Voices of home and school on democracy and human rights education at the primary level: a case study

Kerim Gundogdu 서울대학교 교육연구소 2010 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.11 No.4

The purpose of this research was to investigate the perceptions of home and school concerning ideally implemented primary democracy and human rights education. In this qualitative study, data were collected from six voluntary classroom teachers and 16 parents in a selected school through interviews. The results of the interview yielded five major themes: physical and environmental issues, instructional process, teacher characteristics, assessment practices, and communication patterns for teaching democracy and human rights ideally. Most of the participants also indicated the lack of partnership between home and school. The results showed that there are gaps between the existing and desired conditions of democracy and human rights education in schools.

Comparing Scalpel, Electrocautery and Ultrasonic Dissector Effects: The Impact on Wound Complications and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Wound Fluid from Mastectomy Patients

Kerim Bora Yilmaz,Lutfi Dogan,Handan Nalbant,Melih Akinci,Niyazi Karaman,Cihangir Ozaslan,Hakan Kulacoglu 한국유방암학회 2011 Journal of breast cancer Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: Introducing the relationship between the surgical instruments used in modified radical mastectomy and wound complications is important for preventing and decreasing complications. This prospective randomized trial was designed to assess the impact of scalpel, electrocautery, and ultrasonic dissector usage on wound complications and tissue damage. Methods: Eighty-two consecutive patients operated with mastectomy were studied. The postoperative time period needed for hemovac drainage, the amount and duration of seroma, infection, flap ecchymosis and necrosis rates were compared. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in drainage fluids were determined to confirm the inflammatory response and tissue damage. Results: The numbers of patients included in the scalpel, electrocautery and ultrasonic dissector groups were 27, 26, and 29, respectively. The groups were homogenous with respect to age, body mass index, stage, cormorbidities, breast volume and flap area. Operation time and the amount of bleeding were statistically higher in the scalpel group. The incidence of seroma was higher in the electrocautery group and arm mobilization had to be delayed in this group. There were no differences between groups with respect to hematoma, infection, ecchymosis, necrosis, hemo- vac drainage and the total and first 3 days of seroma volume. TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in samples obtained from the drains of patients operated with electrocautery. Conclusion: Ultrasonic dissector decreases operation time by decreasing the amount of bleeding without increasing the seroma incidence. High cytokine levels in drainage fluids from patients operated with elecrocautery indicates that electrocautery induces more tissue damage and acute inflammatory response. Therefore, seroma, due to acute inflammatory response, was seen more frequently in the electrocautery group. Ultrasonic dissector coagulates protein by breaking hydrogen bonds which may close vascular and lymphatic channels more precisely. But, its actual preventive effect on seroma formation might be related to diminished inflammatory response.

A comparison study on high-order bounded schemes:Flow of PTT-linear fluid in a lid-driven square cavity

Kerim Yapici 한국유변학회 2012 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.24 No.1

In this computational study, the convergence, stability and order of accuracy of several different numerical schemes are assessed and compared. All of the schemes considered were developed using a normalized variable diagram. Two test cases are considered: (1) two-dimensional steady incompressible laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in a square lid-driven cavity; and (2) creeping flow of a PTT-linear fluid in a lid-driven square cavity. The governing equations are discretized to varying degrees of refinement using uniform grids, and solved by using the finite volume technique. The momentum interpolation method (MIM) is employed to evaluate the face velocity. Coupled mass and momentum conservation equations are solved through an iterative SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equation) algorithm. Among the higher-order and bounded schemes considered in the present study, only the CLAM, COPLA, CUBISTA, NOTABLE, SMART and WACEB schemes provide a steady converged solution to the prescribed tolerance of 110-5 at all studied Weissenberg (We) numbers, using a very fine mesh structure. It is found that the CLAM, COPLA, CUBISTA, SMART and WACEB schemes provide about the same order of accuracy that is slightly higher than that of the NOTABLE scheme at low and high Weissenberg numbers. Moreover, flow structures formed in the cavity, i.e. primary vortex, are captured accurately up to We = 5 by all converged schemes.

