Korean Gender Statistics

Kitaek Jeon 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2008 Gender Studies and Policy Review Vol.1 No.-

Topic Prominence in the Hawaiian Language

Kitaek Kim 한국언어연구학회 2018 언어학연구 Vol.23 No.3

This study explores whether Hawaiian, a canonically VSO language, has the properties of topic-prominent (TopP) languages. Based on tests using the diagnostics for TopP and subjectprominent (SP) languages, this study concludes that Hawaiian is closer to TopP languages than SP languages. First, Hawaiian has a topic marker like other TopP languages. When Hawaiian 'o is followed by an NP in the sentence initial position, the NP becomes the center of attention in the sentence and is definite. In addition, the 'o-marked fronted NP can control co-referential constituent deletion. Second, there are sentences that can be viewed as double-subject constructions, which appear in TopP languages but not in SP languages. Third, Hawaiian has no constraint on what may be the topic, which again suggests that Hawaiian has the properties of TopP languages. Finally, lack of subject-verb agreement and dummy subject supports that Hawaiian is distant from SP languages.

L1 Korean Transfer in Processing L2 English Passive Sentences

Kitaek Kim 한국응용언어학회 2013 응용 언어학 Vol.29 No.4

This study shows transfer of L1 Korean properties in processing L2 English passive sentences online. There are some verbs in Korean that do not carry passive meaning, and I hypothesized that if L1 feeds L2 processing, Korean learners of L2 English would process slowly on the English passive sentences with the verbs. An online self-paced reading task was conducted with 75 Korean learners of L2 English and 13 native English controls. The 75 Korean participants were divided into three groups of English proficiency. The results demonstrate that lower-level Korean L2ers of English showed slowdown in reading and answering comprehension questions for English passive sentences when the English verbs in them do not carry passive meaning in Korean.

Acquisition of the Third Person Singular -s by L1- Korean Adult/Child Learners of English

Kitaek Kim 한국응용언어학회 2017 응용 언어학 Vol.33 No.1

This study explores whether children have an advantage over adults in learning second language (L2) inflectional morphology. L2 theories such as the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis and the Less Is More Hypothesis would predict that children have an advantage over adults in the acquisition of L2 inflectional morphology. The study focuses on the English third person singular -s, which is notoriously difficult for L2 speakers to acquire. Korean adult (n = 51) and child (n = 40) L2 learners completed a picturenarration task designed to assess their implicit knowledge of the target morpheme. The analysis found no difference in the performances of proficiency-matching children and adults, contra the Fundamental Difference Hypothesis and the Less Is More Hypothesis.

Acquisition of the Third Person Singular -s by L1-Korean Adult/Child Learners of English

Kitaek Kim 한국영어교육학회 2019 KATE Forum Vol.43 No.1

Overgenerated be from Topic Marker to Verbal Inflection

Kitaek Kim 서울대학교 2011 외국어교육연구 Vol.14 No.-

This study explores the morpho-syntactic properties of the ‘overgenerated be’ that appears between a subject and a thematic verb (e.g., she is go home) produced by Korean-speaking English learners, and discusses how the overgenerated be reflects L2 inflection development. I argue that the overgenerated be initially functions as a topic marker, but then develops into a verbal inflection. A total of 377 writings of 23 first-year Korean middle school students were examined for the study. The students were divided into three groups based on their English proficiency. The overgenerated be was found mostly in the two lowest proficiency groups: the lowest proficiency group used the overgenerated be as a topic marker, while the medium proficiency group used the ‘overgenerated be’ as a verbal inflection to mark tense.

Feature Extraction and Evaluation for Classification Models of Injurious Falls Based on Surface Electromyography

