1910~1920년대 식민지 조선에서 미국으로 보내진 한글 편지: 김장연씨 일가의 편지를 중심으로

김양진 ( Kim Yang-jin ),이희영 ( Lee Hee-young ) 국제어문학회 2015 국제어문 Vol.0 No.65

이 논문에서는 초기 미주 지역 이주민인 김장연 씨에게 고국의 가족들이 1914년부터 1920년까지 보낸 일련의 한글 편지들을 판독하고 이를 통하여 20세기 초반 미주 지역 이민사의 편린과 고국에 남겨진 김장연 씨 일가의 사연을 알아보고자 하였다. 이 편지들은 한반도에서 미주 지역으로 보내진 초기 편지들로 이를 통해 김장연 씨 일가를 중심으로 한 미주 지역에서의 이주민의 생활의 편린을 확인할 수 있었고 문헌 자료를 확인하기 어려운 일제 초기 일반인의 삶과 언어 생활을 엿볼 수 있는 기초 자료를 구축할 수 있었다. 무엇보다 이 편지 자료들을 통해서 수원 지역 일대의 실제 지명과 다양한 언어 생활, 미주 지역 이민들과의 교류 내용 등을 알 수 있어서 20세기 초반의 이민사에서 중요한 한글 필사자료 및 언어 자료를 확보할 수 있었다. 이밖에 편지 속 등장인물들의 행적들을 <공립신보>, <신한민보> 등 관련 기록을 통해 확인할 수 있었고 감리교단 수원지역 순행 전도사의 활동 기록 등을 확인할 수 있었다. This paper aims to introduce Hangul letters which were written by Kim Chang Yeon`s family and emphasize their values as precious materials for Korean language research. Kim`s family in Korea sent letters to Kim Chang Yeon in America from 1914~1920, and these letters includes the life of the first Korean immigrants generations and fill the missing part of Korean language in this period of time of Korea. Based on these letters which were sent from Suwon area, place names of Suwon area and cultural and linguistic connections between Koreans and Korean immigrants can be studied. These letters will be provided to those who studies Korean language as important Hangul written materials that shows many aspects of Korean language. Besides, people`s past in letters such as Kim Byung Kwon, Kim Sun Kwon, Kim Sung Sik, Choi Sim Sun(Kim Chang Yeon`s wife), Kim Rose(Kim Chang Yeon`s elder daughter, Kim Eva(Kim Chang Yeon`s second daughter, Kim Young(Kim Chang Yeon`s elder son), Kim Edward(Kim Chang Yeon`s second son) was checked out in this paper. Finding out what Kim Byung Kwon`s had done as a methodist missionary of Suwon area is a collateral outcome of this study.

Factors associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasia in young adults under age 40

Ilsoo Kim,Han Hee Lee,Young Jae Ko,Ho Eun Chang,Dae Young Cheung,Bo-In Lee,Young-Seok Cho,Jin Il Kim,Myung-Gyu Choi 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.5

Background/Aims: Recent epidemiologic studies have shown a continued increase in colorectal cancer incidence among younger adults. Little is known about the factors that contribute to the development of young-onset colorectal neoplasia (CRN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed for individuals younger than 40 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital and its affiliated health screening center. High-risk CRN was defined as adenoma or sessile serrated lesion ≥ 10 mm, with three or more adenomas, villous histology, high grade dysplasia, or carcinoma. Results: Of these 13,621 included participants, 2,023 (14.9%) had one and more CRN. Young patients with CRN tended to be elderly, male, obese, smoker, having a habit of drinking, and having comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking status, and alcohol intake, old age (odds ratio [OR], 1.086; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.054 to 1.119), male sex (OR, 1.748; 95% CI, 1.247 to 2.451), obesity (OR, 1.439; 95% CI, 1.133 to 1.828), and smoking (OR, 1.654; 95% CI, 1.287 to 2.127) were independent risk factors for overall CRN. Obesity and smoking as two modifiable factors increased the risk for high-risk CRN even more than for overall CRN (OR, 1.734; 95% CI, 1.168 to 2.575 and OR, 1.797; 95% CI, 1.172 to 2.753, respectively). Conclusions: Obesity and smoking were modifiable risk factors for CRN in young adults. They increased the risk for highrisk CRN even more than for overall CRN. A colonoscopy might be beneficial for young individuals with these factors.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Elderly kidney transplant recipients have favorable outcomes but increased infection-related mortality