Rheological characterization of polyethylene glycol based TiO2 nanofluids

Kerim Yapici,Nese K. Cakmak,Naciye Ilhan,Yusuf Uludag 한국유변학회 2014 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.26 No.4

Rheological characterization of TiO2 nanoparticle dispersions in polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) is presentedover 1-10 wt% particle mass fraction range in terms of shear viscosity, thixotropy and linear viscoelasticity. A stress controlled rheometer fitted by a cone-and-plate system was employed for the rheologicalmeasurements between –10oC and 40oC. The non-linear viscoelastic experiments revealed that TiO2-PEG200 nanofluid exhibits a shear thinning behavior when particle mass fraction exceeds 1%. No appreciablechange in the shear viscosity versus shear rate behavior was detected over the course of four days ofdispersion storage. At high particle concentrations the dispersions had a yield stress that was determined byfitting the results through Herschel-Bukley model. Within the studied range of particle concentration, noevidence of thixotropic behavior was observed. In addition, relative viscosity measured at high shear regionwas found to be independent of the temperature. On the other hand, strong temperature dependency wasobserved at low shear region particularly at high temperatures. Storage and loss moduli of the TiO2-PEG200 nanofluid were determined by frequency sweep measurements with applied stresses in the linearviscoelastic region. It was found that when the applied stress is lower than the corresponding yield stressTiO2-PEG 200 nanofluid showed a gel structure especially at high particle mass concentration.

Pomegranate Seed Extract Attenuates Chemotherapy-Induced Acute Nephrotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Kerim Çayır,Ali Karadeniz,Nejdet Şimşek,Serap Yıldırım,Emre Karakuş,Adem Kara,Hürrem Turan Akkoyun,Emin Şengül 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.10

Cisplatin (CDDP), one of the most active cytotoxic agents against cancer, has adverse side effects, such as nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The present study was designed to investigate the potential protective effect of pomegranate seed extract (PSE) against oxidative stress caused by CDDP injury of the kidneys and liver by measuring tissue biochemical and antioxidant variables and immunohistochemically testing caspase-3–positive cells. Twenty-four Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control; CDDP: injected intraperitoneally with CDDP (7 mg/kg body weight, single dose); PSE: treated for 15 consecutive days by gavage with PSE (300 mg/kg per day); and PSE+CDDP: treated by gavage with PSE 15 days after a single injection of CDDP. The degree of protection against CDDP injury afforded by PSE was evaluated by determining the levels of malondialdehyde as a measure of lipid peroxidation. The levels of glutathione and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase were estimated from liver and kidney homogenates; the liver and kidney were also histologically examined. PSE elicited a significant protective effect toward liver and kidney by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation; elevating the levels of glutathione S-transferase; and increasing the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase. These biochemical observations were supported by immunohistochemical findings and suggested that PSE significantly attenuated nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity by the way of its antioxidant, radical-scavenging, and antiapoptotic effects. This PSE extract could be used as a dietary supplement in patients receiving chemotherapy medications.

Computational analysis of hydrodynamics of shear-thinning viscoelastic fluids in a square lid-driven cavity flow

Kerim Yapici,Yusuf Uludag 한국유변학회 2013 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.25 No.4

Computational results for steady laminar flow of three different shear thinning fluids lid-driven square cavity are presented. The viscoelastic nature of the fluids is represented by linear and exponential Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT) and Giesekus constitutive models. Computations are based on finite volume technique incorporating non-uniform collocated grids. The stress terms in the constitutive equations are approximated by higher-order and bounded scheme of Convergent and Universally Bounded Interpolation Scheme for the Treatment of Advection (CUBISTA). Effects of the elasticity, inertia as well as constitutive model parameters on the stress and velocity fields, size and intensity of the primary and secondary vortexes are investigated and discussed in detail. Moreover highly accurate benchmark numerical solutions are provided for each considered constitutive model.

Novel SPD Method: Twisted Variable Channel Angular Extrusion

Kerim Özbeyaz,Hasan Kaya,Aykut Kentli 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.5

Different types of SPD techniques are applicable and have been studied by various researchers. All of them have severaladvantages and disadvantages. Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) is one of the most popular SPD techniques and isstill being developed. The aim of this paper is to improve the efficiency of ECAP process by putting forward a novel design(Twisted Variable Channel Angular Pressing (TV-CAP)) and also to achieve higher mechanical properties when comparedto conventional ECAP processes. For this purpose, a new TV-CAP die was designed by combining three different methods:ECAP, Twist Extrusion, and Direct Extrusion. The new design was able to integrate the advantages of each methodto the workpiece material. In this context, the design parameters of the TV-CAP die were first identified by finite elementanalysis (FEA) in Deform-3D. The TV-CAP die was produced according to the determined parameters and AA5083 alloywas pressed with this novel die. Hardness and tensile tests were carried out to compare mechanical properties. In addition,Optical Microscope, SEM, TEM images were taken, and XRD and EBSD analyses were carried out to examine the changesin grain structure. As a result of this experimental study, an increase of 197.3% was observed in the hardness value and anincrease of 144.7% was achieved in the tensile strength value by using the novel TV-CAP die. These results also agreed withthe effective strain values obtained from the FEA.

