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( Hyang Jee ),( Su Hyung Lee ),( Jun Won Park ),( Bo Ram Lee ),( Ki Taek Nam ),( Dae Yong Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2013 BMB Reports Vol.46 No.1
Gap junctions and their structural proteins, connexins (Cxs), have been implicated in carcinogenesis. To explore the involvement of Cx32 in gastric carcinogenesis, immunochemical analysis of Cx32 and proliferation marker Ki67 using tissue-microarrayed human gastric cancer and normal tissues was performed. In addition, after Cx32 overexpression in the human gastric cancer cell line AGS, cell proliferation, cell cycle analyses, and p21^Cip1 and p27^Kip1 expression levels were examined by bromodeoxyuridine assay, flow cytometry, real-time RT-PCR, and western blotting. Immunohistochemical study noted a strong inverse correlation between Cx32 and Ki67 expression pattern as well as their location. In vitro, overexpression of Cx32 in AGS cells inhibited cell proliferation significantly. G1 arrest, up-regulation of cell cycle-regulatory proteins p21^Cip1 and p27^Kip1 was also found at both mRNA and protein levels. Taken together, Cx32 plays some roles in gastric cancer development by inhibiting gastric cancer cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest and cell cycle regulatory proteins. [BMB Reports 2013; 46(1): 25-30]
한랭환경하에서 면양의 Glucose와 Insulin 분비에 관한 연구
남기택 안성산업대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.32 No.-
한랭 스트레스는 가축에 있어 사료소화율의 저하 및 유량의 저하 등 생산성에 커다란 영향을 미치는 것은 잘 알려져 있는 사실이자. 본 연구는 면양에 있어서 상온 및 한랭환경하에서의 내분비학적 검토를 하기위해 혈장 Glucose 및 Insulin 농도의 일내 변동을 상온 및 한랭 양 환경하에서 비교 검토하였다. 실험 동물은 체중 34-56㎏의 잡종 거세 면양 7두를 공시하였다. 동물은 환경조절실 (20±2℃)의 대사 케이지 사육하였고, 사료는 Alfalfa hay cube를 체중의 2%량으로 1일 1회 17시에 급여하였다. 음수는 자유로이 섭취케 하였다. 상온에서 실험후 면양은 한랭의 효과를 높이기 위해 양모를 2㎜정도 깍고 0±2℃에서 사육후 7일째에 한랭실험을 행하였다. 한랭환경하에서도 사육조건은 일정하게 하였다. 혈액채취는 양환경 모두 경정맥으로부터 15분간격으로 24시간 실시하였다. 1일 평균 혈장 Glucose 농도는 상온보다 24시간 전시간대에 걸쳐 한랭환경하에서 유의하게 높아 명백한 고혈당을 야기시켰다. 한편 가 환경별 일내 변동을 살펴보면 상온 및 한랭환경 모두 채식전후에 가장 낮은 농도를 나타내어 단위동물에서 나타나는 id상과는 다른 것이었다. 혈장 Insulin의 1일 평균농도는 상온에 비해 한랭환경에서 유의하게 낮아(P<0.05) Insulin 분해비는 한랭환경에 있어서 억제된 것으로 생각된다. 또한 양환경간의 일내 변동은 채식전후에서는 한랭환경에서 상온환경보다 Insulin,수준이 낮았지만 이후 시기에 있어서는 양환경의 insulin, 수준은 거의 같은 정도이거나 한랭에서 오히려 유의하게 높은 시기가 있는 등, Insulin, 분비에 대한 상온 및 한랭 환경하에서의 분비동태는 상당히 복잡한 양상을 나타내고 있다. The effects of cold exposure on the plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin were determined at 15min intervals during a period of 24h. Seven adult castrated male sheep and weighing 34-56㎏ were used. The experiment in a warm environment were carried out in a climatic room at an air temperature 20±2℃. Two weeks after the experiment in the warm environment in the animals were closely clipped to increase the rate of cooling. The experiment in a cold environment was done on the 7th day of cold. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and duncan's multiple range test. Cold exposure caused an obvious hyperglycemia. The mean 24th concentrations of plasma glucose were 52.1㎎/100ml in the warm and 63.0㎎/m100ml in the cold environment. Plasma glucose level gradually increased following feeding in the warm, reaching significantly elevated values during the periods between 21-01h, and between 01-05h. In the cold environment, however, an increase in plasma glucose was not apparent following feeding. The mean 4-h plasma glucose concentration for each period in the cold was higher than that in the warm environment. Mean plasma insulin concentrations were 8.14μU/ml in the warm and 6.21μU/ml in the cold environment. Plasma insulin marked increased following feeding in the warm environment. In th cold environment a slight but significant(P<0.05) increase on plasma insulin was sustained throughout the periods after feeding. Plasma insulin levels during all period were lower in the cold than in th warm environment, except for the periods between 21-05h.