임정훈,Lee Ga Young,Jeon Yena,Jung Hee-Yeon,Choi Ji Young,CHO, JANG-HEE,Park Sun Hee,김용림,Kim Hyung-Kee,Huh Seung,유은상,Won Dong Il,Kim Chan-Duck 대한신장학회 2022 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.41 No.3

Background: The number of elderly patients with end-stage kidney disease has been increasing, but the outcomes of kidney transplants (KT) remain poorly understood in elderly patients. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical outcomes of elderly KT recipients and analyzed the impact of elderly donors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent KT between 2000 and 2019. KT recipients were divided into four groups according to a combination of recipient and donor age (≥60 or <60 years); elderly recipients: old-to-old (n = 46) and young-to-old (n = 83); young recipients: old-to-young (n = 98) and young-to-young (n = 796). We compared the risks of mortality, graft failure, and acute rejection between groups using Cox regression analysis. Results: The incidence of delayed graft function, graft failure, and acute rejection was not different among groups. Annual mean tacrolimus trough level was not lower in elderly recipients than young recipients during 10-year follow-up. Mortality was significantly higher in elderly recipients (p = 0.001), particularly infection-related mortality (p < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, old-toold and young-to-old groups had increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14– 7.32; p = 0.03; aHR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.51–6.20; p = 0.002). However, graft failure and acute rejection risks were not increased in elderly recipients. Conclusion: In elderly recipients, graft survival and acute rejection-free survival were not inferior to those of young recipients. However, mortality, especially risk of infection-related death, was increased in elderly recipients. Thus, low immunosuppression intensity might help decrease mortality in elderly recipients.

자발성 뇌내출혈 환자의 비위관 제거시기에 관한 연구

김명희,김영희,김영미,주영희,이윤미,정은혜 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Dysphagia is common and serious problem in intracerebral hemorrhage patients. Nasogastric-tube incubation is an important method for dysphagic patients who have an intracerebral hemorrhage. But many discomforts develope in patients with a nasogastric-tube. Therefore, it is necessary to decide when to remove the tube and as early as possible. The purpose of this study is to decide the applying time of training program to facilitate deglution for dysphagic patients who have intracerebral hemorrhage. Among the 343 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who had been admitted to P-university hospital from April, 1994 to December, 1998, the medical record of the 110 patients with nasogastric tube were reviewed retrospectively. Results from the study were as follows : 1.Nasogastric tube insert duration of improved patients was a mean of 23.2 days 2.When a L-tube was inserted and removed, the L.O.C. of improved patients was 2.6±0.8(in the midst of stupor or a semicoma). 1.9±0.5(close to drowsy), respectively This was signifcantly different(p=0.000). 3.When a L-tube was inserted and removed, GCS of improved patients was 9.3±2.9. 12.1±2.2 respectively This was significantly different (p=0.000). 4.The duration of nasogastric tube insertion was the longest when in a stupor(L.O.C), 6 ∼8 points(GCS).

학생청소년의 불안성향과 문제행동 유형간의 상관분석

김헌수,이재우,나철,김영돈,김민호,김은희,권지란,박광식,이길홍,민병근 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1987 中央醫大誌 Vol.12 No.4

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between their problem behavioral pattern and anxious trends among Korean student adolescent. Zung's measurement of anxiety level undergone through used of the self-rating anxiety scale. the data were collected through the questionaire survey which was conducted on Dec.1, 1983. Subjects served for this atudy consisted of 1,404 syudents in Korea, randomly sampled from Korean student population by means of census method. The data were analysed by CDC-174 computer of KAIST, using SPSS pogram. Statistical methods empoyed were χ^2 test and Eta measures. the results of this study were as follows. 1. It showed that students psychological anxious trends had greatest significant correlation with adolescent student's problem brhavioral pattern, but the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestional and genitourinary anxious trends has not significantly related with student's problem behavioral pattern. 2. Students group with undersocialized aggressive, undersocialized nonaggressive,undersocialized school-norm avoidant, or socialized nonaggressive behavioral patterns were less anxious, whereas those with socialized latent aggressive, socialized sexual, or socialized modellong behavioral patterns were higher anxious.