A comparison study on high-order bounded schemes: Flow of PTT-linear fluid in a lid-driven square cavity

Yapici, Kerim 한국유변학회 2012 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.24 No.1

In this computational study, the convergence, stability and order of accuracy of several different numerical schemes are assessed and compared. All of the schemes considered were developed using a normalized variable diagram. Two test cases are considered: (1) two-dimensional steady incompressible laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in a square lid-driven cavity; and (2) creeping flow of a PTT-linear fluid in a lid-driven square cavity. The governing equations are discretized to varying degrees of refinement using uniform grids, and solved by using the finite volume technique. The momentum interpolation method (MIM) is employed to evaluate the face velocity. Coupled mass and momentum conservation equations are solved through an iterative SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equation) algorithm. Among the higher-order and bounded schemes considered in the present study, only the CLAM, COPLA, CUBISTA, NOTABLE, SMART and WACEB schemes provide a steady converged solution to the prescribed tolerance of $1{ \times}10^{-5}$ at all studied Weissenberg ($We$) numbers, using a very fine mesh structure. It is found that the CLAM, COPLA, CUBISTA, SMART and WACEB schemes provide about the same order of accuracy that is slightly higher than that of the NOTABLE scheme at low and high Weissenberg numbers. Moreover, flow structures formed in the cavity, $i.e.$ primary vortex, are captured accurately up to $We$ = 5 by all converged schemes.

Development and Area Adaptation of Flow Charts Related to Gynecologic Oncology Nursing Practices

Beydag, Kerime Derya,Komurcu, Nuran Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Aim: This one group semi-experimental study was performed to develop and adapt flow charts of nursing practices applied to gynecologic oncology patients to the field. Methods: The research was conducted between October 2008 and March 2009 in 6 hospitals in Istanbul (3 health ministry hospitals, 2 private hospitals and 1 university hospital) with effective programs. The scope of the study included 97 midwives/nurses who had been working as caregivers of gynecologic oncology patients in this unit at least for 6 months and who participated in this study voluntarily; 87 people composed the sample because of the absence of others on vacation or sick leave when the data were collected or who did not wish to participate. The data were in descriptive information form collected via "Forms to Determine the Efficiency of Flow Charts". Before data collection, risks related to gynecologic oncology problems were identified, a literature scanning was made for existing flow charts based on actual practices and the discovered charts were reviewed. As a result of the evaluations, it was decided to create 15 flow charts intended for risks, symptoms, operation processes and discharge. Questionnaires to determine activity were applied to participants before and after practice. Results: As a result of the study, it was determined that the efficiency of the flow charts increased significantly (p <0.01) after practice of the participants, nosignificant relationships (p>0.01) being apparent with age group, education level, occupational period in the job and in the gynecologic oncology field and evaluations of the practice before and after it was applied. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that nursing participants in university and private hospitals and who supported the existence of a flow chart in the field evaluated the flow charts positively.

Factors Affecting the Death Anxiety Levels of Relatives of Cancer Patients Undergoing Treatment

Beydag, Kerime Derya Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

This descriptive study was performed to determine levels of the death anxiety levels of relatives of patients who being treated in a public hospital located in the Asian side of Istanbul and influencing factors. The sample was 106 patient relatives of patients from oncology or chemotherapy units of the hospital. Data were collected between May-June 2011 with the 15-item Death Anxiety Scale developed by Templer (1970) and adapted to Turkish by Senol (1989) and evaluated by number-percentage calculations, the Kruskal Wallis, Anova and t tests. Some 36.8% of the included group were aged 45 years and over, 57.5% were female and 65.1% were married. A statistically significant difference was found between the age groups, genders of the patient relatives, the period of cancer treatment regarding the death anxiety levels (p<0.05). The death anxiety levels of the patient relatives who were in the 17-39 age group, female and had a patient who was under treatment for less than 6 months were found to high as compared to others.