How inwards FDI promotes economic growth in Russia? Evidence from a time-series ARDL approach

Kristina, Yuryeva,He, Zhengquan Kyung Hee University Management Research Institute 2022 Asia pacific journal of business review Vol.7 No.1

This research aimed to clarify the impacts casted by inwards FDI on New venture creation, industrialization, and the economic growth of Russia. For all of these variables, data was taken about Russia from the site of The World Bank, and the selected duration was from 1995 to 2019. The total duration of the data taken was from 24 years. The time duration was well enough for applying the A.R.D.L. approach to the time series data of the study. This research used the unit root test to know the presence of the unit root for each variable, the lag order selection was made for the data, the bounds cointegration test was also applied, and ARDL Model was used to know about the different effects. With the help of the results derived, it was observed that the impact of private sector investment on new venture creation is significant. In contrast, foreign direct investment and research and development (R&D) effects on new venture creation are insignificant. It was also observed from the results that the impact of R&D on industrialization in Russia is significant, while the effects of FDI and the impact of private sector investment on industrialization in Russia is insignificant. We have fund that the effect of FDI and the impact of private sector investment on the economic growth of Russia is significant. In contrast, the impact of R&D is insignificant to the economic growth of Russia. The study is of great significance as it has raised the importance of R&D for industrialization, FDI, and PSI for economic growth and new venture creation for developing countries.

Burden of Cancers Related to Smoking among the Indonesian Population: Premature Mortality Costs and Years of Potential Life Lost

Kristina, Susi Ari,Endarti, Dwi,Prabandari, Yayi Suryo,Ahsan, Abdillah,Thavorncharoensap, Montarat Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16

Background: As smoking is the leading preventable cause of multiple diseases and premature cancer deaths, estimating the burden of cancer attributable to smoking has become the standard in documenting the adverse impact of smoking. In Indonesia, there is a dearth of studies assessing the economic costs of cancers related to smoking. This study aimed to estimate indirect mortality costs of premature cancer deaths and years of potential life lost (YPLL) attributable to smoking among the Indonesian population. Materials and Methods: A prevalence based method was employed. Using national data, we estimated smoking-attributable cancer mortality in 2013. Premature mortality costs and YPLL were estimated by calculating number of cancer deaths, life expectancy, annual income, and workforce participation rate. A human capital approach was used to calculate the present value of lifetime earnings (PVLE). A discount rate of 3% was applied. Results: The study estimated that smoking attributable cancer mortality was 74,440 (30.6% of total cancer deaths), comprised of 95% deaths in men and 5% in women. Cancers attributed to smoking wereresponsible for 1,207,845 YPLL. Cancer mortality costs caused by smoking accounted for USD 1,309 million in 2013. Among all cancers, lung cancer is the leading cause of death and economic burden. Conclusions: Cancers related to smoking pose an enormous economic burden in Indonesia. Therefore, tobacco control efforts need to be prioritized in order to prevent more losses to the nation. The data of this study are important for advocating national tobacco control policy.

Non-Host City Olympic Legacies: The Case of Athens, Georgia and the 1996 Olympic Games

Kristina J. Hoff,Becca Leopkey 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2021 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.6 No.3

Given the need to use additional locations to host Olympic events beyond the host city, very little research investigates these ‘non-host cities’ and their resultant event legacies. As such, the purpose of this exploratory study was to develop a better understanding of non-host city legacies experienced in relation to the hosting of an edition of the Olympic Games. A case study focusing on Athens, Georgia and the 1996 Olympic Games held in Atlanta, USA was used to illustrate this particular phenomenon of interest. Findings revealed five emergent legacy themes: nostalgia, urban development, volunteering, community engagement, and sport development. Moreover, three major factors (planning approach, external factors, and image) created a different Games experience in Athens and thereby distinguished its legacies from ones created in Atlanta. Challenges and issues associated with providing event legacies in non-host cities are also discussed.

