무증상의 현미경적 혈뇨의 비뇨기과적 고찰

구자현,서병욱,김영호,송윤섭,전윤수,김민의,이남규,박영호 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

We intended to know whether all of the patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria should be urologically investigated routinely. We reviewed the medical records with asmptomatic microscopic hematuria from January 1995 to December 1997. Urological studies included intravenous urography or ultrasonography, urine cytology, cystoscopy and biopsy, urine AFB smear and culture and urine PCR for AFB. The age with patients ranged from 9 to 74 years(mean age: 39.7 years). Benign diseases were found in elderly patients and patients with high degree of hematuria, but there was no patients who had urological malignant disease. According to the results, we suggest that follow-up with urine cytology is sufficient to younger patients or low degree of hematuria with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria.

BRS 생체정보 분석방법(分析方法)의 정확도(正確度) 확인 연구

유상구,임무열,오상문,유경배,신연호,박병운,이완희 한국정신과학학회 1998 韓國精神科學學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

BRS는 인간의 잠재능력을 적극적으로 계발 · 활용하여 임의의 시료에 대한 미지 (未知)의 생체정보 (Bio-Information)를 편리하게 분석할 수 있는 효과적이고 경제적인 분석장비이다. 그러나 BRS와 관련된 분석방법 자체의 정확도에 대한 연구는 충분하게 이루어지지 않고 있다. 그래서 BRS 분석방법의 정확도를 과학적으로 확인해보기 위해서 본 연구를 진행했다 실험결과, BRS에 의한 생체정보 분석방법 의 정확도는 측정자의 숙련정도에 따라 다르지만 고급 측정자의 경우에는 95% 이상의 높은 확률로 표준시료의 생체정보를 정확하게 분석할 수 있으며, 측정자의 분석능력이 떨어지는 경우에는 여러 명의 측 정자를 대상으로 비교검토(Cross-Check) 방식으로 실험을 보완하면 90% 이상의 정확도를 확보할 수 있었다. BRS is a sort of analysis-instrument which help to estimate some Bio-Information for a sample conveniently and effectively But, for lack of the study to verify the confidence-degree of the Bio-Information analysis method related to BRS, the availability of the method is not known clearly yet, It was the reason that made authors perform this study And It was possible to arrive at the following two conclusions I though the confidence-degree of the Bio-Information analysis method ny BRS was different according to the degree of the expertness of a person using the instrument in the case of the very skillful expert, the confidence-degree for the standard sample used in this study was reached to 95% up 2 In the general case, to improve of the confidence-degree of the Bio-Information analysis method by BRS, the cross-check method by the several measuring person can be introduced.

실리카지지 루테늄에서 일산화탄소와 산소 공동흡착에 관한 FTIRS 연구

박상윤,윤구식,윤동욱 울산대학교 2002 자연과학논문집 Vol.12 No.1

살리카 지지 루테늄에서 일산화탄소의 압력, 루테늄 함량, 흡착온도를 변화시키면서 적외선 스펙트럼을 관찰했다. 또한 실리카 지지 루테늄에서 일산화탄소와 산소의 혼합기체의 분압비를 변화시키면서 적외선 스펙트럼을 관찰했다. 실리카 지지 루테늄에 일산화탄소를 흡착시켰을 때 2004.2-2038.9 ㎝^-1, 2077.5∼2089.0 ㎝^-1, 2141.1∼2145.0 ㎝^-1 세 흡수띠가 관찰되었다. 관찰된 스펙트럼에서 흡수띠의 위치는 문헌에 보고된 바와 거의 일치한다 2077.5∼2089.0 ㎝^-1와 2141.1∼2145.0 ㎝^-1 두 흡수띠의 흡수세기가 산소의 분압을 증가시켰을 때 증가했다. 본 연구의 결과는 실리카 지지 루테늄에 일산화탄소와 산소 혼합기체를 흡착시켰을 때 나타나는 ∼2130 ㎝^-1, 흡수띠와 ∼2080 ㎝^-1 흡수띠는 각각 산화된 루테늄 원자와 그 영향을 받는 루테늄 원자에 흡착된 일산화탄소에서 CO의 신축진동에 의한 것이라는 Brown 등의 주장을 뒷받침한다. The infrared spectra for CO adsorbed on silica supported ruthenium have been investigated at various partial pressures and temperatures within the frequency range of 1500∼2300 ㎝^-1. Also the infrared spectra for CO/O_2 gas mixtures adsorbed on silica supported ruthenium have been investigated at various partial pressure ratios within the frequency range of 1500∼2300 ㎝^-1. Three bands (2004.2-2038.9 ㎝^-1, 2077.5∼2089.0 ㎝^-1, 2141.1∼2145.0 ㎝^-1) were observed when CO and O_2 were coadsorbed on silica supported ruthenium. The frequencies of the bands observed correspond with the previous reports approximately. The relative intensities of 2077.5∼2089.0 ㎝^-1 band and 2141.1∼2145.0 ㎝^-1 band increased with raising O_2 partial pressure. These results support Brown and Gonzalez's argument that ∼2080 ㎝^-1 band and ∼2130 ㎝^-1 band are arised from the CO stretching vibration for CO molecules adsorbed on the ruthenium atoms perturbed by the oxygen atoms bonded to the ruthenium atoms and on the oxidized ruthenium atoms respectively.

