몽테뉴는 피론주의자인가?

박규철 ( Park¸ Kyu-cheol ) 한국동서철학회 2020 동서철학연구 Vol.0 No.98

서구철학사에 있어, 르네상스 시기 몽테뉴의 철학은 3가지 중요한 철학사적 의미를 가진다. 첫째, 몽테뉴는 르네상스 시기 번역된 섹스투스 엠피리쿠스의 문헌들에 힘입어 고대 피론주의를 부활시키고 그것을 계승한 회의주의를 전개한다. 아울러, 그는 앙리 에띠엔느(Henri Estienne)과 젱띠앙 에르베(Gentian Hervet)의 문헌학적 성과와 조반니피코 델라 미란돌라(Giovanni Pico della Mirandola), 지안프란체스코 피코 델라 미란돌라(Gianfrancesco Pico della Mirandola) 그리고 헨리쿠스 코르넬리우스 아그리파(Henricus Cornelius Agrippa)의 철학적 성과를 비판적으로 수용하여 자신의 철학으로 흡수한다. 둘째, 그는 고대 피론주의를 계승하면서도 그것에 머무르지 않고 그것을 발전시켜 자신만의 철학을 만들어낸다. R. 폽킨(R. Popkin 2003)에 의하면, 그의 새로운 피론주의는 기독교, 특히 가톨릭주의와 강력한 친화력을 형성하며, 피론주의적 가톨릭주의라는 새로운 회의주의의 모델로 등장한다. 셋째, 그는 신앙주의와 회의주의의 결합을 모색한 융합의 철학자였다. 비록 그는 독실한 가톨릭 신자였지만, 당대의 종교인들이 보여주었던 광기와 폭력의 소유자와는 거리가 멀었다. 그는 이성과 관용을 갖춘 온건한 회의주의자였다. 결론적으로 몽테뉴는 르네상스 시기 회의주의와 신앙주의가 융합될 수 있는 가능성을 모색하고, 그 가능성을 현실화시켰다. 즉 그는 자신의 새로운 피론주의에서 회의주의와 신앙주의가 융합될 수 있는 새로운 회의주의의 모델, 구체적으로는 피론주의적 가톨릭주의의 모델을 만들어냈던 것이다. 그의 이러한 융합과 통합의 정신은 21세기 오늘날에도 철학자들에게 요구되는 덕목이라 판단된다. In Western philosophy, Montaigne's philosophy during the Renaissance has three important philosophical meanings. First, Montaigne revived ancient Pyrrhonism and unfolded the skepticism that succeeded it, thanks to the texts of Sextus Empiricus translated during the Renaissance. In addition, he critically accepts the philological achievements of Henri Estienne and Gentian Hervet as well as the philosophical achievements of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Gianfrancesco Pico della Mirandola and Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, absorbing them into his own philosophy. Second, he draws upon ancient Pyrrhonism, but does not dwell on it, but develops it and creates his own philosophy. According to Richard Popkin, his new Pyrrhonism forms a strong affinity with Christianity, especially Catholicism, and emerges as a model for a new skepticism of Pyrrhonian Catholicism. Third, he was a fusion philosopher who sought to combine fideism and skepticism. Although he was a devout Catholic, he was far from possessing the madness and violence displayed by religious people of his day. He was a moderate skeptic who had acquired reason and tolerance. In conclusion, Montaigne sought the possibility of the fusion of skepticism and fideism during the Renaissance, and made that possibility a reality. In other words, he created a new model of skepticism in which skepticism and fideism could be fused in his new Pyrrhonism, specifically the model of Pyrrhonian Catholicism. Montaigne’s spirit of convergence and integration is judged to be a virtue required of philosophers even today in the 21st century.