Biological Activities of Lysimachia quelpaertensis Callus Extracts by Plant Cell Culture and Biorenovation Technology

Kristina LAMA,Taeijn PARK,Seung-Young KIM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4

Due to the depletion and loss of natural products, various types of materials are being developed. Accordingly, studies using callus using plant tissue culture technology are being conducted. Callus refers to the unorganized flow cell mass of plants. Callus cells usually develop in the wound area of a living plant and protect the wound. For biological research and bioengineering research, pure callus can be induced by sterilizing a part of plant tissue and transferring it to a tissue culture medium. In this study, Biorenovation was used for callus. Biorenovation is a method of modifying the structure of a broad range of substrates such as chemical compounds and plant extract by microbial enzymes with the potential benefits of reduced cytotoxicities and enhanced biological activities relative to its parent substrates. We applied this method to Lysimachia quelpaertensis (LQ) callus to obtain Lysimachia quelpaertensis Biorenovated extracts (LQBR), and compared the whitening activity efficacy of LQ and LQBR. As a result, experiments were conducted at concentrations (12.5, 25, 50 µg/mL) without cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cells treated with stimulants. In addition, as a result of comparing the inhibitory effect of melanin production and tyrosinase activity, a large whitening activity was confirmed in LQBR. And by measuring the expression levels of enzymes and proteins involved in melanin formation, it was demonstrated that LQBR induces more inhibition of protein expression than LQ. These results reveal new possibilities for limited cosmetic materials.

EU Law on Cross-Border Flows of Personal Data in a Global Perspective

Kristina Irion 서울대학교 공익산업법센터 2018 경제규제와 법 Vol.11 No.2

This year’s conference of the Center for Law and Public Utilities (CeLPU) explored the Law’s Evolution and Response to Data-Driven Innovation. As a topic it connects the rise of data-intensive businesses and the global flow of data with law’s responses to these phenomena. It rekindles notions of countries’ jurisdiction and sovereignty, human rights and the corresponding need for the interoperability of legal systems. One legal sub-system that springs to our mind concerns the protection of individuals’ privacy and personal data. Personal data is peculiar in the way it brings the dignity of a human being together with valuable economic properties. This ambiguity is the reason why personal data protection and data flows are closing in on each other in an increasingly connected and data-driven society. The EU has a key role to play in the global governance of privacy and in particularly regarding the protection of personal data. This role accrues to the EU by virtue of its external relations with third countries stretching over two policy areas for which it has exclusive competences: international transfers of personal data and external commercial policy. This paper aims to convey EU data protection law and reflect its approach to cross-border flows of personal data in a global perspective. The argument passes through four consecutive stages: first, we will lay the necessary background in the constitutional and regulatory trajectory of personal data protection in the EU. We will proceed to revisit EU governance of cross-border flows of personal data to third countries that will help us to understand the logic of adequacy that is central to EU fundamental rights approach. Next we are going to turn our attention to the impeding stand-off between free trade agreements and domestic data protection law before we explain how the EU plans to regain consistency between its external trade and data protection policies. Last but not least, we will resolve some of the tension between cross-border digital trade and EU-style personal data protection with recourse to a study from the Privacy Bridges project family. Grounded in the understanding of how deeply entrenched the protection of privacy and personal data have become in EU law and jurisprudence, this paper sets out to establish realistic coordinates for cross-border flows of personal data. We conclude that the EU will throw its weight behind its brand-new General Data Protection Regulation when negotiating digital trade and cross-border data flows. Building privacy bridges could offer a more realistic and constructive path forward that is to a certain extent respectful of local differences while focusing efforts on practical solutions that deliver for individuals and companies alike.

Effect of inwards FDI on new venture creation, industrialization and economic growth in Russia: A timeseries ARDL approach

Kristina, Yuryeva,He, Zhengquan Kyung Hee University Management Research Institute 2022 Asia pacific journal of business review Vol.7 No.1

This research aimed to clarify the impacts casted by inwards FDI on New venture creation, industrialization, and the economic growth of Russia. For all of these variables, data was taken about Russia from the site of The World Bank, and the selected duration was from 1995 to 2019. The total duration of the data taken was from 24 years. The time duration was well enough for applying the A.R.D.L. approach to the time series data of the study. This research used the unit root test to know the presence of the unit root for each variable, the lag order selection was made for the data, the bounds cointegration test was also applied, and ARDL Model was used to know about the different effects. With the help of the results derived, it was observed that the impact of private sector investment on new venture creation is significant. In contrast, foreign direct investment and research and development (R&D) effects on new venture creation are insignificant. It was also observed from the results that the impact of R&D on industrialization in Russia is significant, while the effects of FDI and the impact of private sector investment on industrialization in Russia is insignificant. We have fund that the effect of FDI and the impact of private sector investment on the economic growth of Russia is significant. In contrast, the impact of R&D is insignificant to the economic growth of Russia. The study is of great significance as it has raised the importance of R&D for industrialization, FDI, and PSI for economic growth and new venture creation for developing countries.

