Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation

Kim, S.-H.,Lee, S.-O.,Park, I.-A.,Park, S.J.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y.S.,Woo, J.H.,Park, S.-K.,Park, J.S.,Kim, S.C.,Han, D.J. Blackwell Publishing Inc 2010 Transplant infectious disease Vol.12 No.2

<P>S.-H. Kim, S.-O. Lee, I.-A. Park, S.J. Park, S.-H. Choi, Y.S. Kim, J.H. Woo, S.-K. Park, J.S. Park, S.C. Kim, D.J. Han. Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation.Transpl Infect Dis 2010: <B>12:</B> 113–119. All rights reserved</P><P>Background</P><P>The presence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) should be evaluated before kidney transplantation. Although a new T cell-based assay for diagnosing LTBI gave promising results, this assay has not yet been compared with the tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosing LTBI in renal transplant candidates before transplantation.</P><P>Patients and methods</P><P>All adult patients admitted to a single institute for renal transplantation over a 1-year period were prospectively enrolled. A clinically predictive risk of LTBI was defined as: (i) recent close contact with a person with pulmonary TB; (ii) abnormal chest radiography; (iii) a history of untreated or inadequately treated TB; or (iv) a new infection (i.e., a recent conversion of TST).</P><P>Results</P><P>Of 209 renal recipients, 47 (22%) had a positive TST≥5 mm, 21 (10%) had a positive TST≥10 mm, 65 (30%) had a positive T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test, and 25 (12%) had an indeterminate T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test. The induration size of TST was significantly associated with a high positivity rate on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> (<I>P</I><0.001). Agreement between T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test and TST≥10 mm was fair (<I>k</I>=0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.36). However, neither univariate nor multivariate analysis showed any association between the clinical risk for LTBI and positivity on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> or TST.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test was more frequently positive than TST in renal transplant candidates. However, further longitudinal studies are awaited to determine whether the ability of T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> assay to detect LTBI in renal transplant recipients can better predict the development of TB than can TST after transplantation.</P>

Involvement of S6K1 in mitochondria function and structure in HeLa cells

Park, J.,Tran, Q.,Mun, K.,Masuda, K.,Kwon, S.H.,Kim, S.H.,Kim, D.H.,Thomas, G.,Park, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Cellular signalling Vol.28 No.12

The major biological function of mitochondria is to generate cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation. Apart from cellular respiration, mitochondria also play a key role in signaling processes, including aging and cancer metabolism. It has been shown that S6K1-knockout mice are resistant to obesity due to enhanced beta-oxidation, with an increased number of large mitochondria. Therefore, in this report, the possible involvement of S6K1 in regulating mitochondria dynamics and function has been investigated in stable lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells. Interestingly, S6K1-stably depleted HeLa cells showed phenotypical changes in mitochondria morphology. This observation was further confirmed by detailed image analysis of mitochondria shape. Corresponding molecular changes were also observed in these cells, such as the induction of mitochondrial fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1). Oxygen consumption is elevated in S6K1-depeleted HeLa cells and FL5.12 cells. In addition, S6K1 depletion leads to enhancement of ATP production in cytoplasm and mitochondria. However, the relative ratio of mitochondrial ATP to cytoplasmic ATP is actually decreased in lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells compared to control cells. Lastly, induction of mitophagy was found in lenti-shS6K1-HeLa cells with corresponding changes of mitochondria shape on electron microscope analysis. Taken together, our results indicate that S6K1 is involved in the regulation of mitochondria morphology and function in HeLa cells. This study will provide novel insights into S6K1 function in mitochondria-mediated cellular signaling.

S–N Fatigue and Fatigue Crack Propagation Behaviors of X80 Steel at Room and Low Temperatures

Jung, D. H.,Kwon, J. K.,Woo, N. S.,Kim, Y. J.,Goto, M.,Kim, S. Springer Science + Business Media 2014 Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Physi Vol.45 No.2

<P>In the present study, the S-N fatigue and the fatigue crack propagation (FCP) behaviors of American Petroleum Institute X80 steel were examined in the different locations of the base metal (BM), weld metal (WM), and heat-affected zone (HAZ) at 298 K, 223 K, and 193 K (25 degrees C, 50 degrees C, and 80 degrees C). The resistance to S-N fatigue of X80 BM specimen increased greatly with decreasing temperature from 298 K to 193 K (25 degrees C to -80 degrees C) and showed a strong dependency on the flow strength (1/2(yield strength + tensile strength)). The FCP rates of X80 BM specimen were substantially reduced with decreasing temperature from 298 K to 223 K (25 degrees C to 50 degrees C) over the entire Delta K regime, while further reduction in FCP rates was not significant with temperature from 223 K to 193 K (-50 degrees C to -80 degrees C). The FCP rates of the X80 BM and the WM specimens were comparable with each other, while the HAZ specimen showed slightly better FCP resistance than the BM and the WM specimens over the entire Delta K regime at 298 K (25 degrees C). Despite the varying microstructural characteristics of each weld location, the residual stress appeared to be a controlling factor to determine the FCP behavior. The FCP behaviors of high strength X80 steel were discussed based on the microstructural and the fractographic observations. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2013</P>

