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Chang Yun Hee,Park Chul Hong,Matsuishi Kyoto 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.4
Through rst-principles pseudopotential calculations, we investigated the structural and the electronic properties of the lead-halide based inorganic-organic perovskites (CH3NH3)PbX3 (where X = Cl, Br and I) and inorganic perovskite CsPbX3. The electronic structures of both kinds of perovskites are found to be similar around the band edges. The electronic levels from the organic molecules are located deeply within the valence and conduction-bands, indicating that the eects of the organic molecule on the electronic and the optical properties are weak. The valence-band maximum is characterized as an antibonding hybrid state of the Pb-s and the X-p orbitals in the Pb-X chains. The conduction-band minimum is characterized as a non-bonding hybrid state of the Pb-p and the X-p orbitals. The band gaps are found to red shift with pressure. We also examined the electronic structures of the two-dimensional layered structures of the perovskites. The band gap decreased due to the connement eect of carriers with increasing number of perovskite layers.
Rob Edwin Carpenter,Leanne Coyne,Dave Silberman,Jody Kyoto Takemoto 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2022 보건의료교육평가 Vol.19 No.-
Purpose The literature suggests that the ability to numerate cannot be fully understood without accounting for the social context in which mathematical activity is represented. Team-based learning (TBL) is an andragogical approach with theoretical links to sociocultural and community-of-practice learning. This study aimed to quantitatively explore the impact of TBL instruction on numeracy development in 2 cohorts of pharmacy students and identify the impact of TBL instruction on numeracy development from a social perspective for healthcare education. Methods Two cohorts of students were administered the Health Science Reasoning Test-Numeracy (HSRT-N) before beginning pharmacy school. Two years after using TBL as the primary method of instruction, both comprehensive and domain data from the HSRT-N were analyzed. Results In total, 163 pharmacy student scores met the inclusion criteria. The students’ numeracy skills measured by HSRT-N improved after 2 years of TBL instruction. Conclusion Numeracy was the most significantly improved HSRT-N domain in pharmacy students following two years of TBL instruction. Although a closer examination of numeracy development in TBL is warranted, initial data suggest that TBL instruction may be an adequate proxy for advancing numeracy in a cohort of pharmacy students. TBL may encourage a social practice of mathematics to improve pharmacy students’ ability to numerate critically.
Ikuo Konishi,Kaoru Abiko,Takuma Hayashi,Koji Yamanoi,Ryusuke Murakami,Ken Yamaguchi,Junzo Hamanishi,Tsukasa Baba,Noriomi Matsumura,Masaki Mandai,Kyoto Study Group for Ovarian Cancer Research 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.5
Epithelial ovarian cancer remains the lethal gynecological malignancy in women. The representative histotype is high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), and most patients with HGSC present at advanced stages with peritoneal dissemination. Since the peritoneal dissemination is the most important factor for poor prognosis of the patients, complete exploration for its molecular mechanisms is mandatory. In this narrative review, being based on the clinical, pathologic, and genomic findings of HGSC, chromosomal instability and epigenetic dynamics have been discussed as the potential drivers for cancer development in the fallopian tube, acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC)-like properties, and peritoneal metastasis of HGSC. The natural history of carcinogenesis with clonal evolution, and adaptation to microenvironment of peritoneal dissemination of HGSC should be targeted in the novel development of strategies for prevention, early detection, and precision treatment for patients with HGSC.