Impact of Smoking Cessation Training for Community Pharmacists in Indonesia

Kristina, Susi Ari,Thavorncharoensap, Montarat,Pongcharoensuk, Petcharat,Prabandari, Yayi Suryo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8

Background: Community pharmacists play an important role in tobacco control and adequate training on smoking cessation is essential. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was used. A one-day workshop on smoking cessation organized by Indonesian Pharmacists Association as part of PCE program was offered to 133 community pharmacists. The workshop consisted of a 3-hour lecture and a 3-hour role-play session. Pre-training and post-training surveys assessed the impact of training on parameters including knowledge, perceived role and self-efficacy with respect to smoking cessation counseling practices. Intention and ability to perform counseling using the 5A framework was assessed after training only. Results: After PCE, knowledge score significantly increased from $24.9{\pm}2.58$ to $35.7{\pm}3.54$ (p<0.001). Perceived role and self-efficacy in smoking cessation counseling also significantly increased from $25.8{\pm}2.73$ to $28.7{\pm}2.24$, and $27.6{\pm}4.44$ to $32.6{\pm}3.63$, respectively (p<0.001). After the workshop, most participants were willing to ask, advise, and assess patients who ready to quit, but were still less likely to assist in quitting plans and arranging follow up counseling. More than 75% pharmacists were able to perform cessation counseling and 65% of them can completely perform a 5A brief intervention. Conclusions: PCE can enhance pharmacists' knowledge, perceived role, self-efficacy in cessation counseling practices, and create willingness and ability to perform cessation counseling. Future training is recommended to improve skills in assisting quitting plans and arranging follow up.

Impact of nanomedicine on hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 activity: things to consider during pre-clinical and clinical studies

Kristina Jonsson‑Schmunk,Stephen C. Schafer,Maria A. Croyle 한국약제학회 2018 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.48 No.1

Hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is an important drug-metabolizing enzyme as it is responsible for metabolizing over 30% of currently marketed drugs across most therapeutic classes. CYP3A4 is regulated at various stages including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational and post-translational expression. Changes made at any of these stages of CYP3A4 regulation could result in fluctuations in CYP3A4 levels and/or activity. These alterations are important to understand as they could lead to drug–drug interactions, sub-therapeutic levels or toxic levels of pharmaceutical drugs. Nanomedicine, the use of nanotechnology for treatment, diagnosis and monitoring of biological systems, is a growing market. This includes use of viral vectors for gene transfer and vaccine applications and nanoparticles based on gold and silver for various applications. Both have shown to alter CYP3A4 activity and function. Hence, during pre-clinical and clinical studies it is important to elucidate any effect of nanomedicines on CYP3A4 to avoid unintended changes in maintenance of medications due to changes in drug metabolism.

Fox and Hare

( Kristina Sineva ) 한국기초조형학회 2019 한국기초조형학회 작품집 Vol.2019 No.1

A Rare Case of Idiopathic Pyometra in a Premenopausal Patient

( Kristina M. Mori ),( Howard D. Epstein ),( Michael C. Roossin ),( Bram H. Goldstein ) 대한폐경학회 2020 대한폐경학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Pyometra is a very uncommon disease principally occurring in postmenopausal women. It is characterized by the accumulation of purulent material within the uterine cavity. This paper presents the clinical history of a 35-year-old premenopausal woman with otherwise normal menstruation who developed heavy menstruation and was diagnosed with a benign pyometra of indeterminate etiology in March 2017. The patient underwent repeated ultrasound-guided drainage, dilation and curettage, and antibiotic therapy. Biopsies of the pelvic sidewall revealed endometriosis in June 2017. The heavy menstruation and suppurative fluid in the uterus of the patient persisted in which intramuscular leuprolide acetate was prescribed to address the endometriosis and heavy menstrual bleeding. Ultimately, the leuprolide acetate effectively resolved the patient’s bleeding and pyometra. The medication was concluded after 12 months of supervision and the patient is currently symptom free. Pyometra is an unusual condition rarely identified in premenopausal women. Drainage and antibiotic therapy are routinely employed; however, one may consider gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist medication to potentially confer a beneficial patient outcome in rare cases where endometriosis and bleeding are intractable.