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Kusuma RATNAWATI 한국유통과학회 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.11
This study aims to analyze the influence of financial inclusion on micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises’ (MSMEs) performance and examine the mediation role of financial intermediation and access to capital. The object of this study is MSMEs in Malang, Indonesia. The sample consists of 100 MSME actors in Malang City, which is determined using Roscoes theory. The data is collected using Simple Random Sampling method, by distributing questionnaire measured with Likert scales. The hypotheses proposed in this study are examined using Partial Least Square (PLS) model. The results of this study show that financial inclusion influences MSMEs’ performance both directly and indirectly through mediation from financial intermediation and access to capital. The direct influence means that the efforts to increase access to financial services, especially access to credit financing for MSMEs, will be able to increase market share, number of workers, sales, as well as profit of the MSMEs. Increased financial inclusion has a major impact on improving MSMEs’ performance through financial intermediation compared to access to capital. This means that the increase of financial access for MSMEs followed by an increase in financial intermediation in the form of a financial service approach to MSMEs will improve MSMEs’ performance.
KUSUMA, Hadri,MUAFI, Muafi,AJI, Hendy Mustiko,PAMUNGKAS, Sigit Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.10
This study examines the acceptance factors, barriers, benefits, and strategies for resolving Information and Communication Technology (ICT) adoption and usage problems based on the different demographic characteristics of SMEs. The demographic characteristics investigated are gender, educational qualifications, age, managerial status, and years of business experience. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to examine a more comprehensive demographic characteristics in the context of ICT adoption. A survey using self-administered questionnaires was conducted to retrieve information from SME owners/managers in Pekalongan, the local city of Indonesia. The items in the questionnaire were discussed with various experts in the field and a pilot study was conducted prior to the distribution of the research instrument. The study made some interesting findings. No significant differences were found in the SMEs' adoption factors between the demographics of gender groups and educational qualifications. However, significant disparities were found to exist among the age compositions, managerial status, and years in business. Additionally, younger managers/owners of SMEs find it easier to understand the background factors of ICT adoption. Lastly, older managers/owners are more likely to stick to the organizational status quo, be less able to learn new technology, and more likely to avoid risky decisions.
Energy Management System of Electric Bus Equipped with Regenerative Braking and Range Extender
Kusuma Christopher Fernaldy,Budiman Bentang Arief,Nurprasetio Ignatius Pulung,Islameka Metha,Masyhur Abdul Hakim,Aziz Muhammad,Reksowardojo Iman Kartolaksono 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.6
Electric buses are usually designed with various energy management features to overcome the limited cruising range problem. This paper reveals the impact of different energy management systems applied in the electric bus intended for rapid transit usage on battery state of charge and energy consumption. Different systems can be distinguished based on combinations of range extender usages and regenerative braking strategies. Simulations have been done using models developed from the fundamental theory of vehicle engineering and the bus's design parameters. The results show that the minimum energy consumption can be achieved by an energy management system, adopting a serial regenerative braking strategy without the use of a range extender. It is also found that the serial regenerative braking strategy can save up to 15 % energy compared to the absence of the regenerative braking system. In comparison, the absence of a range extender contributes to a 7 % reduction in energy consumption. However, considering the range anxiety of the driver, the designed electric bus for rapid transit is recommended to utilize both the range extender and parallel regenerative braking strategy. The developed model in this work can be implemented to redesign or further optimize specific components and operating procedures of the bus.
Kusuma, I.W.,Kuspradini, H.,Arung, E.T.,Aryani, F.,Min, Y.H.,Kim, J.S.,Kim, Y.u. Elsevier 2011 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.4 No.1
Extracts of Indonesian medicinal plants, Murraya koenigii, Syzygium polyanthum, and Zingiber purpurea were investigated for their biological activity. The presence of phytochemicals, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were investigated. Parts of M. koenigii, S. polyanthum, and Z. purpurea were extracted with ethanol. The extracts were evaluated for antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion method, while antioxidant activity was determined with a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxicity was investigated using the brine shrimp lethality test, and phytochemical screening was performed using a standard method. M. koenigii leaf extract exhibited the most activity in the test microorganism activity index (AI), 0.38-1.25, when compared with standard drugs. S. polyanthum ripened fruit displayed significant antioxidant activity (90%) in comparison to ascorbic acid (95%). Z. purpurea rhizome extract possessed the highest cytotoxic effect with a LC<SUB>50</SUB> of 52 μg/mL. Phytochemical analysis revealed that carbohydrate, tannin, alkaloid, steroid, triterpenoid, and flavonoid were present in the extracts of M. koenigii leaves and twigs, S. polyanthum leaves and ripened and unripe fruits, and Z. purpurea rhizome, while saponin was only present in the S. polyanthum ripened fruit extract. Our work revealed that the M. koenigii leaves, S. polyanthum ripened fruit, and Z. purpurea rhizome extracts have potential as sources of new antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic compounds, respectively.
( Kusuma Samuel ) 한세대학교 영산신학연구소 2016 영산신학저널 Vol.37 No.-
This is an in depth theological research based in the truth in Holy Bible, to respond many discussions and debates among theologians about ‘Praying and speaking (Glosotalia) in Holy Spirit based on Ephesians 6:18. Based on Christian’s faith, prayer is not a mere spiritual activity which takes place as time allows. Prayer is also not a necessary only whenever an urgent need occurs and otherwise deemed unnecessary. Prayer is also not a routine activity without spiritual values. Prayer is an important element in the life of a believer’s faith. John Hesselink said, “One of the most important aspects of the life of the faith is prayer.”The command to prayer was given explicitly in the New Testament, in Ephesians 6:18 and Jude 1:20. What does the Holy Bible mean by praying in Holy Spirit? Why does the Holy Bible encourage God’s people to pray in Holy Spirit? Is praying in Holy Spirit simply another specific ritual to pray? Or, is it true that praying in Holy Spirit also means praying with tongues (Glosolalia)? Christians need to always pray in the Holy Spirit (Eph 6:18; Jude 1:20). By the help of Holy Spirit, he is enabled to invoke a prayer that is acceptable in God’s will. This is the difference between prayer of the righteous and prayer of the wicked: the righteous pray in the Holy Spirit, centered to God and for God’s glory while the prayer of the wicked is based on their own will and lust, self-centered and for self-glory. By praying more in tongues (Glosolalia) and led by the Holy Spirit, then our prayer and faith shall be in accordance with God’s will and be perfect (Rom 8:26).