화상을 입힌 생쥐의 흉선과 비장 임파구아형과 조직학적 소견의 변화
한기택,안상태,강윤섭,임 풍 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.4
Due to various documented abnormalities of cell mediated immunity, sepsis still remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality after initial survival from extensive thermal burn. However, the exact mechanisms of immunosuppression after extensive thermal burn remains uncertain. For th observation of immune state, changes of lymphocyte subpopulation have been usually measured in lymphocyte samples from peripheral blood by many reports, but it is only a small fraction of the total lymphocyte pool in the body, and may not present valid picture of the immunological state of the individual. Therefore, analysis of lymphocyte phenotype in thymus and spleen is thought to be necessary in understanding more exact mechanism of immunological changes in extensive thermal burn. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes of immunocompetency by observing the changes of subpopulation of spleen and thymus lymphocyte using monoclolnal antibodies and changes of tissue with light microscope in burned mice. Cell populations were isolated from spleen and thymus of control and burned mice on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 14th and 21st postburn days(PBD). The cell populations were measured with monoclonal antibody by flow cytometry. The results were as follows: 1.In thymus, Thy 1.2+, L3T4+ and LYt2+ cells decreased markedly on the 3rd PBD. Thy 1.2+ and L3T4+ cells decreased also on 5th, 7th, 14th PBD and returned to control level on 21st PBD, but Lyt2+ cells increased more significantly than control after 3rd PBD and returned to normal on 21st PBD. Qa2+ cells revealed most significant reduction on 7th PBD. 2.In spleen, Thy 1.2+, L3T4+ and Ia+ cells increased on 3rd PBD and then decreased on 7th and 14th PBD. Lyt2+ cells increased in all the burned groups. Qa2+ cells increased on 3rd, 5th PBD and returned to normal level. L3T4+ cell/Lyt2+ cell ratio revealed signicant reduction, but they recovered by the 21st PBD. 3.In histopathologic findings of the spleen & thymus, the all cell subpoulations decreased at 1st PBD, but more increased than that of group of 3rd PBD. And then they revealed normal architecture after 5th PBD.
申宅秀,柳聖琦,鄭明秀,李起男 한국전통의학연구소 2006 한국전통의학지 Vol.15 No.1
This Study aims at looking into the use of oriental medical services in treating hypertension. The first objective to be explored through this study is the morbidity caused by the disease, classifying them by age, gender, and occupation. The second is to determine the regular use of anti-hypertensive medicine and their efficacy in controlling blood-pressure. The third is to investigate the use-rate and satisfaction of oriental medical service. 838 households across the country, were asked to answer questionnaires for the period of time from Apr. to Jun. 2005. The conclusion from the survey can be summarized as following. The age of which the first medical diagnosis of hypertension were made showed lower in males, those with higher education and income. The study showed females were more active in blood-pressure control, with their frequent monitoring of blood-pressure for the past year. With age, people in under 50 age group proved to be less active. The management of high blood pressure was more effective in group with regular dosage compared to group with irregular use of anti-hypertensive medication, but their difference was minimal. Also, group with no medication showed signs of blood-pressure control. The use of oriental medical service for the past year, were more frequent in groups with lower education, either low or high income, old age, females and occupations in agriculture, forestry and fishing industry. Results were similar in both general population and high blood-pressure patient group. Females, people over 51 years old and with lower education showed more intentions in utilizing oriental medical services in the future. Results were similar in both general population and high blood-pressure patient group. It is necessary to offer a more accurate information on oriental medical treatments. Also, a systematic reform to reduce the patient's share of the treatment cost, as well as, heightening public awareness on the infirmity of present blood-pressure management system is crucial.
