家族法序說 : 家族法의 新硏究方法論

曺圭甲 건국대학교 1967 學術誌 Vol.8 No.1

In order to study the proper function of the law new approach must be used. Conceptualism must be replaced by the functional approach of the study of the law. Conceptualism regards the law as the totality of logical entity. The functional approach stress the cultural contex and function of the given legal system. Prevailing tendency of the legal science in Korea is conceptualism. It does not help to train the law students who will be able to use their professional skills and knowledge for the betterment of their society, Because they lack in understanding of the function of the given legal system. In defining the law conceptualism regards it as the system of coercive norms, but the functional approach see it as power process in the society The law defined by conceptualism is normative ambiguity, It does not clearly refer to how they are to be used indescribing what people say and do. In the functional approach law may be define in terms of perspectives and operations, may be distinguished patterns of authority and patterns of control. The contraption of law must be studied as a process of authoritative decision. In addition to it comprehensiveness in the types of decisions must be considered. Also the relation of processes of authoritative decision to more comprehensive social process must be considered. The relation to community processes must be taken acount. The past experience showed that the family problems have been hardly solved by the mere legal judgement. The family problems have many side. It has psychological, social and cultural elements. Therefore, in order to solve the family problems interdisciplinary approach must be used. The family lawyer must have the knowledge of the family sociology, sychology and the culture in which the family formed. In order to study the family law by the functional approach the goal of the family must be specified. The past trends must be studied. The current factors must be considered. The future prediction must be made. The alternative must be invented. The new approach will give the practical knowledge and wisdom in the country such as in Korea where the positive law and the living has wide gap.

國際海峽의 通航權

曺圭甲 건국대학교 1975 法經論叢 Vol.1975 No.10

NiO-ZnO-Fe_2O_3 System의 물성에 관한 연구

최재시,김규홍,전종호,박광하 연세대학교 자연과학연구소 1984 學術論文集 Vol.13 No.-

NiO-Z_nO-Fe_2O_3계에 대하여, Solid Solution 을 이루는 적합한 조성관계와 여러가지 비율로 혼합한 페라이트에 대하여 자성, 전도성을 측정하였다. 각 시료의 비저항은 3×10^-6Ωcm이었고, α-Fe_2O_3, NiO, ZnO의 조성비가 50, 15, 35mol %인 페라이트가 가장 높은 μ와 Q값을 갖는다. physical-chemical properties and the best composition of the solid solution of the NiO-ZnO-Fe_2O_3 system were checked by Q-meter and electrometer. The resistivity of each sample is 3×10^-6Ωcm, and the best composition of nickel ferrite for radio frequency use is α-Fe_2O_3:NiO:ZnO=50:15:35(mol%).

癎疾에 대한 Diamox의 效果

南命錫,李奎恒,金顯東 大韓神經精神醫學會 1966 신경정신의학 Vol.5 No.1

The anticonvulsive effect of Diamox was observed on 35 epileptic patients consisted of 18 old ones and 17 fresh ones, from May, 1965 to Sep, 1965, at the Neuropsychiatric Department of Seoul National University Hospital and The 3rd Army Hospital. Among 35 epileptics 9 cases were symptomatic, others idiopathic and in the age of the initial onset 20 cases were from 10 to 19 years old of patient's age 9 cases from 20 to 29, 3 cases from 30 to 39, 3 case over 40. 29 cases of them were grandmal and other mixed in clinical type. The doses of medication was 1-2gm/day without any other anticonvulsants, during two months over. We devided the effectiveness into four groups, Good (80-100% improvement), Fair (50-80% improvement), Poor (0-50% improvement), Wore (increased in frequency). RESULTS: 1) We could observe the good response in 57.1% of patients. The more fresh revealed the better result. (TableⅠ) 2) No distinction between the idiopathic and the symptomatic could be found in response. (TableⅢ) 3) The case of the more frequent attack revealed the better response. (TableⅣ) 4) The side effects could be found in 88.3% of patients. Among them, paresthesia was most predominant symptom. (Table Ⅴ) No severe side effect was observed in all cases. We could control them with decrease of dosage or without any mangement, 5) Some problems remain: a) The clinical type and the degree of response. b) The evaluation of the child epilepsy. c) EEG pattern and degree of response. d) The biochemical study on the mechanism of action. We should like to perform above problems at another chance.

