The effects of the adenosine A3 receptor agonist IB-MECA on sodium taurocholate-induced experimental acute pancreatitis

Beata Prozorow-Krol,Agnieszka Korolczuk,Grazyna Czechowska,Maria Slomka,Agnieszka Madro,Krzysztof Celinski 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.9

The role of adenosine A3 receptors and theirdistribution in the gastrointestinal tract have been widelyinvestigated. Most of the reports discuss their role inintestinal inflammations. However, the role of adenosineA3 receptor agonist in pancreatitis has not been wellestablished. The aim of this study is (Ed note: Purposestatements should be in present tense) to evaluate theeffects of the adenosine A3 receptor agonist on the courseof sodium taurocholate-induced experimental acute pancreatitis(EAP). The experiments were performed on 80male Wistar rats, 58 of which survived, subdivided into 3groups: C—control rats, I—EAP group, and II—EAPgroup treated with the adenosine A3 receptor agonistIB-MECA (1-deoxy-1-6[[(3-iodophenyl) methyl]amino]-9H-purin-9-yl)-N-methyl-B-D-ribofuronamide at a dose of0.75 mg/kg b.w. i.p. at 48, 24, 12 and 1 h before and 1 hafter the injection of 5 % sodium taurocholate solution intothe biliary–pancreatic duct. Serum for a-amylase and lipasedeterminations and tissue samples for morphologicalexaminations were collected at 2, 6, and 24 h of theexperiment. In the IB-MECA group, a-amylase activitywas decreased with statistically high significance comparedto group I. The activity of lipase was not significantlydifferent among the experimental groups but higher than inthe control group. The administration of IB-MECA attenuatedthe histological parameters of inflammation ascompared to untreated animals. The use of A3 receptoragonist IB-MECA attenuates EAP. Our findings suggestthat stimulation of adenosine A3 receptors plays a positiverole in the sodium taurocholate-induced EAP in rats.

THE DUODENAL FLOW OF ORGANIC MATTER AND NITROGEN IN DAIRY COWS RECEVING FRESH HERBAGE FERTILIZED AT TWO LEVELS OF NITROGEN

van Vuuren, A.M.,Krol-Kramer, F.,Eisses, J.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1989 Animal Bioscience Vol.2 No.3

Involvement of a Novel Organic Cation Transporter in Paeonol Transport Across the Blood-Brain Barrier

Asmita Gyawali,Sokhoeurn Krol,강영숙 한국응용약물학회 2019 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.27 No.3

Paeonol has neuroprotective function, which could be useful for improving central nervous system disorder. The purpose of this study was to characterize the functional mechanism involved in brain transport of paeonol through blood-brain barrier (BBB). Brain transport of paeonol was characterized by internal carotid artery perfusion (ICAP), carotid artery single injection technique (brain uptake index, BUI) and intravenous (IV) injection technique in vivo. The transport mechanism of paeonol was examined using conditionally immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial cell line (TR-BBB) as an in vitro model of BBB. Brain volume of distribution (VD) of [3H]paeonol in rat brain was about 6-fold higher than that of [14C]sucrose, the vascular space marker of BBB. The uptake of [3H]paeonol was concentration-dependent. Brain volume of distribution of paeonol and BUI as in vivo and inhibition of analog as in vitro studies presented significant reduction effect in the presence of unlabeled lipophilic compounds such as paeonol, imperatorin, diphenhydramine, pyrilamine, tramadol and ALC during the uptake of [3H]paeonol. In addition, the uptake significantly decreased and increased at the acidic and alkaline pH in both extracellular and intracellular study, respectively. In the presence of metabolic inhibitor, the uptake reduced significantly but not affected by sodium free or membrane potential disruption. Similarly, paeonol uptake was not affected on OCTN2 or rPMAT siRNA transfection BBB cells. Interestingly. Paeonol is actively transported from the blood to brain across the BBB by a carrier mediated transporter system.

Electronic structure of warm dense silicon dioxide

Engelhorn, K.,Recoules, V.,Cho, B. I.,Barbrel, B.,Mazevet, S.,Krol, D. M.,Falcone, R. W.,Heimann, P. A. American Physical Society 2015 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.91 No.21

Impact of Myelopathy Severity and Degree of Deformity on Postoperative Outcomes in Cervical Spinal Deformity Patients

Peter G. Passias,Katherine E. Pierce,Nicholas Kummer,Oscar Krol,Lara Passfall,M. Burhan Janjua,Daniel Sciubba,Waleed Ahmad,Sara Naessig,Bassel Diebo 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3

