몇 가지 항균제가 시험관내에서 내독소와 TNF-α, IL-6 분비에 미치는 영향

최정현,문건웅,김명훈,이동건,박윤희,김상일,김태연,유진홍,김양리,신완식,강문원 대한화학요법학회 1997 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.15 No.2

To evaluate antibiotic-induced endotoxin release(AIER) and its correlation with some cytokines, we measured endotoxin level and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin6(IL-6) production in mononuclear cells in vitro after exposure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics belonging to different class with two extreme concentrations. The tested concetration of antibiotics were set up according to peak serum level. The low concetration of ceftazidirne and low concentration of imiperiem increased AIER, but high concentration of ceftazideme, high concentration of ciprofloxacin, high concentration of cefoperazone/sulbactam, high concentration of amikacin, and high concentration of meropenem reduced AIER.Interestingly, combined treatment of these antibiotics markedly reduced AIER, But the major cyotkines, TNF-α and IL-6 were not affect by type and concettration of antibiotics, combined treatment of antibiotics, and level of endotoxin released by antiboitics. In this study, we observed AIER was different according to type of antibiotics, concentration of antibiotics, and combination of antibiotics, But AIER had poor correlation with TNF-α and IL-6 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It suggests that cytokine release is not solely dependent to endotoxin, but more complex cascade is needed. More invesfigations, such as endotoxin induced cytokine mRNA expression, relationship with penicillin-binding proteins and endotoxin-neutralizing effect of antibiotic itself, must be performed.

IL-21-Expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Lethal B-Cell Lymphoma Through Efficient Delivery of IL-21, Which Redirects the Immune System to Target the Tumor

Kim, Nayoun,Nam, Young-Sun,Im, Keon-Il,Lim, Jung-Yeon,Lee, Eun-Sol,Jeon, Young-Woo,Cho, Seok-Goo Mary Ann Liebert 2015 STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT Vol.24 No.23

The Free Radical Scavenger NecroX-7 Attenuates Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease via Reciprocal Regulation of Th1/Regulatory T Cells and Inhibition of HMGB1 Release

Im, Keon-Il,Kim, Nayoun,Lim, Jung-Yeon,Nam, Young-Sun,Lee, Eun-Sol,Kim, Eun-Jung,Kim, Hyoung Jin,Kim, Soon Ha,Cho, Seok-Goo The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2015 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.194 No.11

<P>Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication associated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Despite the prominent role of the adaptive immune system, the importance of controlling the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of GVHD has recently been rediscovered. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a crucial damage-associated molecular pattern signal that functions as a potent innate immune mediator in GVHD. In the present study, we investigated treatment of experimental GVHD through HMGB1 blockade using the compound cyclopentylamino carboxymethylthiazolylindole (NecroX)-7. Treated animals significantly attenuated GVHD-related mortality and inhibited severe tissue damage. These protective effects correlated with the decrease in HMGB1 expression and lower levels of reactive oxidative stress. Additionally, NecroX-7 inhibited the HMGB1-induced release of TNF and IL-6, as well as the expression of TLR-4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products. We also observed increased regulatory T cell numbers, which may be associated with regulation of differentiation signals independent of HMGB1. Taken together, these data indicate that NecroX-7 protects mice against lethal GVHD by reciprocal regulation of regulatory T/Th1 cells, attenuating systemic HMGB1 accumulation and inhibiting HMGB1-mediated inflammatory response. Our results indicate the possibility of a new use for a clinical drug that is effective for the treatment of GVHD.</P>

수종의 암세포주와 섬유모세포주에서 taxol과 전리방사선이 세포독성과 prostaglandin생성에 미치는 영향

이건일,유동수 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1998 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.28 No.1

