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RANGE EXTENDER MODULE TRANSMISSION TOPOLOGY STUDY
Konrad Herold,Marius Böhmer,Rene Savelsberg,Alexander Müller,Jan Schröter,Jan Karthaus,Un-Jae Seo,Georg Jacbos,Kay Hameyer,Jakob Andert 한국자동차공학회 2018 International journal of automotive technology Vol.19 No.5
Range extender modules are one option to compensate for short drive ranges of electric vehicles. The close interaction of combustion engine and generator poses new challenges in development. A key requirement for range extender systems is to be light and virtually imperceptible in operation. High-speed electrical machines aim at increasing power density. However, their introduction in a range extender requires a gearbox. The combustion engine torque fluctuations can lead to rattle in the gearbox. The rattle can be overcome by a dual mass flywheel. An interdisciplinary model is developed and used to analyse three different range extender systems: one with a low speed generator without gearbox, one with a high-speed generator, and one with a high-speed generator and a dual mass flywheel. The efficiency was found to be higher for the system with a low speed generator, whereas the power density and the costs are beneficial for the high-speed concept. A dual mass flywheel eliminates the changes of torque direction in the gearbox. It reduces the speed fluctuations of the gearbox and generator by over 90 % compared to the low speed setup. But it increases rolling moment and subsequently chassis excitation compared to a setup with only a gearbox.
The effect of ultrasound and freezing/thawing treatment on the physical properties of blueberries
Konrad W. Nowak,Magdalena Zielinska,Katarzyna M. Waszkielis 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.3
The aim of the study was to investigate the effectof ultrasound treatment and freezing/thawing on thephysical properties of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosumL.). Fruits were subjected to ultrasound treatment,mechanical freezing/thawing, and freezing/thawing withsubsequent ultrasound treatment. Moisture, density,porosity, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness,gumminess, and color of blueberries were analyzed. Ultrasound treatment and freezing/thawing significantlydecreased particle density and increased porosity of blueberries(p\0.05). Ultrasound treatment and freezing/thawing produced significantly softer, less chewy andgummy berries in relation to control sample (p\0.05). Alltechniques induced considerable changes in the color ofblueberries. The results indicates that ultrasound treatmentperformed after freezing/thawing, didn’t exert any effect onthe fruits in relation to freezing/thawing alone (p[0.05);however, it is an interesting technique for processing freshblueberries and an alternative to freezing/thawing, whenthe preservation of product quality is a priority or whenrapid textural damage is required before diffusionprocesses.
Crawler robot kinematics modeling by using a two-wheeled approach
Konrad Majkut,Mariusz Giergiel,Piotr Kohut 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.2
The aim of this paper is to analyze the kinematics of a small crawler robot. A mathematical model of kinematics based on a twowheeled approach is proposed. This model is experimentally verified using vision-based motion measurements of a crawler vehicle equipped with encoders and a remote control system. It is assumed that the vehicle moves along a few curves with different angular speeds of its wheels. Based on the model of motion and the values of these speeds, numerical simulations are investigated. The results obtained from numerical and experimental validation are presented and discussed. The comparison delivered some important conclusions.
Konrad Malik,Mateusz Zbikowski,Andrzej Teodorczyk 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.2
The aim of the present study was to develop model for detonation cell sizes prediction based on a deepartificial neural network of hydrogen, methane and propane mixtures with air and oxygen. The discussionabout the currently available algorithms compared existing solutions and resulted in a conclusionthat there is a need for a new model, free from uncertainty of the effective activation energy and thereaction length definitions. The model offers a better and more feasible alternative to the existing ones. Resulting predictions were validated against experimental data obtained during the investigation ofdetonation parameters, as well as with data collected from the literature. Additionally, separate modelsfor individual mixtures were created and compared with the main model. The comparison showed nodrawbacks caused by fitting one model to many mixtures. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the modelmay be easily extended by including more independent variables. As an example, dependency onpressure was examined. The preparation of experimental data for deep neural network training wasdescribed in detail to allow reproducing the results obtained and extending the model to differentmixtures and initial conditions. The source code of ready to use models is also provided
The Temperament Risk Factor, Disease Severity, and Quality of Life in Patients with Psoriasis
( Konrad Janowski ),( Stanisława Steuden ) 대한피부과학회 2020 Annals of Dermatology Vol.32 No.6
Background: Psoriasis exerts a profound negative impact on health-related quality of life (QoL). Although the severity of psoriasis is one potential variable that contributes to decreased QoL, previous studies have shown only weak or no association between measures of psoriasis severity and QoL. We hypothesized that this relationship is moderated by temperament factors. Objective: We aimed to verify whether the relationship between disease severity and QoL is moderated by a constellation of temperament traits (i.e., temperament risk factors) and whether this moderation takes place via cognitive- appraisal and coping processes. Methods: One hundred fifty patients with psoriasis vulgaris participated in the study. Psoriasis severity was assessed by a standardized measure, the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and the patients also completed a battery of psychological questionnaires assessing QoL, temperament, disease-related cognitive appraisals, and coping strategies. Results: A specific constellation of temperament traits was found to moderate the strength of the association between the PASI and QoL. This constellation of temperament traits was associated with certain disease-related cognitive appraisals (i.e., threat, obstacle/ loss, harm, profit, value) and emotion-focused coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, avoidance, resignation, seeking social support, and seeking information). Conclusion: The constellation of temperament traits is a crucial individual variable that strongly moderates the negative impact of psoriasis severity on QoL, potentially through the activation of nonadaptive cognitive appraisals and coping strategies in susceptible individuals. (Ann Dermatol 32(6) 452∼459, 2020)