폴리비닐 슬폰산-디비닐벤젠의 합성과 이온교환성질에 관한 연구

서구원,윤종태,맹기석 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1988 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.3 No.1

Radical copolymerization of the complexed vinylacetate-divinyl benzene initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile was carried out in toluene at 98℃ for 7hours. Polyvinylalcohol-divinylbenzene resin was prepared by transesterificating vinylacetate-divinylbenzene copolymer with a 1% methanolic sodium hydroxide solution. Sulfonated polyvinylalcohol-divinylbenzene(SPALDVB) was prepared by sulfonating vinylalcohol-divinylbenzene resin with conc-sulfuric acid. The composition of each synthetic resin were identified by means of infrared adsorption spectroscopy. 1) SPVALDVB possess exchange capacity of 7.8 meq/g. 2) Adsorption of SPVALDVB were increased when pH is increased. 3) The determination of the distribution coefficient was carried out in 0.1-1.0 N hydrochloric acid solution containing 20-90% of the ethanol, ethylene-glycol. Increasing hydrochloric acid concentration, Kd is decreased. 4) The separation of Co(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ)ion is possible in 40% ethanol with 0.5N hydrochloric acid mixture.

실리카지지 니켈-구리 합금에서 일산화탄소의 흡착에 관한 FTIRS 연구

박상윤,윤구식,윤동욱 울산대학교 2003 자연과학논문집 Vol.13 No.1

실리카지지 니켈, 실리카지지 구리, 실리카지지 니켈과 구리의 합금에서 일산화탄소의 압력을 변화시키면서 적외선 스펙트럼을 관찰했다. 또한 시료를 실온에서 진공탈착시키면서 적외선 스펙트럼을 관찰했다. 실리카지지 니켈에 일산화탄소를 흡착시켰을 때 2019.1~2036.5 cm^(-1), 1862.9~1868.7 cm¹의 두 흡수띠가 관찰되었고, 실리카지지 구리에 일산화탄소를 흡착시켰을 때 2109.8~2115.5 cm^(-1)의 두 흡수띠가 관찰되었으며, 실리카지지 니켈과 구리의 합금에서는 2113.6~2123.2 cm¹, 2009.5~2036.4 cm^(-1), 1876.4 cm^(-1)~1899.5 cm^(-1)의 세 흡수띠가 관찰되었다. 실리카지지 구리, 실리카지지 니켈, 실리카지지 구리-니켈에서 관찰된 흡수스펙트럼은 이전의 보고와 근사적으로 일치했다. 실리카지지 구리-니켈에서 조성에 따른 흡수띠의 이동은 Ni과 Cu의 원자의 크기의 차이로 인한 표면 스트레인의 변화, 표면에서 금속의 전자밀도 변화, 표면 구조의 변화의 복합작용으로 설명이 가능하다. We have investigated the infrared spectra for CO adsorbed on silica supported nickel, copper, Ni-Cu alloys of several compositions at various CO partial pressures and on pumping to vacumn at room temperature within the frequency range of 1500 cm^(-1)~2500 cm^(-1). Two bands(2019.1-2036.5 cm^(-1), 1862.5- 1868.7 cm^(-1)) were observed for the 4 % Ni-SiO₂sample, a band(2109.8~2115.5 cm^(-1)) was observed for the 4 % Cu-SiO₂sample, and three bands(2113.6~2123.2 cm^(-1), 2009.5~2036.5 cm^(-1), 1876.4~1888.5 cm^(-1)) were observed for the 4 % Ni/Cu-SiO₂samples. These absorption bands corresponded with those of the previous reports. With the 4 % Ni/Cu-SiO₂ samples the absorption band shifts may be ascribed to interaction of the strain changes due to atomic size differerence, the changes of electronic densities, and the changes of surface geometries.