장-피에르 카뮈는 피론주의자인가? - 『회의적 에세이』에 나타난 ‘그리스도교적 피론주의’를 중심으로 -

박규철 ( Park¸ Kyu-cheol ) 한국동서철학회 2021 동서철학연구 Vol.- No.101

17세기의 위대한 피론주의자였던 장-피에르 카뮈는 ‘그리스도교적 피론주의’를 완성하였으며, 몽테뉴에게 내재적 단계에 머물러 있던 신앙주의를 외재화시키고 절대화 시켰다. 카뮈는 자신의 저작들 중의 하나인 『회의적 에세이』에서, 이성적 합리성을 비판하고 ‘가톨릭 신앙주의’를 옹호하였다. 카뮈의 철학은 다음 3가지 관점에서 이해될 수 있다. 첫째로, 카뮈는 절대적 신앙주의 하에서 그리스도교적 피론주의를 형성하였다. 그의 회의주의의 밑바탕에는 ‘개신교 합리주의에 대한 두려움’이 깔려 있었다. 그는 자신의 가톨릭적 신앙주의를 옹호하고 개신교 칼빈주의를 비판하기 위한 목적에서 몽테뉴의 철학을 수용하여 변형하였던 것이다. 둘째로, 카뮈는 그리스도교적 피론주의를 통하여 체계화된 회의주의를 선보였다. 그의 피론주의에 나타난 구조는 헤겔의 테제(thesis)와 안티테제(antithesis) 그리고 신테제(synthesis)와 같은 체계적인 구조를 가지고 있는데, 이것은 몽테뉴나 샤롱에게서는 찾아볼 수 없었던 그만의 특징이기도 하였다. 셋째로, 『회의적 에세이』에 나타난 테제는 아카데미 회의주의의 “알려질 수 있는 것은 없다”라는 것이고, 안티테제는 독단주의의 “알려질 수 있는 것은 있다”라는 것이며, 신테제는 피론주의의 ‘판단유보’와 ‘마음의 평안’이었다. 그는 테제와 안티테제에 대한 비판을 통하여, 신테제의 유의미성을 확보하였다. 결론적으로, 카뮈는 절대적 신앙주의 아래에서 몽테뉴의 회의주의를 재구성함으로써, 자신의 독창적인 ‘그리스도교적 피론주의’를 구축하였다. 또한 그것을 변증법의 형식을 통하여 제시함으로써, 그리스도교적 피론주의에 대한 옹호를 극대화하였다. 그 후, 카뮈의 이러한 노력으로 인하여 17세기 서구 회의주의 철학의 양상은 더 다양해지고 풍부해졌다. Jean-Pierre Camus, the great Pyrrhonist of the 17th century, exhibited ‘Christian Pyrrhonism’. In particular, he transformed and externalized the fideism that had been internalized in Montaigne. In Essay Sceptique, one of Camus' writings, he criticized the rationality of reason and defended the fideism of Catholicism. I examined Camus' philosophy from the following three perspectives. First, Camus' Christian Pyrrhonism was formed under absolute fideism. Underlying his skepticism was ‘the fear of Protestant rationalism’. He accepted Montaigne's philosophy in a transformative way for the purpose of defending his Catholic fideism and criticizing Protestant Calvinism. Second, Camus introduced a systematic skepticism called Christian Pyrrhonism. The structure shown in his Pyrrhonism has the same systematic structure as Hegelian thesis, antithesis and synthesis. These are his only characteristics that could not be found in Montaigne or Charron. Third, the thesis presented in Essay Sceptique is that “nothing can be known” of the Academic skepticism. The antithesis is that “there are things that can be known” of dogmatism, and the synthesis were the suspense of judgment and the skeptical indifference of Pyrrhonism. He secured the significance of the synthesis through his critique of thesis and antithesis. In conclusion, Camus built his original Christian Pyrrhonism by reconstructing Montaigne's skepticism under absolute fideism. Also, by presenting it in the form of dialectic, he maximized his defense of Christian Pyrrhonism. After that, due to Camus's efforts, the philosophy of Western skepticism was developed in the 17th century.

A Study of Analysis for Noise Environment and Hearing Loss of Army Aviation Pilots

Kyucheol Ko,Oyonghyeok Lee,Jinsook Kim,Taewon Le,Yerim Shin,Hyesook Lee 한국청각언어재활학회 2021 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.17 No.2

Purpose: The hearing condition of pilots and the level of noise of helicopter were of interest. This study aimed to analyze the noise environment and hearing loss of the pilots of Korean army aviation. Methods: A total of 242 pilots who did not have any middle ear problems or other ear diseases were selected: 34, 69, 70, and 69 from the age group 20, 30, 40, and 50, respectively. The physical examination records of hearing test from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed. The noise environment was measured at the two indoor positions of pilot and crew and one outside position which was 1 m away from the 8 helicopters owned by Korean army aviation: 500MD, UH-1H, UH-60, KUH-1, AH1S, BO-105, CH-47, AH-64. Results: The thresholds of pilots were statistically different in term of frequency, age, and flight time (p < 0.05). The range of measured noise level of helicopters at the position of pilot, crew, and outside were 88.6 (AH-1S)-104.1 dB A (CH-47), 93.9 (UH-1H)-108.6 dB A (CH-47), 105 (500MD, AH-1S)-109 dB A (AH-64). When compared hearing thresholds of the pilots to normal groups according to age groups, they were higher at 6 kHz and lower at 0.5 kHz for all age groups. Conclusion: The hearing thresholds of Korean army aviation pilots increased as age and flight time were increased while showing the typical noise-induced hearing loss with high frequency involvement. We suggest that hearing protection education should be provided and the appropriate hearing conservation program should be established for pilot hearing health care in the future.

