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East Asia Free Trade Area: From ASEAN Plus One Perspective
Tran Nhuam Kien 대구대학교 경제경영연구소 2006 경제경영연구 Vol.4 No.1
This paper analyzes reasons and motivations for the initiative of the ASEAN+1 FTAs in the context of East Asia's regional economic integrating that such initiative marks the commencement of an East Asian FTA, and in succession triggers the East Asian economic integration, which will balance the two major regional arrangements in the world, EU and NAFTA. Using a gravity model, I have examined whether ASEAN+1 FTAs are trade creation or trade diversion between member and non member countries on the way of forming FTAs in East Asia. The empirical results in the paper suggest two important conclusions. First, GDP, population, area of member countries as well as distance and language connection show significant for East Asia regional trade. Second, all ASEAN+1 FTAs are open to trade with the rest of the world (i.e., no trade diversion). However, the establishment of ASEAN+1 FTAs would worsen the trade balances of member counties with the United States and Japan.
Seismic Demand Evaluation of Steel MRF Buildings with Simple and Detailed Connection Models
Kien Le-Trung,이기학,이재홍,이도형 한국강구조학회 2010 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.10 No.1
A detailed connection model can take into account effects such as strength and stiffness degradation, pinching and brittle behavior while a simple one cannot. This study investigates the effects of using the detailed and simple connection models on the seismic behavior of steel moment resisting frame (MRF) buildings. The frame models designed by 1994 UBC and 2000IBC provisions involved the use of clear length dimensions of elements, panel zone models, and connection models subjected to suites of 20 accelerograms with 50/50, 10/50 and 2/50 hazard levels. The interstory drifts, column axial forces, and probability of building failure were investigated. The results show that the discrepancy of the building behaviors between using the detailed and simple connections became larger when the more severe seismic hazard levels and higher percentile values were considered. Therefore, the detailed connection models would be recommended to evaluate and predict seismic performance of steel MRF buildings.
Effects of Channel Aging in Massive MIMO Systems
Kien T. Truong,Robert W. Heath, Jr. 한국통신학회 2013 Journal of communications and networks Vol.15 No.4
Multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) communication may provide high spectral efficiency through the deployment of a very large number of antenna elements at the base stations. The gains from massive MIMO communication come from the use of multi-user MIMO on the uplink and downlink, but with a large excess of antennas at the base station compared to the number of served users. Initial work on massive MIMO did not fully address several practical issues associated with its deployment. This paper considers the impact of channel aging on the performance of massiveMIMO systems. The effects of channel variation are characterized as a function of different system parameters assuming a simple model for the channel time variations at the transmitter. Channel prediction is proposed to overcome channel aging effects. The analytical results on aging show how capacity is lost due to time variation in the channel. Numerical results in a multicell network show that massive MIMO works even with some channel variation and that channel prediction could partially overcome channel aging effects.
Kien T. Nguyen,Tai H. Thai,Thuc P. Vo 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.1
A refined higher-order shear deformation theory for bending, vibration and buckling analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates is presented in this paper. It contains only four unknowns, accounts for a hyperbolic distribution of transverse shear stress and satisfies the traction free boundary conditions. Equations of motion are derived from Hamilton;s principle. The Navier-type and finite element solutions are derived for plate with simply-supported and various boundary conditions, respectively. Numerical examples are presented for functionally graded sandwich plates with homogeneous hardcore and softcore to verify the validity of the developed theory. It is observed that the present theory with four unknowns predicts the response accurately and efficiently.
Wage Differentials among Ownership Groups and Worker Quality in Vietnamese Manufacturing
Kien Trung Nguyen,Eric D. Ramstetter 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2017 Global economic review Vol.46 No.3
Wholly foreign multinational enterprises (WFs), joint-venture multinationals (JVs), state-owned enterprises (SOEs) pay higher wages than domestic private firms in Vietnamese manufacturing. In large samples of medium–large (20+ employees) firms, conditional differentials accounting for worker education and occupation, as well as capital intensity, size, and shares of female workers, were substantially smaller, but positive and significant. Wage levels and differentials varied substantially among industries. Conditional differentials remained positive and significant for WFs and JVs in most of the 11 industries examined, but estimates of SOE-private differentials were insignificant in most industries. Robustness checks using 2007 data yielded similar results.
Kien Nguyen, T.,Nguyen, V.D.,Seong, B.,Hoang, N.,Park, J.,Byun, D. Pergamon Press 2014 Journal of aerosol science Vol.71 No.-
Electrospray and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet have been paid much attention to produce fine droplets or particles. However, although applying a constant voltage, meniscus fluctuation may occur because of the variation in electric field. There are various reasons for the change in electric field such as distance between a nozzle to a substrate, wetting condition, pressure drop, and liquid vaporization. The fluctuation of the meniscus during jetting may cause unstable jetting and spray, which results in non-uniform patterning or coating. To tackle this problem, this paper introduces an advanced control of applied voltage that keeps the meniscus stable. An image processing method called meniscus characterization is used to provide information about the meniscus shape to a controller as a feedback signal. In addition, this meniscus information is also used to evaluate an optimal voltage that is applied to the nozzle to improve the startup time in the spray and EHD ejection. The experiment results show that the shape of meniscus is stably maintained, the jetting and the electrospray also become stable and the jet startup time is reduced.