Evolution of Social Complexity in Kaya, Korea

Kwon,Hak-Soo 한국상고사학회 1992 한국상고사학보 Vol.10 No.-

Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

한국인을 위한 웰빙과 영성 : 문화와 주관적 안녕감(Subjective Well-Being) 연구를 중심으로 Based on the Researches on Culture and Subjective Well-Being

권수영 연세대학교 신과대학 2004 신학논단 Vol.37 No.-

간암세포에서 저산소증에 의해 유도되는 VEGF의 발현기작에 대한 연구

권유욱,배수경,김정애,김규원,박병채 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 1997 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.7 No.-

Puropse: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a typical hypervasculized tumor is very sensitive to hypoxia and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has previously been identified to be up-regulated in response to hypoxia in several cell types. However, the molecular mechanisms by which hypoxia is sensed by the cells remain enigmatic. To investigate whether calcium and AP-1 are involved in hypoxia-sensing mechanism, we performed following experiments. Materials and Methods: Hep3B cells were grown in hypoxic condition. To assess cell viability, MTT assay was performed. To investigate the effect of calcium and AP-1, northern blot analysis was performed after treatment with BAPTA/AM. Results: The expression of VEGF was significantly up-regulated by hypoxia in Hep3B, hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. The increased expression of VEGF induced by hypoxia was blocked by the addition of BAPTA/AM, a cytosolic calcium chelator to the media. In addition, we found that the expression of c-jun protooncogene was also up-regulated by hypoxia. Hypoxic increase of c-jun expression was also normalized by the treatment with BAPTA/AM. Conclusion: These results suggest that the increased expression of VEGF by hypoxia is mediated through the calcium and c-jun signalling pathway in the Hep3B human hepatoma cell lines.

勤勞靑少年 敎育「System model」에 關한 硏究

권기덕,이수도 한국사회사업대학 학생지도연구소 1980 학생지도연구 Vol.4 No.-

원자흡수 분광기를 이용한 크롬의 효율적인 정량에 관한 연구

권수한,최희선 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1985 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.1 No.-

In the atomic absorption spectrometry of chromium by using air-acetylene flame, the interference of various interfering cations on the chromium absorption and repression of this interference by the addition of cerium and yttrium have been investigated. The following conclusions are obtained from the experimental results. 1. The sensitivity for chromium absorbance is favorable when the flow rate ratio of oxygen to acetylene is about 1:1 and the optical axis is 6㎜ above the burner. 2. The interferences by interfering cations existed in the sample solution as the same amount as chromium are completely released by the addition of cerium twice and yttrium three-fold as much as interfering cations.

연상단어 순위로 본 정신질환자의 죽음의식에 관한 연구

권혜진,이소우 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1983 中央醫大誌 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to explore the death consciousness of 60 psychiatric patients hospitalized in the 3 general hospitals with similar therapeutic environments in Seoul by means of free word association method. 10 words identified to be most frequently associated with death in the Kwon's study in 1980 were used in this study. 5 hypotheses were formed to achieve the objectives of the study. It's major findings are an follows; 1. In this study suicide topped the list of the 10 words followed by 'Disease', 'Graves', 'Emptiness', 'Incurable Disease', Frustration', 'Death', 'Disaster', 'Grief', and 'Darkness' in the responses of the psychiatric patients. The first hypothesis was found statistically significant and therefore, was verified. 2. No difference statistically significant was found in the order of frequencies in the patients' association of words related to 'death' by sex or age. 3. However, there was statistically significant difference in the order of frequencies in the patients' association of words by dignosis. Schizophrenic patients associated 'death' most frequently with emptiness and neurotic patients with 'incurable disease' while in the case of psychoneurotic patients, 'suicide' topped the list. Therefore the fourth hypothesis was verified. 4. There was a statistically significant difference by behavior characteristics, and the fifth hypothesis was denied.

Bainite 球狀黑鉛鑄鐵의 磨滅特性에 미치는 殘留Mg의 影響

權赫茂,朴相俊,金水泳 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1982 論文集 Vol.5 No.2

Bainite spheroidal graphite cast iron specimens of 0∼0.054wt % residual Mg were casted into a green sand mold, 25 mm thickness Y-block. The microstuctures of the castings were studied for mechanical properties and abrasion characteristics. The results obtained from this study are summerized as follows: 1) Under the present expermental conditions, the relation between the abrasion speed and the abraded amount are; 0.5m/sec for 1^st abrasive wear and 2.38m/sec for 2^nd abrasive wear. 2) Increasing the residual Mg, the first abrasion speed for 2nd abrasive wear moved to the low abrasion speed. 3) The maximum amount of abraded material during 2^nd abrasive wear decreases with the increasing residual Mg content, and moves to the high abrasion speed as the residual Mg is increased over 0.042 wt %. 4) The amount of abraded materials increases with the decreasing residual Mg at abrasion speed 2.38 m/sec and with the increasing residual Mg at abrasion speed 0.62∼1.14 m/sec. 5) Increasing the abrasion speed, abrasion mechanisms are as follows; ⓐ 1^st abrasive wear ⓑ 1^st corrosive wear ⓒ 2^nd abrasive wear ⓓ 2^nd corrosive wear. But, Under the present expermental condition the adhesive wear mechanism didn't appear.