權奇澤 동양대학교 1996 동양대학교 논문집 Vol.2 No.1
This paper examines the ability of fuzzy neural networks to the approximate realization of fuzzy if-then rules. Fuzzy neural networks in this paper are characterized by fuzzy weights and fuzzy biases. This means that the weights and biases are given by fuzzy numbers instead of real numbers. First, the input-output relation of a three-layer feedforward fuzzy neural network is defined for fuzzy input vectors by the extension principle of Zadeh. Next, a cost function is defined for the level sets of fuzzy actual outputs and fuzzy target outputs. A learning algorithm is derived from the cost function in a similar manner as the back-propagation algorithm. Last, using a numerical example, the fuzzy neural networks with fuzzy weights and fuzzy biases are compared with other fuzzy neural networks with crisp weights and crisp biases designed for handling fuzzy input-output data.
레이저를 이용한 Tailored Blank 용접 판재의 피로거동
오택열,권윤기,이종재,곽대순 韓國工作機械學會 2000 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.9 No.4
For the Tailor Welded Blank sheet used for automobile body panel, the characteristics of fatigue strength and crack propagation behavior were studied. The thickness of specimen was joined to be same (0.9mm+0.9mm) and different (0.9mm+2.0mm). As a base test, mechanical properties around weld zone were examined. The results indicated that there were no significant decreases in mechanical properties, but hardness around weld bead was 2.3 times greater than base material. The fatigue strength was the highest when the loading direction was parallel to the welding direction, which was about 85% of tensile strength of base metal. It was decreased by 8.5% when the thickness of specimen and base metal was different, and it was increased by 25% when pre-strain was applied. The crack propagation rate was noticeably decreased around weld line and rapidly increased as it passed through weld line. Reviewing the shape of the crack propagation, crack width around weld line was wide around the weld zone due to retardation of crack growth, but it became narrow passing weld line due to decreased toughness.
이기택,고상두 한국전략문제연구소 1998 전략논총 Vol.- No.10
본 논문의 연구목적은 북한의 생존전략을 검토하고, 더 나아가 북한의 체제변화를 위하여 한국이 취하여야 할 통일안보전략을 모색하는 데에 있다. 북한은 여러 가지의 어려움을 동시에 겪고 있다. 경제는 지속적으로 마이너스 성장을 하고 있고, 특히 식량부족은 심각한 수준이다. 국제적인 고립이 심화되어 왔으며, 남북한간의 경제력의 차이가 점점 더 벌어지고 있다. 게다가 사회통제체제가 제 기능을 충분히 발휘하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 배경에서 북한에는 사회통합의 위기현상이 다양하게 나타나고 있고, 이것은 사회적 일탈행위의 증대라는 현상에서 구체적으로 드러나고 있다. 정권에 대한 소극적인 저항행위가 목격되고 있고, 간부급 지도층과 일반 주민간의 갈등이 증가하고 있으며, 주민들이 김정일에 대하여 점차적으로 비판적인 입장을 취하고 있다. 1990년대에 접어들면서 북한주민의 대량 탈북 현상이 나타나고 있다. 이와 같은 사회적 위기에 대처하기 위하여 북한 정권은 생존전략을 채택하고 있다. 김정일은 동구 사회주의권의 붕괴가 사회주의 이데올로기가 해이해짐으로써 발생하였다고 믿고 있으며, 북한 체제의 유지를 위해서는 당의 지도하에 사상교육이 보다 강화되어야 한다고 생각한다. 같은 맥락에서 북한은 남한으로부터 외부 정보가 유입되는 것을 막기 위하여 남한과의 교류와 협력을 기피하고 있다. 왜냐하면, 김정일은 한국이 북한체제에 대한 가장 중대한 위협요인이라고 보기 때문이다. 따라서, 그는 정권의 붕괴를 막기 위하여 미국과 적극적으로 직접적인 접촉을 도모하고 있지만, 남한을 철저히 배제하는 입장을 취하는 것이다. 그리하여, 북한은 핵카드를 이용하여 미국과의 접촉에 성공하였다. 평양당국은 "개혁없는 개방"을 시도하고 있다. 하지만, 많은 사건들이 증명하듯이 종래의 남한적화전략은 전혀 변하지 않고 있다. 왜냐하면, 북한에서 군부는 여태까지 정권유지에 있어서 가장 중요한 버팀목이었기 때문이다. 김정일도 군비증강이 내부적으로는 사회적 긴장을 일정한 수준으로 유지시켜주고, 외부적으로는 남한과의 접촉을 막을 수 있는 이중효과를 가지고 있다고 인식하고 있다. 이러한 이유에서 군비증강과 남한적화전략은 김정일의 정통성을 강화시키는 역할을 하고 있는 것이다. 