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Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Carica papaya Leaves
Kooi-Yeong Khaw,Nelson Jeng Yeou Chear,Sathiya Maran,Keng Yoon Yeong,Yong Sze Ong,Bey Hing Goh 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.2
Carica papaya is a medicinal and fruit plant owing biological activities including antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer. The present study aims to investigate the acetyl (AChE) and butyryl (BChE) cholinesterase inhibitory potentials of C. papaya extracts as well as their chemical compositions. The chemical composition of the active extract was identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ellman enzyme inhibition assay showed that the alkaloid-enriched leaf extract of C. papaya possessed significant anti-BChE activity with an enzyme inhibition of 75.9%. GC-MS analysis showed that the alkaloid extract composed mainly the carpaine (64.9%) – a major papaya alkaloid, and some minor constituents such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and phenolics. Molecular docking of carpaine revealed that this molecule formed hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions with choline binding site and acyl pocket. This study provides some preliminary findings on the potential use of C. papaya leaf as an herbal supplement for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Kooi-Yeong Khaw,Vikneswaran Murugaiyah,Melati Khairuddean,Wen-Nee Tan 한국생약학회 2018 Natural Product Sciences Vol.24 No.2
The present study was undertaken to investigate the isolated compounds from the stem bark of Garcinia atroviridis as potential cholinesterase inhibitors and the ligand-enzyme interactions of selected bioactive compounds in silico. The in vitro cholinesterase results showed that quercetin (3) was the most active AChE inhibitor (12.65 ? 1.57 ?g/ml) while garcinexanthone G (6) was the most active BChE inhibitor (18.86 ? 2.41 ?g/ml). It is noteworthy to note that compound 6 was a selective inhibitor with the selectivity index of 11.82. Molecular insight from docking interaction further substantiate that orientation of compound 6 in the catalytic site which enhanced its binding affinity as compared to other xanthones. The nature of protein-ligand interactions of compound 6 is mainly hydrogen bonding, and the hydroxyl group of compound 6 at C-10 is vital in BChE inhibition activity. Therefore, compound 6 is a notable lead for further drug design and development of BChE selective inhibitor.
김동귀(Dong Kooi Kim) 한국가구학회 2015 한국가구학회지 Vol.26 No.3
Inlay is a high technique of inlaying patterns on the surface of crafts and widely used transcending time and place at various hand crafting area. Inscribed pattern technique using rare materials in the area have been used by the artisans of artistic flair and functionality and its value is also highly regarded from ancient to modern and inherits and is being developed today. Existing inlay technique, however, has not been spread out because it needs craftsman’s skill based on the handcraft and inscribed materials are very rare to use. This paper aims to replace natural wood Sanggam materials for traditional furniture patterns such as Samho Jang, Ohho Jang, Seongtoenoe Moon, Gyeopgwinoe Moon and wood inlay text like Soo (Long life), Bok (Luck), Kang (Peace), Ryoung (Relaxed) and gammadion cross pattern. Gathered black, yellow and white color dyed wood using power tools can replace rare natural inlay materials through reliable and standardized supply. Dyed-gathered inlay materials can easily replace wood inlay materials, therefore, attempt to create an improved direction regarding materials and fabrication techniques in order to make traditional or contemporary artistic furniture to be produced.
김동귀(Dong Kooi Kim) 한국가구학회 2017 한국가구학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Wooden artifacts are generally manufactured by lacal materials with cultural characteristics. Bamboo crafts province In recent years, production decreased due to products using resin and new materials, and in particularm the traditional bamboo craftsmanship is in a situation of extinction. Among the techniques of bamboo craftsmanship, Lamtae lacquer technique which lacquers on bamboo crafts made of piece bamboo and weaving pattern is applied to wooden craft, and the purpose of this study was to develop the products that can be utilzed in the modern residential space, and to make the skill of wood crafts using bamboo be developed and spread the prototype was made of traditional bamboo acts and crafts, furniture made of piece bamboo and weaving pattern, and wooden artifacts such as stationary goods and lighting.
김동귀(Dong-Kooi Kim) 한국가구학회 2009 한국가구학회지 Vol.20 No.1
In this study, I suggest dyed-Glued laminated woods by using birch woods which are relatively cheaper than others. Since the dyed-Glued laminated woods which have the various colors to satisfy people's tastes and the dignified grains in the old woods enable us to product freely, these can provide us with stability of supply through replacing rare materials. The making wooden furniture designed with dyed-Glued laminated woods has these following characteristics. (1) This method which uses various colored woods can fulfill consumers' tastes through dyeing wooden plates, instead of using domestic woods which have limited colors-white, yellow and black. (2) Gathering wooden plates made by setting them into various frames enables us to get in large quantities of the materials with good grains, which we can only take from old woods. (3) Producing culture products using various colors and grains has enabled us to satisfy consumers and to create pro-environmental pieces. In conclusion, this study can be an alternative idea to forest resources which have been decreasing, and be an application method of using cheaper birch woods as well. Gathering and dyeing wooden plates might bring about the economic effect and be of much help to the expansion as furniture materials as well as interior ones.
김동귀(Dong kooi Kim) 한국가구학회 2012 한국가구학회지 Vol.23 No.1
Recently, shows the possibility of providing such dyed-gathered woods after forming single boar This studyds with using cheap timbers generated by the thinning. It is helpful for master artisans are suffering from finding qualified materials. Traditionally, the master artisan has been used the beautiful grained wood from around roots of old zelkova trees and black persimmon trees. Instead, this study shows that dyed-gathered woods replace the natural grained wood and also produces a furniture made of an aggregate and a plate from walnut trees and ash trees which are a contrast to dyed-gathered woods. Dyed-gathered woods can reproduce the various colors to satisfy people’s tastes, and the dignified grains that we can see in the old woods. Besides, dyed-gathered woods can replace rare materials and provide higher reliability of supplies.