표층확대형 조기위암 1예

고성만,김기훈,서호종,서광섭,유광렬,채선애,임병욱,김홍자,김호정,김진승,허병원,김해경 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 2001 中央醫大誌 Vol.26 No.3

The superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer has usually been defined as an early gastric cancer in which the product of the longest diameter and the diameter perpendicular to it was greater than 25㎠. Although the superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer is histologically aggressive compared with those without such histological aggressiveness, the 5 year survival rate is as good as a non-superficial spreading types of early gastric cancers if the wide surgical resection with extensive lymph node dissection is performed as a treatment. We experienced a case of superficial spreading early gastric cancer in a 59-year-old man. This case is reported with a brief review of related literature.

급성 심근경색증에 동반된 승모판 폐쇄부전증의 임상적 특징

정상만,조영일,조화상,유광하,송기호,인행환 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1997 건국의과학학술지 Vol.- No.7

고려후기 교육제도사 연구동향 분석

최광만 韓國敎育史學會 2005 한국교육사학 Vol.27 No.2

This study aims at examining the trends of the current studies about the Korea Dynasty educational system in the latter period, so giving the foundation of the restarting studies about the theme. For this purpose, this study divides current studies into two domains, eg school and examination and subdivides school into three areas(Kukja-Gam, Hyang-Gyo, Private schools) and examination into two areas.(Kukja-Gam-Si, Seungbo-Si) The results are as follows; First, the current studies are lacking of the historical perspective which gives the factual correspondency between the educational phenomenon of former period and latter period. Second, the current studies are lacking of the understanding of the relationship between China and Korea in the same period. Third, the current studies are lacking of the educational theory which gives the meaning to the educational facts. Finally, the current studies are affected by political explanation. The results shows that the current studies have many difficulties in explaining the educational system of Korea Dynasty. In order to escape the difficulties, we must equip with various theoretical arms.

수유방법 및 기간이 아동의 타액내 환원효소활성검사성적과 유치우식경험도에 끼친 영향

배상만,노동주,김대업,이광희 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the lactation of human or bovine milk and the method of using nursing bottles on the salivary invertase test scores and deciduous caries experience of children. 328 preschool children (boys 178, girls 150) in Iksan city were selected for this study. The parents of the children were asked to answer the questionnaire about the lactation of human or bovine milk and the time of using nursing bottles. The data were obtained from the salvary invertase activity score,(Resazurin Disc Test) deciduous caries experience and the questionnaire. The result were as follows. The invertase activity and caries experience of the human milk higher than that of the bovine milk group(p<0.05). There were significant positive relationships between the lactation period and the invertase activity and between the lactation period and the caries experience(p<0.05). Caries experience had a tendency to increase as the time of using nursing bottles increase(p>0.05).

부산지역 일부 종합병원의 컴퓨터 단말기 작업을 하는 여성 원무업무종사자들에 있어서 누적외상성장애에 대한 조사

전만중,유병철,고광욱,이용환 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

registration system were organized, computerized, and simplified. Especially the workers for the hospital registration desk were almost used computer all the working time. Therefore we assessed cumulative trauma disorder of registration desk workers related to computer use of general hospital. Methods: 62 women computer users who worked for registration desk of general hospitals in Busan were assessed from March to August, 2007. The workers were checked general characteristics(age, educational level, and marital status), work related characteristics, and symptoms by self-administered questionnaires. Results: Significantly decreased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more educational level, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 69.2% among high school graduates, 38.2% among junior college graduates, and 20.0% among college graduates. Significantly increased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more duration of computer use, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 56.5% for those who had used computer for more than 8 hours, 32.1% for those who had used computer for 4-7 hours, and 27.3% for those who had used computer for less than 3 hours. And Significantly increased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more maximun daily computer use time without break, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 66.7% for those who had used computer for more than 7 hours, 38.1% for those who had used computer for 3-6 hours, and 21.7% for those who had used computer for less than 2 hours. Multiple logistic regression showed that subjects who had more maximum daily computer use time without break was more likely to report patient. Conclusion: Therefore these findings suggest that preventive interventions on hospital registration desk worker related to computer use were needed

실리콘 미세가공 기술을 이용한 마이크로 진공 센서

이광만,고성택,김영민,고희선 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1998 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.9 No.1

A micro-vacuum sensor has been fabricated by using silicon micromachining techniques and platinum thin film. NON insulator was deposited by LPCVD and APCVD methods. The insulator diaphragm was fabricated by silicon anisotropic etching in TMAH solution. Thin film platinum heater and temperature detector were deposited by rf sputtering method and patterning was performed by means of lift-off method. Deposited platinum heater and temperature detector have been shown a linear Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristics. TCR(temperature coefficient of resistance) of thin film platinum heater and temperature detector was about 0.0042/℃. Fabricated vacuum sensor was measured in the range of 1x10­³Torr to 1×10² Torr, and shows a good linear operating characteristics in the range of 1x10­² Torr에서 1x10˚Torr.