한반도의 통일은 북한의 체제가 변화할 때에 비로소 가능하다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 전제조건을 마련하기 위해서는 한국이 북한의 체제변동을 초래할 수 있는 통일안보전략을 마련하여 실행하여야 한다. 이 전략의 핵심내용은 북한의 주민과 권력 엘리트의 의식을 변화시키는 것을 목적으로 하는 대북 교류 및 협력정책이다. This paper examines Pyongyang's survival strategy and then explores a strategy that South Korea should employ to manage a transformation in North Korea. North Korea has suffered from almost every kind of difficulties. Its economy has continued to decline, and particularly serious is the food shortage. International isolation has deepened, the economic gap between the South and North has further widened. The social control system is not operating properly. There are symptoms of social integration crisis in North Korea, more and more kinds of social deviance are appearing in North Korea. Some passive forms of opposition activities against the political regime are being observed, and conflict between the ruling cadres and masses is increasing. Criticism is also increasing against Kim Jongil. An increasing number of North Korean residents have defected to South Korea in the 1990s. North Korea has adopted a survival strategy to get around its social crises. North Korea believes that the collapse of East European socialism is due to the failure to maintain the integrity of ideology and that ideological education should be emphasized under the guidance of the party to overcome the current crisis. North Korea will avoid the contacts with Seoul, which is believed to be more threatening to the North Korean system than anything else. To escape the regime crisis, North Korea has pursued direct dialogue with the US while strictly avoiding dialogue with South Korea. The nuclear issue was used as an effective instrument to establish contact with US. Pyongyang authority is attempting at an open-door policy without reform. However, the original communizing strategy has not basically changed, as much evidence demonstrates. The North Korean military has been the mainstay of Kim Ilsung as well as Kim Jongil. Kim Jongil might perceive that the domestic and foreign impact of a significant arms buildup would boost the legitimacy of his own regime. A Unification in Korean peninsula needs a political change in North Korea. In this context, South Korea should employ such a policy that could change consciousness of people and power elite in North Korea.
흰 쥐 모델에서 지연재식 시 dexamethasone과 OP-1의 표면처리가 치주조직 재생 및 항흡수 작용에 미치는 효과
권오택,금기연,이승종 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.4
본 연구를 종합하면 통계학적인 유의차는 없었으나 OP-1에 비해서는 DEX로 처치한 군에서 더 많은 골유합이 나타났으며 고농도의 OP-1으로 처치한 군에서는 골유합 없이 치주재생이 일어나는 부위가 많이 관찰되었다. 그러나 차후에는 DEX나 OP-1이 치주조직 내의 어느 세포에 어떠한 기전으로 작용하는지 분자생물학적인 방법을 통하여 규명하고 이를 토대로 치주인대의 손상 후 야기되는 골성 유합을 줄이는 효과적인 치료약제나 방법을 개발하는 연구가 계속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료되며 6주 이상의 재식기간 후 각 약제의 조직학적 반응을 평가하기 위한 실험도 추가되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 태생 40일 된 Spray-Dolwey계 흰 쥐의 상악 제1대구치를 발거하고 30분간 자연건조시킨 뒤 MB치근을 Caviton으로 근관충전하고 MB 치근표면에 DEX와 OP-1을 농도를 달리하여 도포한 후 재식하고 3주후 골 및 백악질의 재형성과 치주재생 및 치근 흡수 방지효과를 관찰한 결과 고농도의 OP-1이 조직학적인 관찰에서 치근흡수, 골성 유합 및 염증 정도에서 가장 우수한 결과를 보여주었고 치주 재생능력 면에서도 가장 뛰어난 것으로 나타났으나 추후에는 6주 이상의 장기관찰 후 각 약제의 조직학적 반응도를 평가하기 위한 실험이 추가되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.