The author evaluated the effects of taxol, a microtubular inhibitor, as a possible radiation sensitizer and the production of prostaglandins on three human cancer cell lines(KB, RPMI-2650 and SW-13)and one murine cell line(L929). Each cell line was divided into four groups(control, taxol only. radiation only and combination of taxol and radiation). The treatment consisted of a single irradiation of 10 Gy and graded doses(5, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500 nM) of taxol for a 24-h period. The cytotoxicity of taxol alone was measured at 1 day after(1-day group) and 4 days after (4-day group) the treatment. The survival ratio of cell was analyzed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dimethyl tetrazolium bromide) test, Prostaglandins(PGE2 and PGI2) were measured in the culture medium by a radioimmunoassay. The results obtained were as follows. 1. There was a significantly increased cytotoxicity of KB cells in 4-day group than those in 1-day group. There was a high correlation between doses of taxol and cell viability in both groups(1-day group R=0.82741, 4-day group R=0.84655). 2. There was a significantly increased cytotoxicity of RPMI-2650 cells treated with high concentration of taxol in 4-day group than those in 1-day group. Also there was a high correlation between doses of taxol and cell viability in 4-day group(R=0.93917). 3. There was a significantly increased cytotoxicity of SW-13 cells treated with high concentration of taxol in 4-day group than those in 1-day group. However no high correlation was observed between doses of taxol and cell viability in both groups(1-day group R=0.46362, 4-day group R=0.65425). 4. There was a significantly increased cytotoxicity of L929 cells treated with low concentration of taxol in 4-day group than those in 1-day group. At the same time, there was a low correlation between doses of taxol and cell viability in both groups(1-day group R=0.34237, 4-day group R=0.23381). 5. In 1-day group of L929 cells higher cytotoxicities were observed in the groups treated with 500 nM taxol than given 10 Gy radiation alone. L929 cells in 1-day group alone showed a radiosensitizing effect by taxol. 6. In addition to L929 cells, all cancer cells treated with a combination of taxol and radiation in 4-day group appeared to have some fragmented nuclei and to float on the medium. In addition, L929 cells appeared to be more confluent. 7. The level of PGE₂ production was the highest in the contol KB cells. This appeared to increase in every experimental group0 of all three cancer cells except L929 cells. There was a significantly increased production of PGE₂ in SW-13 cells treated with a combination taxol and radiation compared to the other experimental groups. 8. The level of PGI₂ production in the contol group of RPMI-2650 cells was the highest. This appeared to increase in every experimental group of all cells except in SW-13 cells. This also increased significantly in RPMI-2650 cells treated with a combination of taxol and radiation compared to the other experimental groups.

정책종결의 형태분석과 장애요인 : 방위세법을 중심으로 with emphasis on the defence tax law

배일섭,송건섭 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1998 社會科學硏究 Vol.4 No.3

정책종결에 대한 연구는 정책평가, 정책결정 등 다른 연구분야에 비해 그동안 상대적으로 소외되었다. 그러나 이에 대한 연구 토한 성공적인 정책수행을 위해 매우 중요한 역할을 하기 때문에 체계적인 이론정립은 물론이고, 불필요한 정책을 종결하기 위해서도 매우 중요하다. 93년 등장한 새로운 정부는 '국민의 정부' 즉 표방하고 '작지만 강한 정부'를 추구하면서 새로운 개혁의지를 내세우고 있다. 그러나 정부기구를 축소하고 인력을 감소하는 등의 새로운 정책은 큰 저항과 딜렘마를 수반하게 된다. 본 연구는 이러한 저항과 장애요인을 제거하기 위해 추진전략을 제공한다. 본 연구에 구체적으로 사용된 사례는 1990년에 종결된 방위세법이다. 이 법률을 종결하기 위한 의회의 역할, 종결형태, 장애요인 등을 분석하고 성공적인 정책종결을 위한 새로운 전략을 제시하였다. 분석결과 방위세법 종결과정에 드러난 의회의 역할은 미미하였으나, 그들은 제도에 보장된 권한을 활용하여 정책종결을 완료하는데 결정적인 역할을 하였다. 방위세법 종결에 대한 장애요인은 법적인 요인이 가장 컸으며, 다음으로 정치적 요인, 이데올르기 신념요인, 경제적 인 요인 등의 순이었다. 이러한 장애요인을 제거하긴 종결을 촉진시키기 위한 방안으로는 의회의 지지획득, 정치적 타협 배제, 이데올르기 변화유도, 단기비용증가의 인정 등이다. 이들 중에서 중요한 것은 정책종결자의 낙관적인 미래관, 변동을 유도하는 개혁관, 변화관 등이다.