한일학생 및 일본 근로자에 대한 아침-저녁형과 수면습관에 대한 비교

박영만,서유진,박광박,Kazuya, Matsumoto 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1996 硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.-

한국대학생 533명 및 468명의 일본 대학생, 동일 연령대의 311명의 일본근로자에 대해 아침-저녁형 설문지 및 생활 습관 조사를 실시했다. 점수분포는 정규 분포였으나, 일본대학생 그룹은 약간 야간형으로 기울어진 분포를 보였다. 세 그룹 전부 기상시각 및 취침시각은 아침형,중간형,저녁형 순으로 늦었다. 그러나 일반적으로 한국대학생이 일본 대학생 보다 빠른 기상시각을 보였다. 근로자 집단은 학생보다 빠른 기상과 취침을 보였다. 세개 그룹 모두 아침형,중간형,저녁형 순으로 취침기상시각 및 수면시간의 변동성이 크고, 입면시각이 길고, 기상시 기분이 나빴다. 한국대학생이 일본 대학생 보다 약간 아침형으로 지우쳐 있지만 양국학생의 전반적인 수면습관은 비슷했다. 그리고 아침형 보다 저녁형의 수면 습관이 불규칙했다. 그리고 일본 근로자의 점수가 일본 학생 집단보다 약간 높고, 수면습관도 조금 달랐다. 이것은 사회생활의 제한으로 인한 수면습관의 변화가 M-E점수에 영향을 준다고 생각된다. The Morningness-eveningness questionnaire(MEQ) and life habits inventory were carried out with the three groups of 533 Korean students, 468 Japanese students, and 311 Japanese workers in the same age level. The distributions of score for these three groups look like normal, but the Japanese students distributions of is skewed to evening type. The self-reported waking times and bedtimes for the three groups was late the order of morning type, intermediate type, and evening type. However, generally the Korean students woke up earlier than the Japanese students. The workers always went to bed and woke up earlier than the students. For all the three groups, the variation in bedtime, waking time, and sleep length was large, the sleep latency was long, and the mood at waking was bad in the order of morning type, intermediate type, and evening type. The scores of the Korean student group on the questionnaire were distributed more to morning type than the Japanese student group, but sleep habits of the students of both countries were similar. The subjects of the evening type had more irregular sleep habits than those of the morning type. In comparison with the student group, the Japanese workers of the same age had higher scores on M-E and slightly different sleep habits. This means the change of sleep habits as a result of the demands of employment cause the change in the scores.

센서응용을 이한 CMOS열전대의 공정기술 개발

이광만,김진섭,이춘흥,Liu, C.C. 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 연차보고서 Vol.1995 No.-

마이크로 열전센서는 마이크로히터와 열전소자로 구성된다. 열전도율이 낮고 내부응력이 최소화된 NON절연막 다이아프램을 LPCVD법, APCVD법 및 실리콘 이방성식각법을 각각 활용하여 형성하였다. Si_3N_4 및 SiO_2의 두께가 각각 1500Å 및 3000Å의 조합인 NON막이 가장 양호한 응력특성을 나타내었다. 고주파 스퍼터링법으로 형성된 백금박막을 이용한 히터와 온도감지기로 형성된 마이크로 가스유량센서를 제조하고 그 동작특성을 측정하였다. 유량센서의 동작특성은 100∼500sccm의 유량범위에서 양호한 선형성을 보였다. CMOS공정기술과 호환성을 갖는 마이크로 유량센서의 마스크패턴과 공정을 각각 설계하였다. A micro thermosensor is composed of a microheater and a thermo element. NON insulator diaphragm with low thermal conductivity and minimum internal stress was fabricated^by using LPCVD, APCVD and silicon anisotropic etch techniques. The deposited NON film represented the best stress characteristics when the thickness of Si_3N_4 and SiO_2 are 1500Å and 3000Å, respectively. A micro gas-flow sensor was fabricated and characterized that is consist of platinum thin film heater and temperature detector. The performance characteristics of the micro gas-flow sensor shows a good linearity within 100-500sccm flow rate range. Mask pattern and CMOS process of micro gas-flow sensor have been designed according to CMOS process technology.

MPEG 비트스트림의 비트율 변환을 위한 비트율 제어기 개발

박구만,이광직 서울産業大學校 2000 논문집 Vol.51 No.2

The concept of MPEG-2 transcoding is related to the changing or scaling the amount of data in a previously encoded MPEG bitstream. The development of the bit rate converting transcoder consists of three parts which are the coding structure, the bit rate controller and the quantizer. We introduced a new rate-quantization model based on the macroblock activity and DCT coefficients. This model can be commonly used among different type of pictures such as I-, P-, and B-pictures. A new bit rate control algorithm is proposed that uses a priori knowledge from the given bitstream and it showed a better performance over the MPEG-2 TM5 algorithm by the computer simulation.

오답사례 조별발표방식이 수학과 학습태도 및 학업성취에 미치는 영향

곽만영,김승동 한국학교수학회 2000 韓國學校數學會論文集 Vol.3 No.1

The idea to be changed first among the general ideas of mathematics is that, from the standpoint of teachers, one-sided teaching is efficient due to the progress of classwork of excessive quantity, and, from the standpoint of students, they say they gave up mathematics publicly feeling uneasiness in every class because of the deficiency of previous learning and interest, and they think all problems are due to the educational system, neglecting their studies, not participating actively in lessons. Therefore this study is, after giving learning points and problem papers of which the degree of difficulty differs to the groups of students divided into the advanced, intermediate, and elementary by personal abilities of learning and concerns, tried out to remove uniformity and integrity of lessons through solving the problems students can, to convert lessons to the learner-oriented that learners take part in voluntarily through discussing, solving the problems, and correcting the errors of them by group-cooperative actions, for the students to realize that they can solve everything only by their own endeavors.