셀룰러이동통신시스템의 인증 기능 설계 및 구현

권수근,최성구 경주대학교 정보전자기술연구소 2003 情報電子技術論叢 Vol.2 No.-

Security-related issues in mobile communications are increasing. The security requirements of mobile communications for the mobile users include authentication of the mobile user, the data confidentiality, the data confidentiality and the location privacy of mobile user. These services require security features compatible with the wireline networks. However, wireless networks have many restrictions compare to wireline networks such as the limited computational capability of mobile equipment and limited resource(bandwidth) between a mobile user and a fixed network. So, security features for IMT-2000 are designed to meet the limited capacity. In this paper, we analyze the required security features and mechanism, and design network access security feature effective for IMT-2000 Systems. The design includes security functions allocation to each system. Finally, discuss the computational power of each system based on allocated functions to it.

유·초등학교 교과용도서 장애관련 내용 분석 : Focusing on the Views of Disability

권택환,김수연,박은영,이유훈 국립특수교육원 2003 연구보고서 Vol.- No.2

장애학생 통합교육의 성공적 실행은 특수교육뿐 만 아니라 교육 전반의 당면과제이자 목표이다. 장애학생이 일반학교에서 일반아동들과 물리적, 사회적, 그리고 교육과정적으로 통합이 이루어지기 위해서는 학교 교육과정이 모든 학생에게 반응적이어야 하며, 궁극적으로 일반교육의 재구조화가 촉진되어야 하기 때문이다. 이에 일반교사와 아동들의 장애에 대한 태도 및 인식의 개선은 필수 전제조건으로 지적되고 있다. 장애인에 대한 태도 및 인식 개선은 다양한 방법으로 접근할 수 있겠으나, 학생들이 매일의 학교 수업에서 접하는 교과서에 장애관련 내용이 어떠한 수준과 내용으로 수록되어 있는지 살펴보는 것은 간과되어서는 안 될 중요한 문제이다. 시대적으로 교과서의 역할과 기능은 변화되어 왔으나 학교 현장에서 교과서는 변함없이 교사와 학생에게 지대한 영향을 미치고 있다. 장애학생의 통합교육을 강조하는 현 교육정책 속에서 7차 교육과정의 교과서에는 특히 일반학생들의 장애인식 개선을 위하여 학년별, 교과별로 다양한 장애관련 내용을 담으려는 노력이 역력하므로 적합한 내용이 제시되어 있는지 분석하는 것은 꼭 필요한 일이나, 아직까지 교과서에 수록된 장애관련 내용을 분석한 연구는 없다. 이에 본 연구는 유치원 교육활동 지도자료와 초등학교 교과서에 수록된 장애관련 내용을 분석하고자 하였다. 분석 방법은 문헌 연구와 내용 분석으로 유치원 교육활동 지도자료 12권 과 초등학교 10개 교과(생활의 길잡이, 사회과 탐구, 실험 관찰 포함)의 교과서, 16개 시ㆍ도 우리들은 1학년 16권, 통합교과(바른생활, 슬기로운 생활, 즐거운 생활)에서 장애와 관련된 내용(장애관련 용어, 삽화, 인물, 시설, 소계 등)을 학년별, 교과별로 분류하였다. 분류한 내 용을 분석하기 위하여 공통주제어를 추출하였다. 먼저 2명의 연구자가 독립적으로 내용을 읽으면서 관련 주제어를 기록하였다. 각자 주제어를 기록한 뒤 연구자 협의를 통해 공통으로 기록한 주제어를 추출하고, 다르게 기록한 주제어는 합의를 거쳐 최종 분석 주제어를 도출하였다. 주제어는 다음 6가지이다 (1) 보조도구 및 편의시설, (2) 장애 체험 활동, (3) 장애인 묘사, (4) 직접적 정보 제공 및 접촉, (5) 개인의 차이 수용 및 인권 존중, (6) 장애 관련 인물. 유치원 교육활동 지도자료와 초등학교 교과서에 나타난 장애관련 용어와 삽화, 그리고 6가지 주제로 분석한 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 장애관련 용어는 유치원 교육활동 지도자료에 가장 많이 수록되어 있었으며, 그 중에는 몇 가지 수정되어야 할 용어도 있었다(예, 장애 인형, 장애 그림, 정상인, 지체부자유자). 이에 반해 초등학교 1학년 교과서에는 직접적인 장애를 지칭하는 용어는 제시되어 있지 않고, 2학년부터 장애인이라는 용어가 명시되어 있다. 체육교과의 '장애물'과 실험관찰의 '앉은뱅이 저울'과 같이 교과교육 전문가와 함께 장애 인식 개선을 위해 용어 수정을 협의해야 할 필요성도 지적되었다. 둘째, 장애관련 삽화는 지체부자유와 시각장애인이 가장 많이 묘사되어 있었으며, 이들을 도와주는 방식은 주로 휠체어 밀기, 가방 들어 주기였다. 장애아동이 또래들과 수업 및 다양한 활동에 적극적으로 참여하며, 상호작용하는 모습의 삽화가 증가되는 것이 요구된다. 셋째, 주제별로 분석한 결과 교과서에 수록된 장애인들은 주로 장애로 인해 불편한 '처지'에 놓인 것으로 묘사되었으며, 일반인들은 이들의 어려움을 이해하여 도움을 제공해야 하는 것이 올바른 것으로 제시되어 있다. 장애인의 불편함을 이해하기 위하여 제시된 주요한 방법은 장애체험 활동이었다. 그리고 보조도구 및 편의시설의 확충을 사회복지 측면에서, 그러고 공정성의 확보 측면에서 장애인에게 제공되어야 할 중요한 지원의 하나인 것으로 명시되어 있었다. 장애를 직접적으로 제시하지는 않았지만 개인의 외모, 국적, 능력, 성별에 따른 차이를 수용하고 존중해야 함을 담고 있는 내용도 제시되어 있었다. 본 연구결과에 의하면 현재 유치원 교육활동 지도자료와 제 7차 교육과정의 교과서에는 장애관련 내용이 적지 않게 수록되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 통합교육이 확산되어 가는 현 시점에서 매우 고무적인 현상이라고 할 수 있다. 앞으로 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 올바르지 않은 용어와 삽화, 그리고 지문의 내용은 교과서 개정 시 고려되어야 할 것이다. 