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Dan, Kyung-Sik,Kim, Byoung-Chul,Han, Yang-Kyoo The Polymer Society of Korea 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.5
The side chain liquid crystal triblock copolymers (TBCs), which underwent phase transitions below their decomposition temperature, were prepared by copolymerization of poly(n-butyl acrylate) and a comonomer containing the mesogenic azobenzene group. The physical properties of TBCs in the distinctive transition temperature ranges were investigated in terms of the liquid crystal (LC) content in the copolymers. The phase transition temperatures traced optically, thermally and rheologically were well coincided one another and clearly exhibited the phase transition of smectic-nematic-isotropic with increasing temperature. In the smectic phase, increasing temperature made the liquid crystal system more elastic, but viscosity (${\eta}'$) remained almost constant. In the nematic phase, increasing temperature abruptly decreased ${\eta}'$ and G', ultimately leading to isotropic phase. Both smectic and nematic phases exhibited Bingham viscosity behavior but the former gave much greater yield stress at the same LC content.
Preparation of Inorganic Silica Nanofibers Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Min, Kyung-Dan,Youk, Ji-Ho,Kwark, Young-Je,Park, Won-Ho The Korean Fiber Society 2007 Fibers and polymers Vol.8 No.6
Silica nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles were successfully prepared using sol-gel chemistry and electro-spinning technique. Solution of tetraethly orthosilicate in ethanol containing silver nitrate was aged to have sufficient viscosity and electrospun to form nanofibers. Upon thermal treatment, the gelation reaction between silanols was completed in the prepared silica nanofibers, and at the same time, silver ions in the nanofiber changed to metallic silver or silver oxides. The reduction of silver ions could be also achieved by UV irradiation, and the generated silver nanoparticles were present preferentially on the surface of the silica nanofibers. On testing release behavior of silver ions, it was found that most of silver remained in the silica nanofiber. The silica nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles exhibited excellent antibacterial and deodorant properties.
Min, Kyung-Dan,Park, Won-Ho,Youk, Ji-Ho,Kwark, Young-Je The Polymer Society of Korea 2008 Macromolecular Research Vol.16 No.7
Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) was used successfully to control the size and distribution of silver nanoparticles generated on inorganic silica nanofibers. The inorganic nanofibers were electro spun using sol-gel chemistry of silicates, and the diameter of the prepared nanofibers was unaffected by adding up to 7% of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). The silver ions, in the form of silver nitrate, were introduced into the silica nanofibers and reduced to metallic silver by ultraviolet irradiation with a subsequent thermal treatment. The size of the generated silver particles was decreased dramatically by adding poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). The size of the silver nanoparticles was 73 nm when no poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) was added but 23 nm with the addition of only 1% of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone). The extent of reduction could be checked by determining the concentration of silver ions leached into water from the silica nanofibers. After thermal treatment of the silica nanofibers, more than 99% of the silver remained in the nanofibers, indicating almost complete reduction of the silver ions to silver metal.
소아 Helicobacter pylori 감염증에서 대변항원검사의 민감도와 특이도
최경단(Kyung Dan Choi),양혜란(Hye Ran Yang),서정기(Jeong Kee Seo),고재성(Jae Sung Ko),신언우(Eon Woo Shin),장주영(Ju Young Jang),정지아(Ji A Jung),서정완(Jeong Wang Seo) 대한소화기학회 2001 대한소화기학회지 Vol.38 No.3
Background/Aims: The interest in non-invasive tests for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children is increasing. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of a new non-invasive enzyme immunoassay for H. pylori antigen in stools of children. Methods: Seventy-seven children(32 boys and 45 girls) who were aged from 2 to 17(mean 9.1) years, and complained of dyspeptic symptoms, were submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. During endoscopic examination, biopsy specimens were taken from antrum for histology and rapid urease test. H. pylori status was defined as infected if the results of both histology and rapid urease test were positive. Stool specimen was collected from all patients for Helicobacter pyori stool antigen (HpSA) test. Urea breath test (UBT) was performed in sixty-one children of the 77 children. Results: Fourteen children were H. pylori-positive, the other 63 children were H. pylori-negative. The results of HpSA test were positive in 15 children and negative in 62 children. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of HpSA test were 100%, 98.4%, 93.3%, and 100%, respectively. Sixty-one of the 77 children underwent both UBT and HpSA test. The sensitivity and specificity of UBT were 90.9% and 96.0%, and those of HpSA test were 100% and 98.0%, respectively. Conclusions: The HpSA test is a highly sensitive and specific non-invasive diagnostic tool for the qualitative detection of H. pylori infection in children. Thus, the HpSA test can be very helpful in diagnosing H. pylori infection in children. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2001;38:154-160)
중국의 웨딩메이크업 트렌드에 관한 고찰 -2012년도 웨딩이미지를 중심으로-
장단단 ( Dan-dan Zang ),임희경 ( Hee-kyung Lim ) 한국미용예술경영학회 2012 미용예술경영연구 Vol.6 No.4
This study emphasizes on the importance of wedding make-up style after 2012, the wedding make-up which is appeared in current Chinese wedding photography as the center and the popular tendency of wedding make-up style as the goal in the study. The beautiful wedding make-up of model Chinese wedding photography has become personalized and open with improving of personal satisfaction. Another reason of the change on the wedding make-up demand is customers have more requirements on the wedding make-up style and the trend of the modern fashion. And with the people cultural quality improvement, more brides are not care about wedding expenses on the wedding photography, but pay more attention to be individuality and fashion on the own wedding photography. The diversified coordination element wedding photography is developing which starts from bride’s wedding make-up, wedding dress, and bride's hair to others. This study is according to wedding make-up elements preparations and the suitable theory for wedding make-up to analyze Chinese popular wedding make-up after 2012. The diversified style helps to do personality and coordinate wedding make-up design, so this research is Natural, Ethnic, Classic, modern, Elegance, romantic wedding style appear in the wedding photography and other wedding make-up style appear in the Fashion show, TV series, and stars to find out the Chinese wedding photography's characteristics after 2012.