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      • Oxygen Permeability, Electronic and ionic Conductivities and Defect Chemistry of Ceria-Zirconia-Calcia

        Kawamura, Ken-ichi,Watanabe, Kensuke,Nigara, Yutaka,Kaimai, Atsushi,Kawada, Tatsuya,Mizusaki, Junichiro The Korean Ceramic Society 1998 The Korean journal of ceramics Vol.4 No.2

        The total conductivity and oxygen permeation in (Ce1-xZrxO2)0.9(CaO)0.1 solid solutions were measure das a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. Empirically, σ at given x and T was expressed essentially by σ=σo2+σeo Po2-1/4, where σo2 and σeo are constant. Applying a standard defect model in which major defects are Cace", Cece' and Vo in ideal solution, we can assign σo2 as the oxide ion conductivity decreases while the electronic conductivity increases with the increase in Zr content. Using the oxide ion and electronic conductivities thus determined, the oxygen permeation flux was calculated for respective Po2 and T conditions at which the measurements were made. The calculated values were found to agree with the observed ones.

      • Seasonal variations of Microcystis species and toxic heptapeptide microcystins in Lake Suwa

        Ho-Dong Park,Mariyo F. Watanabe,Ken-Ichi Harada,Hidetake Hayashi,Tokio Okino 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1992 環境硏究 Vol.9 No.-

        Seasonal changes in species composition of Microcystis and amounts of heptapeptide toxin, microcystins were investigated in Lake Suwa from June to October in 1991. Microcystins-RR and -LR were the main components of the toxins contained in bloom samples of Microcystis in Lake Suwa and YR was not detected at all period and of very little quantity. the high values of microcystins were estimated during the exponential growth phase of the bloom, June to 20 July. The highest amount of microcystins-RR and -LR were 121 and 81.6 u g per 100mg cells estimated on 20 July 1991, respectively. The high amounts of toxins were estimated while M. aeruginosa predominated. Meanwhile the lower amounts estimated during the period M. viridis predominated. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentration may well affect the dominance of M. aeruginosa and M. viridis. Accordingly, the toxins of microcystis may be associated with the DIN concentration.

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        Drug compound characterization by mass spectrometry imaging in cancer tissue

        권호정,Johan Malm,김용효,Yutaka Sugihara,Bo Baldetorp,Charlotte Welinder,Ken-ichi Watanabe,Toshihide Nishimura,Gyo¨rgy Marko-Varga,Szilvia To¨ro¨k,Bala´zs Do¨me,´ kos Ve´gva´ri,Lena Gustavsson,Thomas E. Feh 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.9

        MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI)provides a technology platform that allows the accuratevisualization of unlabeled small molecules within the twodimensionalspaces of tissue samples. MSI has proven to bea powerful tool-box concept in the development of newdrugs. MSI allows unlabeled drug compounds and drugmetabolites to be detected and identified and quantifiedaccording to their mass-to-charge ratios (m/z) at high resolutionin complex tissue environments. Such drug characterizationin situ, by both spatial and temporal behaviorswithin tissue compartments, provide new understandings ofthe dynamic processes impacting drug uptake and metabolismat the local sites targeted by therapy. Further, MSIin combination with histology and immunohistochemistry,provides the added value of defining the context of cellbiology present at the sites of drug localization thus providinginvaluable information relating to treatment efficacy. In this report we provide mass spectrometry imagingdata within various cancers such as malignant melanoma inpatients administered with vemurafenib, a protein kinaseinhibitor that is targeting BRAF mutated proteins and thathas shown significant efficacy in restraining disease progression. We also provide an overview of other examplesof the new generation of targeted drugs, and demonstratethe data on personalized medicine drugs localization withintumor compartments within in vivo models. In these cancermodels we provide detailed data on drug and target proteinco-localization of YCG185 and sunitinib. These drugs aretargeting VEGFR2 within the angiogenesis mechanism. Our ability to resolve drug uptake at targeted sites ofdirected therapy provides important opportunities forincreasing our understanding about the mode of action ofdrug activity within the environment of disease.

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