국내 정신의학 연구에 사용된 심리검사도구에 대한 검토(Ⅰ)

장환일,반건호,김교헌,염태호 大韓神經精神醫學會 1989 신경정신의학 Vol.28 No.4

The purpose of this article is to delineate the trends of the use of the psychological test instruments in psychiatric research. The subjects for the study were 125 scientific articles published in "Neuropsychiatry"(Journal of the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association) from 1985 through 1987. The results were as follows; 1) Psychological test instruments were used in 125 articles among 205 articles which were published in the journal "Neuropsychiatry" for 3 years. The number of psychological test instruments used in 125 articles was 214 ; only one instrument was used in 75 articles and more than 2 instruments in 50 articles. 2) All psychological tests instruments were classified into projective technique, self-report inventory, observation method, intelligence test and unknown. The most commonly used type was the self-report inventory(57.0%). 3) 27.1% of the psychological test instruments were made by the authors themselves;48.1%, already-existing ; 24.8% unclassified. 4) The most common purpose of using thd psychological test, was for the psychodiagnostic tool. Through this study the following problems or questions were raised. 1) Defects in methodology of assessment in psychiatric research(especially when using psychological test instruments) 2) Absent or insufficient explanation about the reason why the psychological test instruments were selected and used in the article 3) Uncertainty in validity and reliability, especially in cases of the psychological test instruments of the author's self-made 4) Insufficient coping method to overcome the weakpoint of the self-report type 5) Various problems resulted from the absence of the clinical psychological in the process of psychiatric research using the psychological test 6) Does the content of the article not depend upon the peculiar psychological test so much? 7) It might be necessary to establish the criteria for classification of psychological test instruments 8) Further study would be necessary to assess the appropriateness and quality of the psychological test instruments used in psychiatric research.

계수공제영상의 비선형 대조도 증강효과에 관한 연구

이건일,진연화 大韓口腔顎顔面放射線學會 1997 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.27 No.2

This study was performed to demonstrate the effect of linear or nonlinear contrast enhancement on subtraction images. Three different textures were radiograped on dental film. The first radiograph was taken without the presence of and object. the second, which showed trabucular bone, was taken of the molar area of a human. the third radiograph was taken of the coronal part of molars. Each film was digitized into a 1312 x 1024 pixel x 8 bit depth matrix by means of a Nikon 35 mm film scanner(LS-3510AF, Japan) with fixed gain and internal dark current correction to maintain constant illumination. The scanner was interfaced to a Macintosh LC Ⅲ computer(Apple Computer, Charlotte, N.C.). This resulted in three pairs of images, including different textures-plain, bone and enamel. Digital regular, linearly and nonlinearly enhanced subtraction was performed. Computer software was used to simulate lesions in the shape of a 2D-Gaussian curve on each of a pair of images. The each subtraction images were presented in a random sequence to two groups of 10 observers(students and dentists). ROC analysis was used to compare observer performance. The following results were obtained; 1. All of LCE subtraction, equalized subtraction and regular subtraction images of plain texture were diagnosed the best by far. 2. The data revealed a significant LCE effect in both the student group and the expert group. 3. Clinical expertise was a helphul factor for the observers in this study.