금속산화물 반도체 In_2O_3 촉매에 의한 일산화탄소의 산화반응

이성한,허권,전종호,김규홍,최재시 연세대학교 자연과학연구소 1985 學術論文集 Vol.14 No.-

순수한 In_2O_3, 환원된 In_2O_3, 그리고 NiO를 도프시킨 In_2O_3를 촉매로하여 CO의 산화반응을 433-513K 온도영역에서 실시하였다. 새로 도입된 시료상에서 산화반응은 촉매활성이 다른 두 영역을 나타내었다. 초기반응 단계에서는 Roginsky-Zcldovich 속도식에 잘 일치하며 활성화 에너지는 37.2kJ mol^-1이고, 촉매활성이 일정하게 나타나는 두번째 반응단계에서는 전반응차수가 1차이며 활성화 에너지는 27.2kJ·mol^-1로서 CO_2에 의한 억제효과를 나타내었다. CO_2trap을 사용한 결과 전반응 차수는 1.5차로서 CO에 대해 1차, O_2에 대해 0.5차의 의존성을 보였다. 결정내의 산소결함농도가 반응속도를 증가시킬 수 있는 요인으로 밝혀졌으며 CO의 흡착자리는 격자산소(O^2-_0)이고 O_2의 흡착자리는 촉매의 처리과정과 제조과정에 의해 형성된 산소공위 (V^x_o)로서 밝혀졌다. 반응속도론적 데이타와 전기전도도 데이타를 결부시켜 산화반응 메카니즘을 제안하였으며 산소공위가 반응속도에 미치는 효과및 산소공위에 O_2가 흡착하는 과정이 속도결정단계임을 설명하였다. A kinetic study of CO oxidation on pure, reduced, and NiO-doped Indium Sesquioxide systems was carried out in the temperature range of 433-513 K. Catalytic oxidation showed two step regions. First initial step of fresh sample followed the Roginsky-Zeldovich kinetics with the apparent activation energy of 37.2 kJ.mol^-1. The second step which showed a constant activity was found to be the approximate first order kinetics with the apparent activation energy of 27.2 kJ.mol^-1 and then the inhibition by produced CO_2 was observed. By use of CO_2 trap, however, the oxidation kinetics was found to be the first order with respect to CO and the one-half order to O_2. The rate determining step was considered as the adsorption process of oxygen on the surface of catalyst. The site for CO adsorption was the lattice oxygen (O_o^2-) and the site for O_2 adsorption was the oxygen vacancy formed by vacuum activation, hydrogen reduction, and NiO doping. It was believed that the oxygen vacancy was responsible for the catalytic activity for CO oxidation.

알코올 사용 장애 환자의 스트레스와 대처 양식 및 부적응에 관한 연구

박민철,오상우,이귀행,노승호,백영석,이상열,김재현 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1999 圓光醫科學 Vol.15 No.2

Background: This study was explored the influences of perceived stress, coping style on maladaptation of patients with alcohol use disorders. Methods: To investigate these objects, 66 patients with alcohol use disorders were completed scales for the perceived stress, coping style, dysfunctional attitude, alcohol expectancy, self-efficacy, social support, state-trait anxiety, quantity of alcohol use, problems of alcohol use and BDI. The data were analyzed by t-test, correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: First, the results showed the significant difference between long term group and short term group on the problem-related alcohol use and trait anxiety. Second, the results showed the significant difference between severe problem related alcohol use group and mild problem related alcohol use group on cognitive coping, negative expectancy, quantity of alcohol use. Third, among each variables of patients with alcohol use disorders, quantity of alcohol use had significantly high correlation with quantity of alcohol by family, quantity of alcohol by friends, perceived stress, negative expectancy. Problems of alcohol use had significantly high correlation with negative expectancy, cognitive coping, percieved stress, social support and self efficacy. Finally, vulnerability-stress model predicted 26.1% of variances of quantity of alcohol use, 48.9% of variances of problems of alcohol use and 13.9% variances of depression. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated the superiority of vulnerability stress model to predict quantity of alcohol use, problems of alcohol use and depression.

