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      • Nematicidal and egg‐hatching inhibition activities of Kaempferia galanga rhizome‐derived materials and constituents toward root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)

        Tae‐Kyun Hong,Kym‐Na‐Ra Hwang,Jun‐Ran Kim,Young‐Joon Ahn 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

        The toxicity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome materials and constituents against Meloidogyne incognita second‐stage juveniles (J2) and eggs were examined. The active principles of K. galanga rhizome were identified as the phenylpropanoids ethyl (E)‐cinnamate (EC, 1) and ethyl (E)‐p‐methoxycinnamate (EMC, 2) by spectroscopic analysis. Results were compared with those of carbofuran, fosthiazate, and metam‐sodium. In direct‐contact mortality bioassay, EC (LC50, 0.037 mg/ml) was the most toxic constituent, followed by EMC (0.041 mg/ml). EC was more effective than carbofuran (LC50, 0.092 mg/ml) but less active than fosthiazate (0.002 mg/ml). EC, egg hatch was inhibited 100, 93, and 87% at 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg/ml, respectively. EMC caused 100, 81, and 75% inhibition of egg hatch at 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg/ml, respectively. The inhibition of two phenylpropanoids were similar or more inhibition to that of either carbofuran or metam‐sodium but was lower than that of fosthiazate. In contact + fumigant mortality bioassay, EC and EMC treatments resulted in 86 and c 73% mortality at 0.5 and 0.125 mg/g soil, respectively. The lethality of these phenylpropanoids was almost similar to that of either carbofuran or metam‐sodium but was lower than that of fosthiazate. In vapor‐phase mortality bioassay, EC and EMC were more effective in closed container than open containers, indicating that the mode of delivery of these compounds was, in part, a result of vapor action. K. galanga rhizome‐derived materials, merit further study as potential nematicides and hatching inhibitors for the control of M. incognita populations.

      • Allergen-Denaturing Activity of Propolis-Derived Compounds against Dermatophagoides farinae (Acari: Pyroglyphidae)

        Kym Na Ra Hwang,Jun-Ran Kim,Perumalsamy Haribalan,Soon-Ok Woo,Kwang-Gil Lee,Young-Joon Ahn 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

        The American house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes, is the most important factor of allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, and asthma. The protein-denaturing activity of nerolidol (1), chrysin (2), and spathulenol (3) identified in the Brazilian propolis against D. farinae was evaluated using SDS-PAGE and dot-blot immunoassay. Results were compared with those of the currently available dust mite protein-denaturing agent tannic acid. SDS-PAGE showed that application of test compounds and tannic acid (100 μg each) caused complete disappearance of D. farinae protein bands. In a dot-blot immunoassay, test compounds and tannic acid (100 μg each) strongly inhibited the IgE-binding reactivity to D. farinae protein of a highly mite-sensitive asthmatic patient. The Brazilian propolis constituents described merit further study as potential dust mite-allergen denaturants for protection from humans from various diseases caused by house dust mites.

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