성인의 급성 설사에 대한 로페라미드 옥사이드의 효과: 위약과의 무작위 이중 맹검 비교 다시설 시험

박영태,정희진,박중원,이계희,김나영,임선희,윤병철,한동수,이오영 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.31 No.5

탄소나노튜브 캐소드의 전계방출 및 열화특성에 미치는 페이스트의 조성과 분위기 가스의 영향

김동희,김태식,정원섭,김광호,손영국,조영래 대한금속ᆞ재료학회 2006 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.44 No.3

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 망간 신경독성을 이용한 파킨슨증 모델의 세포사 Studies on the Mechanism of Parkinsonism induced by Manganese

김종민,박창원,오정자,이보경,서경원,서수경,김규봉,김종원,김광진,김영옥,전범석,박찬웅,이선희 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

1960년대 이후 파킨슨병의 유발물질 중 한 후보로서 망간이 주목받으면서 많은 역학적, 병러학적 연구가 수행죄브다. 그러나 망간이 파킨슨병을 직접 일으키는지, 혹은 파킨슨병과 관련된 부위의 신경세포를 파괴시쿡 파킨슨증만을 초래하는 것인지가 아직 정립되지 않은 실정이다 본 연구에서는 실험동물모델에서 행등학적 변화 측정 및 병리학적, 샐화학적 연구를 통하여 망간의 과다노출글 따른 파킨슨병 유발 여부를 확인하고자 하였다. Sprague-Datylet· 렛드에 망간을 1, 2, 5, 10 mgAg/day의 응량으로 30일 등안 복강 투여하였을 때 모든 망간투여군에서 운동성 감소가 관찰되었다. 뇌조직의 망간 함량을 ion chromatograph?로 측정한 결과 중뇌 흑질과 기저핵 선조체에서 망간 함량의 뚜렷한 증가 소견이 관찰되었으며, 니슬염색체서 선조체의 신경세포수의 유의성 있는 감소가 관찰되었다. 그러나, 흑질의 TH효소 면역염색, GFAP 면역염색, 흑질과 선조체의 T릿효소 western blot 결과는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과에서, 망간-파킨슨증 모델에서 파킨슨증어 유발되는 기전은 흑질 도파민성 신경 세포의 신호를 받는 선조체 씬경세포의 사멸에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로, 망간 독성에 의한 파킨스증 모델에서는 파킨슨 병과는 달리 흑질 도파민성 신경세포의 세포사는 관여하지 않는 것으로 관찰되었다. Manganese(Mn) intoxication causes a parkinsonian syndrome. It may be difficult to distinguish Mn-induced parkinsonism from idiopathic Parkinson disease(IPD). Neuropathological descriptions on the brains with Mn intoxication showed the perferential damage in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticularis. Pathological reports on the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNpc), a mafor focus of pathologic changes in IPD, are discordant and controversial. The SNpc involvement is of critical importance for the elucidation of pathogenesis of IPD. Therefore, the neurodegeneration in SNpc was investigated in the experimental model of Mn neurotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered with manganese chloride(1, 2, 5, 10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 30 days. Treated animals showed low levels of distance-traveled from locomotor activity tests. Ion chromatography revealed that Mn accumulation was significant in SN and basal ganglia in Mn-treated animals. Nissl staining showed neuronal loss of the striatum in all treated animals. The degree of neurodegeneration in SN was determined by immunohistochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH). The numbers of TH-positive cells on nigral sections were not different from each groups(P>0.05). The densities of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity from SN were similar between groups. TH-westen blotting showed no differences between treated animals and controls. In conclusion, the SNpc remains intact in Mn intoxication, and Mn-induced parkinsonism may be caused by damages of output pathways downstream to the nigrostriatal dopminergic system.

Assessment of In Vitro Assay System for Thyroid HormoneDisruptors Using Rat Pituitary GH3 Cells

Hee Jin Kim1,Hae Young Park1,Jeonga Kim1,Il Hyun Kang2,Tae Sung Kim2,Soon Young Han2,Tae Seok Kang2,Kui Lea Park2,Hyung Sik Kim1 한국독성학회 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.4

The development of in vitro assays has been recommended to screening and test-ing the potential endocrine disruptors (EDs). These assay systems focus only on identifying thethe thyroid hormone (TH) disruptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate a test system to detectTH disruptors using rat pituitary tumor GH3 cells. The test system is based on the TH-dependentincrease in growth rate. As expected, L-3,5,3-triiodothyronine (T3) markedly induced a morphologicalchange in GH 3 cells from flattened fibroblastic types to rounded or spindle-shaped types. T3 stimu-lated GH3 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with the maximum growth-stimulating effect9 M. In addition, T3 increased the release of growth hor-mone and prolactin into the medium of the GH3 cells culture. Using this assay system, the TH-dis-rupting activities of bisphenol A (BPA) and its related compounds were examined. BPA,dimethylbisphenol A (DMBPA), and TCI-EP significantly enhanced the growth of GH3 cells in therange of 1 × 10-5M to 1 × 10-6M concentrations. In conclusion, this in vitro assay system might bestandardization before it can be used as a broad-based screening tool.