Phase II study of S-1 combined with oxaliplatin as therapy for patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer: influence of the <i>CYP2A6</i> polymorphism on pharmacokinetics and clinical activity

Kim, K-p,Jang, G,Hong, Y S,Lim, H-S,Bae, K-s,Kim, H-S,Lee, S S,Shin, J-G,Lee, J-L,Ryu, M-H,Chang, H-M,Kang, Y-K,Kim, T W Nature Publishing Group 2011 The British journal of cancer Vol.104 No.4

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Advanced biliary cancer is often treated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of a combination of S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine prodrug, and oxaliplatin in patients with metastatic biliary cancer.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Patients with histologically confirmed metastatic biliary cancer and no history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy were enrolled. Oxaliplatin was administered intravenously (130 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>), followed by 14-day administration of oral S-1 (40 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP> twice daily) with a subsequent 7-day rest period every 21 days. Pharmacokinetic analysis of S-1 was performed at cycle 1. Patients were genotyped for <I>CYP2A6</I> polymorphisms (<SUP>*</SUP>1, <SUP>*</SUP>4, <SUP>*</SUP>7, <SUP>*</SUP>9 or <SUP>*</SUP>10), and pharmacokinetic and clinical parameters compared according to the <I>CYP2A6</I> genotype.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>In total, 49 patients were evaluated, who received a median of four cycles. The overall response rate was 24.5%. Median progression-free and overall survival was 3.7 and 8.7 months, respectively. The most common haematological grade 3 out of 4 toxicity was neutropenia (14%), while non-hematological grade 3 out of 4 toxicities included anorexia (14%), nausea (12%), asthenia (10%), vomiting (10%), and diarrhoea (4%). Biotransformation of S-1 (AUC<SUB>0−24 h</SUB> of 5-fluorouracil/AUC<SUB>0−24 h</SUB> of tegafur) was 1.85-fold higher for the <I>*1/*1</I> group than for the other groups (90% confidence interval 1.37–2.49). Diarrhoea (<I>P</I>=0.0740), neutropenia (<I>P</I>=0.396), and clinical efficacy (response rate, <I>P</I>=0.583; PFS, <I>P</I>=0.916) were not significantly associated with <I>CYP2A6</I> genotype, despite differences in 5-FU exposure.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>The combination of S-1 and oxaliplatin appears to be active and well tolerated in patients with metastatic biliary cancer, and thus is feasible as a therapeutic modality. <I>CYP2A6</I> genotypes are associated with differences in the biotransformation of S-1. However, the impact of the <I>CYP2A6</I> polymorphism on variations in clinical efficacy or toxicity requires further evaluation.</P>

Fatigue performance of deepwater SCR under short-term VIV considering various S-N curves

D.K. Kim,최한석,C.S. Shin,M.S. Liew,유수영,K.S. Park 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.5

In this study, a method for fatigue performance estimation of deepwater steel catenary riser (SCR) under short-term vortex-induced vibration was investigated for selected S-N curves. General tendency between S-N curve capacity and fatigue performance was analysed. SCRs are generally used to transport produced oil and gas or to export separated oil and gas, and are exposed to various environmental loads in terms of current, wave, wind and others. Current is closely related with VIV and it affects fatiguelife of riser structures significantly. In this regards, the process of appropriate S-N curve selection was performed in the initial design stage based on the scale of fabrication-related initial imperfections such as welding, hot spot, crack, stress concentration factor, and others. To draw the general tendency, the effects of stress concentration factor (SCF), S-N curve type, current profile, and three different sizes of SCRs wereconsidered, and the relationship between S-N curve capacity and short-term VIV fatigue performance of SCR was derived. In case of S-N curve selection, DNV (2012) guideline was adopted and four different current profiles of the Gulf of Mexico (normal condition and Hurricane condition) and Brazil (Amazon basin and Campos basin) were considered. The obtained results will be useful to select the S-N curve for deepwater SCRs and also to understand the relationship between S-N curve capacity and short-term VIV fatigue performance of deepwater SCRs.

