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Fiscal sustainability and the State Oil Fund in Azerbaijan
Kenan Aslanli 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2015 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.6 No.2
Azerbaijan, like many resource-rich countries, decided to set up a sovereign wealth fund in order to avoid income volatility, to achieve intergenerational equity and to transform resource wealth into more productive assets. Azerbaijan established the State Oil Fund of the Azerbaijan Republic (SOFAZ) in late 1999 to accumulate income from hydrocarbon exports. SOFAZ has gradually become the leading part of the country's public finance system. Azerbaijan was the first country to fulfill all requirements of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), an international agreement to implement global standards of transparency in the resource extracting sectors. However, SOFAZ's contribution to an effective resource revenue management and long-run economic development is still questionable: transparency applies only to the income side of Azerbaijan's oil fund while the expenditure side remains opaque. Unlimited and unconditional transfers from SOFAZ to the state budget have threatened fiscal sustainability and the overall macroeconomic equilibrium.
Kenan Izgi,Mehmet Fatih Sonmez,Halit Canatan,Banu Iskender 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2017 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.14 No.2
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous group of multipotent stem cells that could be found in various somatic tissues. MSCs are defined by molecular and functional features including spindle-shape morphology, adherence to plastic surfaces, expression of specific surface markers and differentiation potential to chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteocytes. The surface markers were proposed to affect the differentiation potential of MSCs by a limited number of studies. Endoglin (CD105) is defined to be a significant marker for osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation ability of MSCs. Low CD105 expression is associated with increased osteogenic potential while high CD105 expression is correlated with strong chondrogenic potential. Myrtucommulone-A (MC-A) is an active compound with various biological effects on different cell types but its effect on MSC differentiation has not been described yet. In the present study we aimed at investigating the longterm effects of MC-A on hMSCs. MC-A-treatment reduced CD105 expression in distinct human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) lines and gave rise to CD105low population but did not change CD44, CD90 or CD73 expression. The decrease in CD105 expression reduced the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs subsequently while adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation was not affected dramatically. MC-A-treatment also suppressed the NF-jB p65 activation which might be responsible for the reduced chondrogenic potential. Our findings suggest thatMC-Acould be used to enrichCD105lowhMSCs without the need for cell sorting or changing culture conditions which could be utilised in targeted differentiation studies.
Kenan Yalta,Tulin Yalta,Ertan Yetkin,Cihan Ozturk 대한심장학회 2021 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.51 No.10
In patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), evolution of coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) generally emerges within the first few weeks after disease onset. However, CAA formation in these patients might occasionally arise as a late-onset phenomenon after a long latent period. Characteristically, late CAAs manifest as new-onset vascular pathologies or expansion of long-stable CAAs on coronary imaging modalities, and might have diverse mechanistic and clinical implications. Accordingly, the present paper aims to focus on late CAA formation and its implications in the setting of KD.
( Kenan Mu ),( Fei Hui ),( Xiangmo Zhao ) 한국정보처리학회 2016 Journal of information processing systems Vol.12 No.2
This paper presents a complete method for vehicle detection and tracking in a fixed setting based on computer vision. Vehicle detection is performed based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) feature matching. With SIFT feature detection and matching, the geometrical relations between the two images is estimated. Then, the previous image is aligned with the current image so that moving vehicles can be detected by analyzing the difference image of the two aligned images. Vehicle tracking is also performed based on SIFT feature matching. For the decreasing of time consumption and maintaining higher tracking accuracy, the detected candidate vehicle in the current image is matched with the vehicle sample in the tracking sample set, which contains all of the detected vehicles in previous images. Most remarkably, the management of vehicle entries and exits is realized based on SIFT feature matching with an efficient update mechanism of the tracking sample set. This entire method is proposed for highway traffic environment where there are no nonautomotive vehicles or pedestrians, as these would interfere with the results.
Kenan Cetin,Hasan Ediz Sikar,Aytac Emre Kocao?lu,Muhammet Fikri Kunde?,Mehmet Karahan,Levent Kaptano?lu 대한외과학회 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.94 No.2
Purpose: We aimed to compare skin closure techniques, standard (intermittent mattress) and continuous subcuticular sutures, following Limberg flap procedure. Methods: From July 2013 to July 2015, 92 patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease were prospectively randomized into 2 groups consisting of 46 patients for both. Patients underwent sinus excision and closure with Limberg flap; continuous subcuticular suture was used in subcuticular group (SG) and intermittent mattress sutures were used in mattress group (MG) for skin closure. Characteristics of patients, features of pilonidal disease, macerations, infections, wound dehiscence, flap necrosis, operation time, time of drain removal, wound complications, early recurrences, and time till return to work were compared between the 2 groups. Results: There was no statistical difference between groups per sex, age, body mass index, smoking, number of sinuses, depth of intergluteal sulcus, distance of incision to anus, volume of extracted tissue, number of hair follicles per ㎠, recurrence, operation, and mean follow-up time. Two patients showed signs of wound complications (4.4%) in SG, whereas 8 cases (17.4%) showed signs in MG (P < 0.05). One patient in SG had surgical site infection and required antibiotics (2.2%), whereas there were 6 cases treated in MG (13.0%) (P < 0.05). Removal of drain tube, and time till return to work rates are lower for SG than MG (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, surgical procedures which include Limberg flap method and subcuticular closure may reduce infection and maceration rates. Future studies are needed to achieve greater detailed evaluation.
Kenan Ahıska,M. Kemal Ozgoren,M. Kemal Leblebicio?lu 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
In this study, a mathematical model is constructed for an electric vehicle. An energy optimal controller is designed for the gross motion model of the vehicle moving on a positive constant slope road with some icy parts. The energy optimal controller takes torque, speed and battery constraints into account. The loss of control during skidding period is compensated with an additional control command based on heuristics. The compensation is based on an enrichment of applied control input throughout the sections before and after skidding in balance within the controller constraints. The energy consumption of the optimal controller is compared with a standard cruise controller throughout several scenarios. These scenarios include constant slope roads with fixed amount of continuous icy part. The scenarios are carefully chosen that both controllers can accomplish to reach the end. It has been shown that energy optimal controller satisfies at least ten percent energy efficiency with respect to cruise controller under the tested scenarios.
Friction and Wear Properties of Cu and Fe-based P/M Bearing Materials
Kenan TUFEKCI,Cahit KURBANO?LU,Ertu?rul DURAK,R. Fatih TUNAY 대한기계학회 2006 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.20 No.4
The performances of porous bearings under different operating conditions were experimentally investigated in this study. Material groups studied are 90%Cu+10%Sn bronze and 1%C+% balance Fe iron-based self-lubricating P/M bearings at constant (85%) density. In the experiments, the variation of the coefficient of friction and wear ratio of those two different group materials for different sliding speeds, loads, and temperatures were investigated. As a result, the variation of the friction coefficient - temperature for both constant load, and constant sliding speed, friction coefficient - average bearing pressure, PV - wear loss and temperature-wear loss curves were plotted and compared with each other for two materials, separately. The test results showed that Cu-based bearings have better friction and wear properties than Fe-based bearings.