카드뮴 첨가된 α형 산화철에 의한 일산화탄소의 촉매산화 반응연구

이성한,김용록,김돈,정원양,김규홍,최재시 연세대학교 자연과학연구소 1983 學術論文集 Vol.11 No.-

α형 산화철에 카드뮴을 4mol%, 8mol% 및 12mol%로 각각 첨가시켜 외성영역의 특성을 갖는 산화물들을 제조하였다. 이 산화물들을 촉매로한 일산화탄소의 산화반응 속도론적 연구를 통하여 본산화물의 결함구조, CO 산화반응에 대한 촉매성 및 불순물 첨가효과등을 조사하였다. 또한 450℃에서 O_2 및 CO를 여러압력으로 도입시켜 Cd-doped α-Fe_2O_3의 전기전도도를 측정하고 이를 반응속도론적 데이타와 결부시켜 본산화물상에서 CO 의 산화반응 메카니즘과 율속단계를 제안하였다. 반응온도범위 350~460℃에서 산출된 활성화에너지는 10.1~11.3kcal.mol^-1이었다. CO_2흡착에 의한 CO산화반응의 억제효과는 본실험의 반응온도 영역인 350~460℃에서는 나타나지 않았으며 CO 산화반응의 전반응속도 차수는 1.5차로서 일산화탄소에 대해서는 1차, 산소에 대해서는 0.5차임이 밝혀졌다. 반응속도론적 데이타와 전기전도도 데이타에 의해 본촉매의 활성은 카드뮴도프로 인해 생성된 산소공위(Vo"-2e^-)에 기인한 것이었다. 카드뮴의 첨가량이 증가할수록 반응속도는 증가하였으나 12mol% 이상의 카드뮴이 첨가된 산화철상에서는 반응속도가 크게 증가하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. CO와 O_2는 근본적으로 화학흡착하며 CO의 흡착자리는 격자산소(O^-2_(latt))와 기흡착원산소 (O^-_(ads)), 그리고 O_2의 흡착자리는 산소공위(Vo"-2e^-)로 밝혀졌다. The α-Ferric oxide containing 4, 8, and 12mol% with cadmium were prepared. The oxidation rates of carbon monoxide in the presence of these oxide systems were measured to investigate the defect structure, the catalytic activity for the oxidation of carbon monoxide, and the impurity effect. The conductivity was also measured at 450℃ under the various pressures of oxygen and carbon monoxide. From the agreement between the kinetic and conductivity data, the oxidation mechanism of carbon monoxide and the rate determining step on this oxide catalyst were suggested. In the temperature range from 350 to 460℃, the calculated activation energy for the CO oxidation over Cd-doped α-Fe_2O_3 systems were 10.1∼11.3kcal·mol^-1. The inhibition by an adsorbed CO_2 during the CO oxidation was not observed in the above temperature range. The overall reaction order for the CO oxidation is 1.5; the first order with respect to CO and the one-half order with respect to O_2. The catalytic activity of this oxide system is due to oxygen vacancies induced by Cd-doping. The oxidation rates increase with increasing the amount of dopant and above 12mol%, however, don't highly increased. CO and O_2 are essentially chemisorbed as ions and the adsorption sites for CO are the lattice oxygens (O^2-_(latt)) and prechemisorbed oxygens (O^-_(ads)), the adsorption site for O_2 is the oxygen vacancies (Vo¨-2e^-).

