity talk-shows. The analysis shows that the host s formulation is normatively oriented to by the guest as a preliminary action, which projects a range of face-impinging actions, such as challenge, assessment, request, etc. The formulation-confirmation sequence furnishes the host with consensual grounds for embarking on affectively-loaded assessment activities vis-à-vis the guest in his/her own terms. The guest, as the formulation-recipient, may block the host s projected action by using disconfirmation, which points to the contingent nature of the power that the host exercises as the agent of morality. The analysis of the formulation sequence is brought to bear upon the examination of the compositional features of the formulation turn (e.g., sentence-ending suffixes, discourse particle, etc.) and their interactional imports.
자궁 적출술 방법 결정을 위한 복식과 질식 전 자궁 적출술의 비교 연구
최현수(Hyun Soo Choi),이선경(Seun Kyung Lee),김승보(Seung Bo Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.6
자궁 적출술은 부인과 영역에서 가장 많이 시행되는 수술의 하나로 본 연구는 복식과 질식 전 자궁 적출술을 시행받은 환자의 수술의 적응증, 특징, 환자의 예후를 비교하여 자궁 적출술의 방법의 결정에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 1994년 1월부터 1999년 1월까지 본원에서 양성 자궁질환으로 복식과 질식 전 자궁 적출술을 받은 환자 각각 200명을 대상으로 하였으며 환자의 연령, 분만력, 수술전 적응증, 적출된 자궁의 무게, 총 수술 시간, 출혈량, 합병증, 동반된 수술, 입원 기간을 비교 분석 하였다. 1. 수술전 적응증은 두 비교군 모두에서 자궁 근종이 가장 많았으며 자궁 경부 상피내암, 자궁 선증, 기타(부정 출혈, 부속기 종양)등이 있었다. 2. 환자의 연령, 분만력에는 유의한 차이가 없었으며 적출된 자궁의 무게는 복식이 질식 보다 유의한 증가를 보였고 질식에서 자궁의 무게가 280gm 이상인 경우도 18%(36/200)로 나타났다. 3. 총 수술 시간, 입원 기간, 출혈량에서 질식이 총 수술 시간과(P=0.002) 입원 기간이 짧고(P=0.000), 출혈량(P=0.000)도 의미있게 적은 것으로 나타났다. 4. 수술 후 합병증은 질식 환자의 4%, 복식 환자의 7%였고 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 5. 과거 개복 수술력은 질식에서 18%(36/200), 복식에서 28.5%(57/200)의 환자가 수술력이 있었는데, 질식 전 자궁 적출술 환자중 과거 제왕 절개를 받은 환자에서 자궁이 전 복벽에 유착되어 개복 수술로 전환한 예가 있었고 97.2%(35/36)에서 성공적으로 질식 자궁 적출술이 이루어졌다. 6. 질식 전 자궁 적출술을 시행받은 환자에서 부속기 절제술을 함께 시행한 환자와 자궁 적출술만을 시행받은 환자의 총 수술시간, 출혈량, 합병증에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 환자의 자궁의 크기나 과거 수술력, 부속기 절제의 요구가 더 이상 질식 방법의 금기가 아니며 질식 전 자궁 적출술은 수술 시간과 입원 기간, 출혈량을 줄일 수 있는 안전한 수술로 앞으로 이러한 질식 전 자궁 적출술에 많은 관심과 수련으로 부인과 수술에서 더 많이 사용 되어 져야 하겠다. Objectives : The most often perfomed major operation in gynecology is hysterectomy.Our purpose was to compare the indications, charateristics and outcomes of patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy and total vaginal hysterectomy and to help to establish guidelines to determine the route of hysterectomy.Method : The hospital charts of 400 women who underwent elective inpatient hysterectomy at Kyung-Hee University hospital from January 1994 to January 1999, were abstracted retrospectively. Data were collected regarding patients, age, parity, preoperative indications, the route of hysterectomy, uterine weight, operative and postoperative complications and the length of stay. The operative indications were benign uterine disease except from uterine prolapse. Bisection or combined morcellation were used in most cases to obtain reduction in uterine size.Result : Patients in whom the vaginal route was successful included 18% of those with uterine weights exceeding 280gm. There was statistically significant difference for uterine weight, operative time, bleeding amount, the length of stay in two camparative group. 4% of vaginal hysterectomy and 7% of total abdominal hysterectomy has documented operative complications.Conclusion : Vaginal hysterectomy is safe operation with few intraoperative and postoperative complications without notable blood loss. Vaginal hysterectomy allow one to shorten the operating time and allows early postoperative discharge of some patients from hospital. Skilled performance of vaginal hysterectomy is worth greater attention and should be used more often in gynecological study.