Kitaek Lim,Woochol Joseph Choi 한국전문물리치료학회 2021 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Background: Only 2% of falls in older adults result in serious injuries (i.e., hip fracture). Therefore, it is important to differentiate injurious versus non-injurious falls, which is critical to develop effective interventions for injury prevention. Objects: The purpose of this study was to a. extract the best features of surface electromy-ography (sEMG) for classification of injurious falls, and b. find a best model provided by data mining techniques using the extracted features.Methods: Twenty young adults self-initiated falls and landed sideways. Falling trials were consisted of three initial fall directions (forward, sideways, or backward) and three knee po-sitions at the time of hip impact (the impacting-side knee contacted the other knee (“knee together”) or the mat (“knee on mat”), or neither the other knee nor the mat was contacted by the impacting-side knee (“free knee”). Falls involved “backward initial fall direction” or “free knee” were defined as “injurious falls” as suggested from previous studies. Nine features were extracted from sEMG signals of four hip muscles during a fall, including integral of absolute value (IAV), Wilson amplitude (WAMP), zero crossing (ZC), number of turns (NT), mean of am-plitude (MA), root mean square (RMS), average amplitude change (AAC), difference absolute standard deviation value (DASDV). The decision tree and support vector machine (SVM) were used to classify the injurious falls. Results: For the initial fall direction, accuracy of the best model (SVM with a DASDV) was 48%. For the knee position, accuracy of the best model (SVM with an AAC) was 49%. Further-more, there was no model that has sensitivity and specificity of 80% or greater.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the classification model built upon the sEMG features of the four hip muscles are not effective to classify injurious falls. Future studies should con-sider other data mining techniques with different muscles.

Characterizing Viscoelastic Property of Soft Tissue Over the Hip as a Risk Factor of Pressure Ulcer

Kitaek Lim,Seung-su Kim,Woochol Joseph Choi 한국전문물리치료학회 2021 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Background: A pressure ulcer is common in soft tissue over the greater trochanter (GT) in side-lying position, and sustained tissue deformation induced by the prolonged external force is a primary cause, which can be discussed with soft tissues’ viscoelastic properties (i.e., stress relaxation, creep response). Objects: Using an automated hand-held indentation device, we measured the viscoelastic properties of soft tissue over the hip area, in order to examine how the properties are affected by site with respect to the GT. Methods: Twenty participants (15 males and 5 females) who aged from 21 to 32 were participated. An automated hand-held indentation device was used to measure the stress relaxation time and creep response. Trials were acquired for three different locations with respect to the GT (i.e., right over the GT, 6 cm anterior or posterior to the GT). For each location, five trials were acquired and averaged for data analyses. Results: Soft tissues’ stress relaxation time and creep response were associated with site (F = 23.98, p < 0.005; F = 24.09, p < 0.005; respectively). The stress relaxation time was greatest at posterior gluteal region (19.22 ± 2.49 ms), and followed by anterior region (15.39 ± 2.47 ms) and right over the GT (14.40 ± 3.18 ms). Similarly, creep response was greatest at posterior gluteal region (1.16 ± 0.14), and followed by anterior region (0.95 ± 0.14) and right over the GT (0.89 ± 0.18). Conclusion: Our results showed that the stress relaxation and creep were greatest at the posterior gluteal region and least at right over the GT, indicating that the gluteal soft tissue is more protective to the prolonged external force, when compared to the trochanteric soft tissue. The results suggest that a risk of pressure ulcer over the GT may decrease with slightly posteriorly rotated side-lying position.

Bioprocess Engineering ; Cell Image Processing Methods for Automatic Cell Pattern Recognition and Morphological Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells -An Algorithm for Cell Classification and Adaptive Brightness Correction-

( Kitaek Lim ),( Soo Hyun Park ),( Jang Ho Kim ),( Hoon Seon Woo ),( Pill Hoon Choung ),( Jong Hoon Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2013 바이오시스템공학 Vol.38 No.1

Purpose: The present study aimed at image processing methods for automatic cell pattern recognition and morphological analysis for tissue engineering applications. The primary aim was to ascertain the novel algorithm of adaptive brightness correction from microscopic images for use as a potential image analysis. Methods: General microscopic image of cells has a minor problem which the central area is brighter than edge-area because of the light source. This may affect serious problems to threshold process for cell-number counting or cell pattern recognition. In order to compensate the problem, we processed to find the central point of brightness and give less weight-value as the distance to centroid. Results: The results presented that microscopic images through the brightness correction were performed clearer than those without brightness compensation. And the classification of mixed cells was performed as well, which is expected to be completed with pattern recognition later. Beside each detection ratio of hBMSCs and HeLa cells was 95% and 92%, respectively. Conclusions: Using this novel algorithm of adaptive brightness correction could control the easier approach to cell pattern recognition and counting cell numbers.

Forecasting Using Interval Neural Networks

Kitaek Kwon,Hisao Ishibuchi,Hideo Tanaka 대한산업공학회 1994 대한산업공학회지 Vol.20 No.4