Interferon-γ-inducible chemokines as prognostic markers for lung cancer

( Keu Sung Lee ),( Kwang Joo Park ),( Ji Eun Park ),( Yun Jung Jung ),( Wou Young Chung ),( Joo Hun Park ),( Seung Soo Sheen ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Background: Interferon (IFN)-γ-inducible chemokines in the CXCR3/ligand axis are involved in cell-mediated immunity and play a significant role in the progression of cancer. Here we evaluate their clinical prognostic implications in patients with lung cancer. Methods: We enrolled patients with lung cancer (n = 144) and healthy volunteers as the controls (n = 140). Initial blood samples were collected and concentrations of IFN-γ and IFN-γ-inducible chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 were measured using ELISA. With regard to the various clinical parameters, intergroup comparisons were done using the measured marker levels, and the survival analysis was performed. Results: Of patients with lung cancer, 125 had non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 19 had small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) (95% CI) of CXCL9 was 0.83 (0.80 - 0.89) for differentiating lung cancer patients from controls. The levels of all the markers were not different among the pathologic cell types, and their levels were significantly higher in NSCLC patients with stage IV than in those with stages I - III. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that NSCLC patients with higher levels of all markers showed poorer survival than those with lower levels. From the Cox multivariate analysis of NSCLC patients, CXCL9 and CXCL11 were found to be independent prognosticators for overall survival, and CXCL9 was also an independent prognosticator for cancer-specific survival. Conclusion: Serum IFN-γ-inducible chemokines may be useful as clinical markers for NSCLC. High levels of these chemokines are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC, and CXCL9 levels showed the most significant results.

Free Paper Presentation : OS-54 ; Hazards of Smoking in Korean Population

( Keu Sung Lee ),( Seung Soo Sheen ),( Ji Ye Jung ),( Sang Haak Lee ),( Yu Il Kim ),( Jae Yeol Kim ),( Eun Mi Chun ),( Kwang Ha Yoo ),( Chul Min Ahn ),( Tae Hoon Jung ),( Joo Hun Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-

Background: Smoking is a major cause of many noncommunicable diseases and leads to the reduction of life span. However, there are few population based studies on how smoking is associated with our general health in Korea. Therefore, we performed this study to investigate hazards of smoking on our health and major diseases associated with smoking in Korean population. Methods: Data of 12,762 subjects aged 40 years or older were obtained from Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES) V from 2010 to 2012. Demographic data, laboratory findings, and major diseases were analyzed based on smoking status. Results: Blood pressure, leukocyte count, and serum glucose level were higher in smokers, however, serum cholesterol level and body mass index were higher in non-smokers (p<0.05). Smoking was associated with higher prevalence of COPD (23.6% vs 7.0%), diabetes mellitus (14.3% vs 10.5%), cerebral stroke (3.3% vs 2.2%), and coronary artery disease (4.7% vs. 3.5%), whereas depression (2.9% vs 6.1%) was more prevalent in non-smokers (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis after adjustment for age and sex showed that smoking was independently associated with COPD (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.93 -2.92) and diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.11 - 1.58), and no smoking (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.16 - 1.99) was with depression (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our analyses suggest smoking has harmful effects on health in various aspects. Especially, smoking was an independent risk factor for COPD and diabetes mellitus.

The Significance of Caspase-Cleaved Cytokeratin 18 in Pleural Effusion

( Keu Sung Lee ),( Joo Yang Chung ),( Yun Jung Jung ),( Wou Young Chung ),( Joo Hun Park ),( Seung Soo Sheen ),( Kyi Beom Lee ),( Kwang Joo Park ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.76 No.1

Background: Apoptosis plays a role in the development of pleural effusion. Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18, a marker for epithelial cell apoptosis, was evaluated in pleural effusion. Methods: A total of 79 patients with pleural effusion were enrolled. The underlying causes were lung cancer (n=24), parapneumonic effusion (n=15), tuberculous effusion (n=28), and transudates (n=12). The levels of M30, an epitope of caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18, were measured in blood and pleural fluids using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay along with routine cellular and biochemical parameters. The expression of M30 was evaluated in the pleural tissues using immunohistochemistry for M30. Results: The M30 levels in pleural fluid were significantly higher in patients with tuberculosis (2,632.1±1,467.3 U/mL) than in patients with lung cancer (956.5±618.5 U/mL), parapneumonic effusion (689.9±413.6 U/mL), and transudates (273.6±144.5 U/mL; all p<0.01). The serum levels were not significantly different among the disease groups. Based on receiver operating characteristics analysis, the area under the curve of M30 for differentiating tuberculous pleural effusion from all other effusions was 0.93. In the immunohistochemical analysis of M30, all pathologic types of cancer cells showed moderate to high expression, and the epithelioid cells in granulomas showed high expression in tuberculous pleural tissues. Conclusion: Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 was most prominently observed in tuberculous pleural effusion and showed utility as a clinical marker. The main source of M30 was found to be the epithelioid cells of granulomas in tuberculous pleural tissues.