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Jean-Francois Stumper,Sascha Kuehl,Ralph Kennel 전력전자학회 2011 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2011 No.5
A predictive current control scheme for permanentmagnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) with deadbeat performance is presented. Major problems of such control schemes are the delay of the discrete control system, machine parameter uncertainties and measurement noise. With conventional methods, the delay can be easily compensated, but the effects of uncertainties can only be handled when they are comparably slow. This paper presents a new filtering method that attenuates the negative effects of parameter uncertainties in fast transients. The predictive controller inputs are actual measurements averaged with previous current predictions. As a result, the stability range is extended, and the oscillations caused by parameter uncertainties are damped. Noise sensitivity is also reduced. The system response is not slowed down. The results are confirmed analytically and experimentally.
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Utilization of cryopreserved sperm cells based on the indication for storage
Graham Luke Machen,Stephanie E. Harris,Erin T. Bird,Monica L. Brown,Dale A. Ingalsbe,Milaida M. East,Michelle Reyes,Thomas J. Kuehl 대한비뇨의학회 2018 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.59 No.3
Purpose: Cryopreservation of sperm from human semen has been available since the 1950s. The actual utilization of available cryopreservation technology has been infrequently reported. We set out to examine the utilization and outcomes of cryopreserved sperm cells based on the indication for storage. Materials and Methods: A dataset was developed from retrospective review. The purposes for cryopreservation, eventual utilization, and outcomes of use for insemination were recorded. The types of utilization were accumulated as proportions for different purposes. The timing for use of samples for insemination procedures was evaluated using survival statistics. The frequency of patients arranging to destroy samples was also reported. Results: From September 1988 through March 2015, 1442 samples were cryopreserved. Samples were cryopreserved for four primary purposes: infertility treatments focused on intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization/intracellular injection (IVF/ICSI), for fertility preservation related to cancer treatment, or prior to military deployment. Total utilization rates were 19.3%. Samples cryopreserved for IUI were more likely to be used (64.3%), while samples cryopreserved as backup for IVF/ICSI were more likely to be destroyed (29.8%). Pregnancy rates varied based on the indication and ART used. Pregnancies per cycle were 35% for IVF/ICSI and were 10% for IUI. Conclusions: Cryopreservation of sperm is a valuable and underutilized resource, particularly amongst male cancer patients. This technology can facilitate infertility treatments based on a variety of indications, including deployment—a patient cohort unique to our dataset.
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