HLA-DR2 陽性 反應을 보인 嗜眠病 1례

반건호,이기철,장환일 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.5

The authors experienced a 28 year old male narcoleptic patient who revealed narcoleptic tetrad ; sleep attack, cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucination lasted for about 3 years. The patient has a history of poliomyelitis in early childhood and has sustained head trauma just before the onset of narcolepsy. And also HLA-DR2, DQwl, and DR4 positive reaction was confirmed with the method of microcytotoxicity using Terasaki HLA-ABC and HLA-DR tissure typing trays. Sleep attack was somewhat controlled with methylphenidate and cataplexy with imipramine, and other symptoms were also improved followed by the improvement of sleep attack and cataplexy. With this case report, aspect of biologic etiologies of narcolepsy were reviewed.

치과용 아크릴릭 레진의 방사선 불투과도에 관한 연구 : 황산바륨과 요오드 화합물 첨가

이건일,이용근,정성우 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1996 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.26 No.2

Aspirating or swallowing foreign bodies is a common occurrence. If they are wholly or partly radiopaque, their localization in and progress through the gastrointestinal tract can be more effective. Of the dental origin foreign materials swallowed, the most common things are fragments of anterior maxillary partial denture. But the radiopacity of denture base resins is not sufficient to determine the location of the objects. The purpose of this study was to develop a radiopaque dental acrylic resin, which has clinically detectible radiopacity with minimal change of mechanical properties and color. The radiopacity, color change(CIE △E)and microhardness of acrylic resins were determined after mixing barium sulfate of iodide compound. Thermocycling course was conducted to determine the change of characteristic of resins after using for a long time in the mouth. Five or ten percent of barium sulfate to total weight of cured material was mixed with heat curing dental acrylic resin or chemically curing orthodontic resin. In the case of iodide compound, the mixing ratio was two or three percent. After mixing the high radiopaque materials. resin was cured to 20×20×2 mm plate, polished with #600 sand paper and finally polished with Microcloth(Buehler). The specimens were thermocycled in 5 and 55 ℃ distilled water for 2,000 times, and the measurement of radiopacity, color and Vickers hardness was repeated every 500 times thermocycling. The radiopacity of specimens on the X-ray films was measured with densitometer(X-rite). The color change was determined with differential colorimeter (Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku), and the Vickers hardness number was measured with microhardness tester(Mitsuzawa). The following results were obtained: 1. All the three variables, the kinds of acrylic resins, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, had combined effect on the radiopacity of the dental acrylic resins(p<0.01). 2. The two variables, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, influenced on the radiopacity of the dental acrylic resins(P<0.01). But the kinds of acrylic resins did not influence on the color change of mixed dental acrylic resins(p>0.05). 3. Each of the three variables, the kinds of acrylic resins, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, influenced on the radiopacity of dental acrylic resins (P<0.01). 4. The high radiopaque materials used in this study did not yield clinically usable radiopacity, and the color change was great after mixing those materials.

치근단낭과 육아종의 디지털방사선학적 비교연구

이건일,진연화 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1999 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.29 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a radiometric analysis of radicular cysts and periapical granulomas is useful in the differential diagnosis. In this experiment, twenty-nine periapical radiographs of the radicular cyst and those periapical granuloma were used. The periapical radiography was taken by intraoral paralleling device. The X-ray film was digitized and digitally filtered to reduce film-grain noise. We estimated density difference of the inner/outer area, roundness or circularity, bone profile or scan line of the margin and cumulative percentage frequency curve of radicular cyst & periapical granuloma. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The differences in density between ROIs of inner and outer area of radicular cysts were smaller than those of periapical granulomas. 2. The equivalent circular diameter was over 6.3mm, there was significant difference between periapical cyst and periapical granuloma. 3. In differential diagnosis of radicular cyst and periapical granuloma using bone profile, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were considerable high(0.83, 0.86, 0.86) respectively. 4. Cumulative percentage frequency curve of the radicular cyst was closer to the pseudo-pixel value of 50 than average curve, whereas periapical granuloma was closer to that of 0. Hence we conclude that digital radiometric features might be useful in the differential diagnosis between radicular cyst and periapical granuloma.(J Korean Oral Maxillofac Radiol 1999:29:239-252)