S. Typhi, S. Typhimurium 및 S. Enteritidis 균의 분자역학적 연구

강연호,박미선,김성한,유재연,김호훈,이복권 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-

Pulse Shape Discrimination of Nuclear Recoil and Electron Recoil Events With a NaI(Tl) Crystal for Dark Matter Search

Kim, K. W.,Adhikari, G.,Adhikari, P.,Choi, S.,Ha, C.,Hahn, I. S.,Jeon, E. J.,Joo, H. W.,Kang, W. G.,Kim, H. J.,Kim, N. Y.,Kim, S. K.,Kim, Y. D.,Kim, Y. H.,Lee, H. S.,Lee, M. H.,Leonard, D. S.,Oh, S. Y IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on nuclear science Vol.63 No.2

<P>In order to investigate discrimination between nuclear recoil and electron recoil events for the KIMS-NaI dark matter search experiment, we measured the pulse shapes produced by neutrons and gamma rays in a NaI(Tl) crystal. Relatively good pulse shape discrimination (PSD) power due to high light output of recently developed crystals makes it possible to test whether the annual modulation signal observed by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment is caused by nuclear recoil events. We applied the PSD to underground data taken with a 9.15 kg low-background and high-light-output NaI(Tl) crystal for 134 days. Good agreement between underground data and electron recoil events was observed.</P>

Status of the KSTAR superconducting magnet system development

Kim, K.,Park, H.K.,Park, K.R.,Lim, B.S.,Lee, S.I.,Chu, Y.,Chung, W.H.,Oh, Y.K.,Baek, S.H.,Lee, S.J.,Yonekawa, H.,Kim, J.S.,Kim, C.S.,Choi, J.Y.,Chang, Y.B.,Park, S.H.,Kim, D.J.,Song, N.H.,Kim, K.P.,So International Atomic Energy Agency 2005 Nuclear fusion Vol.45 No.8

<P>The aim of the Korea superconducting tokamak advanced research (KSTAR) project is to develop a steady-state-capable advanced superconducting tokamak for establishing a scientific and technological basis for an attractive fusion reactor. Since the KSTAR mission includes the achievement of a steady-state-capable operation, the use of superconducting coils is an obvious choice for the magnet system. The KSTAR superconducting magnet system consists of 16 toroidal field (TF) and 14 poloidal field (PF) coils which include 8 central solenoid coils. Both the TF and PF coil systems use internally-cooled cable-in-conduit conductors (CICC). The TF coil system provides a magnetic field of 3.5 T at the plasma centre and the PF coil system provide a flux swing of 17 V s. The major achievement in the KSTAR magnet system development includes the development of CICC, a full size TF model coil, a background magnetic field generation coil system and the construction of a large scale superconducting magnet and the CICC test facility. TF and PF coils are at the stage of fabrication for the KSTAR completion in the year 2007.</P>

Integrin αvβ3-mediated transcriptional regulation of TIMP-1 in a human ovarian cancer cell line

Kim, D.S.,Jeon, O.H.,Lee, H.D.,Yoo, K.H.,Kim, D.S. Academic Press 2008 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.377 No.2

We have previously reported that a disintegrin inhibits solid tumor growth and metastasis in mouse model [I.C. Kang, Y.D. Lee, D.S. Kim, A novel disintegrin salmosin inhibits tumor angiogenesis, Cancer Res. 59 (1999) 3754-3760; S.I. Kim, K.S. Kim, H.S. Kim, D.S. Kim, Y. Jang, K.H. Chung, Y.S. Park, Inhibitory effect of the salmosin gene transferred by cationic liposomes on the progression of B16BL6 tumors, Cancer Res. 63 (2003) 6458-462]. In this study, we have investigated the modulatory effect of a disintegrin, saxatilin, on the balance between MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in human ovarian cancer cell line MDAH 2774. Functional mechanism of the disintegrin-mediated transcriptional regulation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was examined in the ovarian cancer cell line. Saxatilin strongly induced TIMP-1 expression in dose- and time-dependent manners, while the disintegrin suppressed MMP-9 expression. Further analyses clearly indicated that interaction of the disintegrin and integrin αvβ3 results in the TIMP-1 promoter activation via c-fos to suppress TNF-α-induced cancer cell invasion. These results demonstrate that integrin αvβ3-mediated transcriptional regulation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 is critical for suppressing the ovarian cancer cell invasion.

Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Typhimurium 및 Salmonella Enteritidis의 항균제 감수성 (1997)

신영학,유정식,김기상,정동준,오경수,이점규,이상원,이근영,박미선,이복권,김호훈 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-