Objective: Malalignment of the cervical spine can result in cord compression, leading to a myelopathy diagnosis. Whether deformity or myelopathy severity is stronger predictors of surgical outcomes is understudied. Methods: Surgical cervical deformity (CD) patients with baseline (BL) and up to 1-year data were included. Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score categorized BL myelopathy (mJOA=18 excluded), with moderate myelopathy mJOA being 12 to 17 and severe myelopathy being less than 12. BL deformity severity was categorized using the mismatch between T1 slope and cervical lordosis (TS-CL), with CL being the angle between the lower endplates of C2 and C7. Moderate deformity was TS-CL less than or equal to 25° and severe deformity was greater than 25°. Categorizations were combined into 4 groups: group 1 (G1), severe myelopathy and severe deformity; group 2 (G2), severe myelopathy and moderate deformity; group 3 (G3), moderate myelopathy and moderate deformity; group 4 (G4), moderate myelopathy and severe deformity. Univariate analyses determined whether myelopathy or deformity had greater impact on outcomes. Results: One hundred twenty-eight CD patients were included (mean age, 56.5 years; 46% female; body mass index, 30.4 kg/m2) with a BL mJOA score of 12.8±2.7 and mean TS-CL of 25.9°±16.1°. G1 consisted of 11.1% of our CD population, with 21% in G2, 34.6% in G3, and 33.3% in G4. At BL, Neck Disability Index (NDI) was greatest in G2 (p=0.011). G4 had the lowest EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) (p<0.001). Neurologic exam factors were greater in severe myelopathy (p<0.050). At 1-year, severe deformity met minimum clinically important differences (MCIDs) for NDI more than moderate deformity (p=0.002). G2 had significantly worse outcomes compared to G4 by 1-year NDI (p=0.004), EQ-5D (p=0.028), Numerical Rating Scale neck (p=0.046), and MCID for NDI (p=0.001). Conclusion: Addressing severe deformity had increased clinical weight in improving patient-reported outcomes compared to addressing severe myelopathy.

Prioritization of Realignment Associated With Superior Clinical Outcomes for Cervical Deformity Patients

Katherine E. Pierce,Peter G. Passias,Avery E. Brown,Cole A. Bortz,Haddy Alas,Lara Passfall,Oscar Krol,Nicholas Kummer,Renaud Lafage,Dean Chou,Douglas C. Burton,Breton Line,Eric Klineberg,Robert Hart,J 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3

Objective: To prioritize the cervical parameter targets for alignment. Methods: Included: cervical deformity (CD) patients (C2–7 Cobb angle>10°, cervical lordosis>10°, cervical sagittal vertical axis [cSVA]>4 cm, or chin-brow vertical angle>25°) with full baseline (BL) and 1-year (1Y) radiographic parameters and Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores; patients with cervical [C] or cervicothoracic [CT] Primary Driver Ames type. Patients with BL Ames classified as low CD for both parameters of cSVA (<4 cm) and T1 slope minus cervical lordosis (TS–CL) (<15°) were excluded. Patients assessed: meeting minimum clinically important differences (MCID) for NDI (<-15 ΔNDI). Ratios of correction were found for regional parameters categorized by primary Ames driver (C or CT). Decision tree analysis assessed cutoffs for differences associated with meeting NDI MCID at 1Y. Results: Seventy-seven CD patients (mean age, 62.1 years; 64% female; body mass index, 28.8 kg/m2). Forty-one point six percent of patients met MCID for NDI. A backwards linear regression model including radiographic differences as predictors from BL to 1Y for meeting MCID for NDI demonstrated an R2 of 0.820 (p=0.032) included TS–CL, cSVA, McGregor’s slope (MGS), C2 sacral slope, C2–T3 angle, C2–T3 SVA, cervical lordosis. By primary Ames driver, 67.5% of patients were C, and 32.5% CT. Ratios of change in predictors for MCID NDI patients for C and CT were not significant between the 2 groups (p> 0.050). Decision tree analysis determined cutoffs for radiographic change, prioritizing in the following order: ≥42.5° C2–T3 angle, >35.4° cervical lordosis, <-31.76° C2 slope, <-11.57-mm cSVA, <-2.16° MGS, >-30.8-mm C2–T3 SVA, and ≤-33.6° TS–CL. Conclusion: Certain ratios of correction of cervical parameters contribute to improving neck disability. Prioritizing these radiographic alignment parameters may help optimize patient-reported outcomes for patients undergoing CD surgery.

Advancd Treatment by Biological Processes : Biological Nutrient Removal

Greenfield, Paul F,Ho, Kin Man,Blackall, Linda L,Bell, Peter R.F.,Krol, Andre 한국물환경학회 1994 한국물환경학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal and related sludge bulking control in both intermittent cyclic and continuous activated sludge systems are assessed. Experimental results from a laboratory-scale investigation using fermented domestic sewage indicated the advantages of achieving high levels of P ana N removal and good sludge-settling properties using the intermittent cyclic process, as compared to the space-oriented operation of a continuous facility. Accordingly, this cost-effective, simple and reliable technology is receiving wide acceptance as an appropriate technology for not only small treatment applications but in creasingly for large installations. The modified intermittently fed and decanted system incorporating non-mixing sequences produced an effluent quality of NO₃-N$lt;5 ㎎/ℓ, PO₄-P$lt; 1 ㎎/ℓ and NH₃-N$lt;2 ㎎/ℓ, with a nonbulking sludge having a sludge volume index $lt; 120 ㎖/g, despite unfavourable influent characteristics (TCOD:TKN $lt; 7, TKN$gt; 60㎎/ℓ, TP - 7 - 10 ㎎/ℓ and RBCOD $lt;30㎎/ℓ). In contrast, the modified 4-stage Bar-denpho process could not achieve an effluent PO₄-P concentration of $lt; 1 ㎎/ℓ The effluent NO₃-N concentration and sludge volume index (SVI) were always high and occasionally reached 16 ㎎/ℓ and 422 ㎖/g, respectively. The causative filaments were identified to be the low F:M growers - Types 0041/0675.