볼 엔드밀 가공의 유연 절삭력 모델에 관한 연구

최종근,강윤구,이재종 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.12 No.2

This research suggests a cutting force model for the ball end milling processes. This model includes the effect of tool run out and tool deflection. In the proposed model, the flutes of ball end mills are considered as series of infinitesimal elements and each cutting edge is assumed to be straight for the analysis of the oblique cutting process, in which the small cutting edge element as been analyzed as an orthogonal cutting process in the plane including the cutting velocity and the chip-flow vector. Therefore, the cutting forces can be calculated through the model using the orthogonal cutting data obtained from the orthogonal cutting test. In order to enhance the performance of the model, the flutes of ball end mill are defined to keep geometric consistency at the peak of the ball part and the junction with he end mill part. The divided infinitesimal cutting edges are regulated to be even lengths. Some experiments show the validity of the developed model in the various cutting conditions.

강원도 함백폐탄광지역에서 생성되는 광산배수의 수질 특성

박천영,정연중,김성구,조갑진 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2001 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.23 No.2

This study investigated geochemical characteristics of the mine drainage discharged from the abandoned coal mine in the Hamback area. Sampling of stream waters(21) were carried out in the Hamback area. The pH, EC, TDS, Eh and Do contents were measured in field and ions such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mn. Fe, S r , Al. Cr, Cu. Zn, Ge, As, Mo, Cd, Sb, Ba, Pb, F, Cl. No₃ and SO₄ were analyzed by GFAAS, AAS, ICP-AES, ICP-MS and IC. In stream waters, pH values increased, whereas total dissolved solids(TDS), electrical conductivity(EC) and dissolved oxygen(D0) values decreased with distance. Eh negative values a t upstream site were found, suggesting that its caused by the organic material in the retention pond, and these value in stream water effluent from the retention pond increased progressively with distance. The concentration of toxic heavy metals and major cations except Na, Cl, No₃, Cu, Mo and Sb decreased rapidly due to retention pond, but the concentration of Na, Cl, No₃, Cu, Mo and Sb increased gradually with distance. The concentration of Na, Cl and No₃ increasing with distance, which indicate by domestic waste. Major ions, such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, F, Cl, SO₄ and HCO₃ were statically analyzed in order to investigate relationship with TDS contents. M is observed that TDS contents have-positive relation with K, Ca, Mg, F, so4 and HC0₃ contents, but negative relationships with Na, Cl and No₃ contents. Most stream surface waters showed a calcium-sulfate and noncarbonate hardness dominating water quality type. In geochemical modeling for stream surface waters, the saturation index of gibbsite were oversaturated with respect to gibbsite.

산성광산배수 및 증발잔류광물에 대한 지구화학적 연구

박천영,정연중,박신숙,김성구 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2001 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.23 No.1