Investigating the Performance of Machine Learning Methods in Predicting Functional Properties of the Hydrogenase Variants

Kyucheol CHOI,Wonjun KIM,Seongjoon LEE,Jamin KOO 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.4

Probability-based ART1 Clustering Classification for Bioinformatics Application in Computational Grid

Kyucheol Cho,Wonsuk Chang,Jongsik Lee 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7

Bioinformatics is an innovative research field of science, which applies power of high performance system using computational grid technology. This paper focuses on a bioinformatics data classification and data accuracy problem which is currently important issue in bioinformatics applications. This paper proposes a probability-based ART1 clustering classification model. The recognition success rates of ART1 clustering classificaton with PNN verification are over 95%. PNN verification filters inadequate data of ART1 clusters and improves data accuracy of ART1 class clusters.

마음 건강을 돕는 모바일 힐링 어플리케이션의 설계 및 구현

임규철(Kyucheol Lim),이경미(Kyoungmi Lee),이인지(Ingee Lee),이재훈(Jaehun Lee),박건훈(Geonhun Park),김정현(Jeonhyeon Kim),정진영(Jinyeong Jeong),김현기(Hyenki Kim) 한국정보기술학회 2013 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2013 No.5

많은 사람들이 일을 하거나 각종 생활을 하게 되면 스트레스를 받게 된다. 특히 직장생활이나 대학생들은 그 스트레스를 풀기 위해 술을 먹음으로써 건강이 나빠지게 된다. 본 논문에서는 마음 건강의 중요성을 인지하고 생활 속에서 직접 실천 할 수 있는 다양한 방법을 간편히 가이드 할 수 있도록 모바일 힐링 어플리케이션을 설계 및 구현하였다. A lot of people get stressed while at work and in daily life, especially workers and undergraduates who damage their health by drinking alcohol to relieve stress. In this paper, I will design and create the mobile healing application to guide people by giving them information about the importance of mental health and various stress reduction methods they can follow easily follow in their lives.

피터 웰란의 역사극 『약초 화단』의 복원된 세 가지 진실과 의도적 왜곡

황규철(Kyucheol Hwang) 한국셰익스피어학회 2015 셰익스피어 비평 Vol.51 No.1

This paper aims at probing into the three reconstructed truths and some deliberate distortions in Peter Whelan’s history play, The Herbal Bed. It dramatizes Susanna Hall vs Jack Lane case through his intellectual imagination by merging the certain truth, the probable one, and the speculative one. As for the certain truth, the play is based on the historical facts on the case and some biographical facts on its related figures. The probable truth on Susanna in the play is that she must have played the role of an apothecary in Hall’s Croft and that she must have been a Catholic before her marriage. Another probable one on Susanna and Rafe in the play is that they must have known each other even after their separate marriages. The speculative truth in the play is that it dramatizes the extreme religious conflicts among characters. However, the play distorts deliberately some historical facts to maintain its dramatic interest and tension. For example, the real vicar-general of Worcester Cathedral in 1613 is not Goche in the play but Arthus Lake. Another example is that Shakespeare is depicted as the retired man who suffers from incurable gonorrhea. However, Park Honan’s and Kate Emery Pogue’s opinions that Shakespeare must have died of typhoid are more persuasive than Whelan’s. For these reasons, readers/audiences are very likely to confuse some fiction in the play with reality. Nevertheless, The Herbal Bed deserves critical attention because it excels in revealing Whelan’s unique view on Susanna Hall vs Jack Lane case and dramatizing the intense religious conflicts in England in the early 17th century.

개정된 CAPSS 기반 충남의 대기오염물질 배출량 변화와 지역 대기질 개선을 위한 정책 제언

황규철(Kyucheol Hwang),박세찬(Sechan Park),이가혜(Gahye Lee),노수진(Sujin Noh),김정호(Jeongho Kim),이재영(Jae Young Lee),박종성(Jong-Sung Park),김종범(Jong Bum Kim) 한국대기환경학회 2023 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.39 No.4

무기체계 내장형SW 유지관리 방안

박규철(Kyucheol Park),노명선(Myungsun Noh),오성택(Sungtaek Oh),김동성(Dong-Seong Kim),이재민(Jae-Min Lee),문창배(Chang Bae Moon) 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

IT기술의 급속한 발전으로 4차 산업혁명 시대를 맞아 무기체계는 소프트웨어를 중심으로 한 고성능 · 복합체계로 발전하고 있으며, 소프트웨어의 비중과 복잡도가 증대되고 있다. 이와 발맞춰 운영유지를 위한 체계적인 소프트웨어 관리의 중요성이 나날이 커짐에 따라 본 논고에서는 고도화되는 미래 무기체계에 대응하여 운영유지 여건을 보장하기 위한 무기체계 소프트웨어 개발 및 관리 프로세스를 살펴보고자 한다.

Introduction to the Special Issue on the Balhae Kingdom

Han Kyucheol 동북아역사재단 2007 Journal of Northeast Asian History Vol.4 No.2