Concurrent Presence of Thoracolumbar Scoliosis and Chiari Malformation: Is Operative Risk Magnified?

Naessig Sara,Tretiakov Peter,Patel Karan,Ahmad Waleed,Pierce Katherine,Kummer Nicholas,Joujon-Roche Rachel,Imbo Bailey,Williamson Tyler,Krol Oscar,Janjua Muhammad Burhan,Vira Shaleen,Diebo Bassel,Sciu 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective review of Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID).Purpose: Identify the risks and complications associated with surgery in adolescents diagnosed with Chiari and scoliosis.Overview of Literature: Scoliosis is frequently associated with Chiari malformation (CM). More specifically, reports have been made about this association with CM type I in the absence of syrinx status.Methods: The KID was used to identify all pediatric inpatients with CM and scoliosis. The patients were stratified into three groups: those with concomitant CM and scoliosis (CMS group), those with only CM (CM group), and those with only scoliosis (Sc group). Multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess association between surgical characteristics and diagnosis with complication rate.Results: A total of 90,707 spine patients were identified (61.8% Sc, 37% CM, 1.2% CMS). Sc patients were older, had a higher invasiveness score, and higher Charlson comorbidity index (all <i>p</i><0.001). CMS patients had significantly higher rates of surgical decompression (36.7%). Sc patients had significantly higher rates of fusions (35.3%) and osteotomies (1.2%, all <i>p</i><0.001). Controlling for age and invasiveness, postoperative complications were significantly associated with spine fusion surgery for Sc patients (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; <i>p</i><0.05). Specifically, posterior spinal fusion in the thoracolumbar region had a greater risk of complications (OR, 4.9) than an anterior approach (OR, 3.6; all <i>p</i><0.001). CM patients had a significant risk of complications when an osteotomy was performed as part of their surgery (OR, 2.9) and if a spinal fusion was concurrently performed (OR, 1.8; all <i>p</i><0.05). Patients in the CMS cohort were significantly likely to develop postoperative complications if they underwent a spinal fusion from both anterior (OR, 2.5) and posterior approach (OR, 2.7; all <i>p</i><0.001).Conclusions: Having concurrent scoliosis and CM increases operative risk for fusion surgeries despite approach. Being independently inflicted with scoliosis or Chiari leads to increased complication rate when paired with thoracolumbar fusion and osteotomies; respectively.

Postoperative Radioiodine Treatment within 9 Months from Diagnosis Significantly Reduces the Risk of Relapse in Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Jolanta Krajewska,Michal Jarzab,Aleksandra Kukulska,Agnieszka Czarniecka,Jozef Roskosz,Zbigniew Puch,Zbigniew Wygoda,Ewa Paliczka-Cieslik,Aleksandra Kropinska,Aleksandra Krol,Daria Handkiewicz-Junak,B 대한핵의학회 2019 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.53 No.5

Purpose Although postoperative radioiodine (RAI) therapy has been used in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) for many years, there is still lack of data defining the timing of RAI administration. A retrospective analysis was carried out to answer the question whether the time of postoperative RAI treatment demonstrated any impact on long-term outcomes, particularly in low-risk DTC. Material The analyzed group involved 701 DTC patients staged pT1b-T4N0-N1M0, who underwent total thyroidectomy and postoperative RAI therapy. According to the time interval between DTC diagnosis and RAI administration, patients were allocated to one of three groups: up to 9 months (N = 150), between 9 and 24 months (N = 323), and > 24 months (N = 228). Median follow-up was 12.1 years (1.5–15.2). Results Based on an initial DTC advancement and postoperative stimulated thyroglobulin concentration patients were stratified as a low-, intermediate-, and high-risk group. Low-risk patients, who received RAI therapy up to 9 months, demonstrated significantly lower risk of relapse comparing to those, in whom RAI was administered between 9 and 24 months and after 24 months since DTC diagnosis: 0%, 5.5%, and 7.1%, respectively. Regarding intermediate- and high-risk groups, the differences in the timing of postoperative RAI treatment were not significant. Conclusion If postoperative RAI treatment is considered in low-risk DTC, any delay in RAI administration above 9 months since diagnosis may be related to poorer long-term outcomes.