This study investigated geochemical characteristics of acid mine drainage(AMD) discharged from the abandoned coal mine and gold mine. Water sample of acid mine drainage were collected from 9 locations at Hwasun, Kwangyang, Chonam, Taback and Sangdong area. The yellowish and brown color of evaporated material was prepared by air dry for 9 acid water samples during 20 days in the laboratory As the 9 acid water samples become fully drying, the concentration of this water become progressively more concentrated and its may be eventually reached saturation with respect to either gypsum or ferrohexahydrite. The value of density for acid mine drainage increase with increasing TDS and EC values. The value of activity for acid mine drainage increase with those real ion concentration. The x-ray powder diffraction studies identified that the evaporated materials were gypsum, ferrohexahydrite and kaolinite. Diagnostic peaks used for identification of gypsum were the 7.62, 4.28, 3.80, 3.07, 2.88, 2.68, 2.22, 1.90 and 1.62Å peaks. Diffraction peaks at 6.00, 5.48, 5.13, 4.89, 4.40, 3.46, 3.20, 3.03, 2.97, 2.94, 2.79, 2.27 2.09Å may indicate ferrohexahydrite. In the SEM and EDS analysis, the crystals of acicular and columnar in the evaporated materials probably shown the gypsum.

금속분말 사출성형공정 중 초임계 CO_2를 이용한 탈지공정에서 공용매 효과

김용호,임종성,이윤우,박종구,이창하 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.1

초임계상태에서 공용매의 첨가는 용매의 밀도와 성질을 변화시켜 용해력을 증진시키게 된다. 이러한 이유로 초임계 유체를 이용한 추출공정에서 추출효율을 높이기 위해 공용매를 첨가하는 방법을 많이 사용한다. 본 연구에서는 금속분말사출성 형공정 중 초임계 CO_2를 이용한 탈지 공정에서 공용매 첨가가 탈지시간에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 공용매로는 methanol, I-butanol, n-hexane, dichloromrthane을 사용하였다. Paraffin wax가 주결합제인 시편의 경우 348.15K, 25MPa의 조건에서 5w% n-hexane을 첨가하면 순수 초임계 CO_2만을 이용하여 탈지할 때보다 탈지속도가 2배 이상 증가하였고, 압력과 공용매의 농도 증가에 따라 탈지시간을 더욱 단축시킬 수 있었다. 또한 탈지속도를 Fick의 diffusion model에 적용시켜 계산한 결과 실험값과 잘 일치하는 것을 확인하였고, 이를 이용하여 paraffin wax의 확산도를 구할 수 있었다. In this study, we have investigated the effect of cosolvents on supercritical CO_2 debinding in metal injection molding(MIM) process. We used mrthanol, l-butanol, n-hexane, and dichloromethane as cosolvents. In paraffin wax based systerm, the debinding rate was ebhanced when non-polar or midium-polar cosolvents, such as n-hexane or dichloromrthane was added into supercritical CO_2, while it was decreased when polar cosolvents such as methanol or l-butanol was added. For example, the debinding rate enhanced more than two times by adding 5wt% of n-hexane into supercritical CO_2 under 348.2 K, 25 MPa in paraffin wax based system. Itwas also found that the debinding rate was much more enhanced with increasing concentration of n-hexane or dichoromethane in paraffin wax based system and increasing system pressure. The kinetics of debinding were investigated using the Fick's diffusion model and they showed good agreement with experimental data. By using this model, the diffusivities of paraffin wax into supercritical solvent could be evaluated in each experimental conditions.

광양 광화대지역에 분포하는 음용지하수에 대한 지구화학적 연구

박천영,고진석,정연중,김성구 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2000 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.22 No.2

The objective of this study is to investigate the geochemical characteristics of groundwater at Kwangyang area. Twenty two groundwater samples were collected and analyzed in vicinity of gold deposits area. The pH, Eh, EC, TDS and DO contents were measured in the field and, cation elements such as K, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Fe, Al, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Se. Hg, Ge and Pb were analyzed by GFAAS, AAS. ICP-MS. Anions, Cl, NO₂, NO₃and SO₄ were analyzed by IC and the HCO₃ contents were determined by titration with Phenolphthalein and. Methyl red-brom cresol green TDS vs TDI, Ca, K, Na, Mg, Zn and As contents were clearly related each other. Most groundwater showed a calcium-sulfate dominating water quality type in the Piper s diagram. On stability diagrams, the groundwaters were included in the kaolinite stable area. The increase in the Na contents correlates positively with the Cl content in the groundwater. The contents of NO₃is particularly enriched in groundwater that suggest the impact of domestic waste water results in an increase of Cl contents in the shallow groundwater.