또한 실제 초등학교 교실 안에서 이루어지는 수업에서 장애이해 교육이 보다 효과적이며, 적합한 내용과 방법으로 이루어질 수 있도록 상세한 지도 방법이 '교사용 지도서' 에 안내되어야 할 것이다. The successful implementation of inclusive education is an urgent task not only for special education but also education in general. As is often suggested, teachers' and students' positive attitude and perception toward students with disabilities are crucial for this task. Particularly it is very important to analyze the way the textbooks depict disabilities. However, there is no research yet to be done about this subject. The purpose of this study is to analyze the textbook contents concerning disabilities. We employ literature review and content analysis as our research method. 12 instructional materials for the educational activities of kindergarten, 10 different subject textbooks of elementary school, the 16 first-grade textbooks of 16 cities and states (they have the same title, 'We are first-graders," but their contents differ), and the contents of subject-integrated texts concerning disabilities are classified according to grades and subjects. We devise six frameworks of analysis and analysis indicators are as follows: (1) assistive technology and convinience facilities (2) the simulation of disabilities (3) the description of disabilities (4) providing direct information on disabilities and direct contact with disabilities (5) the acceptance of individual differences and the respect for human rights (6) people with disabilities. The summary of our findings is as follows. First, contents concerning disabilities appear most frequently in instructional materials of kindergarten, and there are some words that need to be changed (e.g. a normal person and a physically handicapped person). It is also pointed out that word change would be considered in consultation with specific textbook specialists to foster positive perceptions about disabilities (e.g. "hindrance" in the textbook of physical education and "a crippled scale" in the textbook of experiment and observation). Second, person with visual impairment and person with physical disability appear predominantly in the illustrations depicting disabilities, and the major activities to aid these children are wheelchair-pulling and backpack-carrying. To increase illustrations that portray children with disabilities to participate actively in classroom activities as well as various non-classroom activities interacting with their peer children is required. Third, in the textbooks people with disability are mainly depicted as being put in an uncomfortable "situation," and as those who need help from others. In addition, they suggest the simulative experience of disability as the major way to understand the uncomfortable situation of disability. They also propose that the expansion of assistive technology and convinience facilities is considered one of the most important main support for disabilities. We can find in these textbooks that although they do not refer to disability directly, there are many contents that encourage the acceptance of individual differences (the difference of countenance, nationality, ability, and gender). In conclusion, we find out that current instructional materials for the educational activities of kindergarten and the elementary textbooks of 7th national curriculum contain a considerable amount of contents concerning disability. We regard this as very encouraging. When the textbook is revised, our study will help to choose more proper words, illustrations, and contents. We suggest that more detailed guidelines for understanding disability which help teachers to teach appropriate contents in a more effective and perceptive way in the classrooms of kindergarten and elementary school should be provided.