Research on the Application of Financial Arbitration Rules and Hot Topics in China

KE-YU LONG(용기우),Zi-CHEN WANG(왕자침) 동아대학교 법학연구소 2023 國際去來와 法 Vol.- No.42

In China, financial arbitration is an integral part of the diversified mechanism for resolving financial disputes and serves as a valuable supplement to judicial litigation ain financial cases. With its comparative advantages in professionalism, efficiency, confidentiality, finality, and enforcement, financial arbitration has gained increasing popularity among parties involved in financial disputes, becoming an important system for their rights relief and leading to a continuous rise in the number and subject matter value of financial arbitration cases. However, there are certain differences in the financial arbitration rules formulated by arbitration commissions across different regions of China, particularly in terms of the application mode of arbitration rules, relevant time limits for arbitration procedures, and the appointment of arbitrators. Consequently, there is an urgent need for comprehensive national legislation specifically addressing financial arbitration. Regarding the focal points of disputes in financial arbitration cases, they mainly revolve around the determination of the manager’s fulfillment of the suitability obligations, the assumption of post-investment management obligations by managers, and the determination of the statutory responsibilities of asset custodians. In the post-pandemic era, the adjudicative approach of Chinese financial arbitration has been consistently evolving in line with the principles of good faith, freedom of contract, and fairness and justice. Additionally, there is a noticeable trend towards digital transformation in financial arbitration, and the synergistic mechanism among arbitration, litigation, and mediation has been greatly optimized.

Expression profile of histone deacetylases 1, 2 and 3 in ovarian cancer tissues

Ke Long Jin,박정열,박장호,최원호,이주영,김종혁,남주현 대한부인종양학회 2008 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.19 No.3

Objective: To investigate the expression levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1, 2, and 3 in ovarian cancer tissues and normal ovarian tissues. Methods: Randomly assigned each of six patients with serous, mucinous and endometrioid ovarian cancer were included. Another six patients with normal ovarian tissue were included for comparison. RT-PCR was performed to quantify the levels of HDACs1-3 mRNA in the cancer and normal tissues. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression levels of HDACs1-3 protein. The HDACs1-3 expression pattern was also topologically examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Increased mRNA expressions of HDCA1, HDAC 2 and HDAC 3 were detected in 83%, 67% and 83% of 18 cancer tissue samples, compared to normal tissue samples. The relative densities of HDAC1 mRNA and HDAC3 mRNA in the serous, mucinous and endometrioid cancer tissues, and HDAC2 mRNA in serous cancer tissues were significantly higher than those of the normal tissues, respectively (p<0.05). Overexpression of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 proteins were detected in 94%, 72% and 83% of 18 cancer samples, respectively. The relative densities of HDAC1 protein and HDAC3 protein in serous, mucinous and endometrioid cancer, and HDAC2 protein in serous and mucinous cancer tissues were significantly higher than those of normal tissues, respectively (p<0.05). Most cancer tissues expressed moderate to strong staining of HDACs1, 2 and 3 in immunohistochemistry. Staining of HDAC2 was weak in only one endometrioid cancer tissue. Conclusion: HDACs1-3 are over expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and probably play a significant role in ovarian carcinogenesis. Objective: To investigate the expression levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1, 2, and 3 in ovarian cancer tissues and normal ovarian tissues. Methods: Randomly assigned each of six patients with serous, mucinous and endometrioid ovarian cancer were included. Another six patients with normal ovarian tissue were included for comparison. RT-PCR was performed to quantify the levels of HDACs1-3 mRNA in the cancer and normal tissues. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression levels of HDACs1-3 protein. The HDACs1-3 expression pattern was also topologically examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Increased mRNA expressions of HDCA1, HDAC 2 and HDAC 3 were detected in 83%, 67% and 83% of 18 cancer tissue samples, compared to normal tissue samples. The relative densities of HDAC1 mRNA and HDAC3 mRNA in the serous, mucinous and endometrioid cancer tissues, and HDAC2 mRNA in serous cancer tissues were significantly higher than those of the normal tissues, respectively (p<0.05). Overexpression of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 proteins were detected in 94%, 72% and 83% of 18 cancer samples, respectively. The relative densities of HDAC1 protein and HDAC3 protein in serous, mucinous and endometrioid cancer, and HDAC2 protein in serous and mucinous cancer tissues were significantly higher than those of normal tissues, respectively (p<0.05). Most cancer tissues expressed moderate to strong staining of HDACs1, 2 and 3 in immunohistochemistry. Staining of HDAC2 was weak in only one endometrioid cancer tissue. Conclusion: HDACs1-3 are over expressed in ovarian cancer tissues and probably play a significant role in ovarian carcinogenesis.

The effect of combined treatment with cisplatin and histone deacetylase inhibitors on HeLa cells

Ke Long Jin,박정열,노은주,허광래,이주학,김종혁,남주현 대한부인종양학회 2010 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.21 No.4

Objective: To investigate the combined effects of cisplatin and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) or sirtinol on HeLa cells and assess the mechanism underlying HDAC inhibitor-cisplatin synergy. Methods: The antineoplastic actions of cisplatin, SAHA and sirtinol, alone and in combination, were evaluated using the tetrazolium dye-based MTT cell proliferation assay, DAPI nuclear staining and cytotoxicity analysis. Results: Exposure to cisplatin, SAHA or sirtinol alone induced a dose-dependent reduction in HeLa cell viability. Combined treatment with cisplatin and SAHA or sirtinol was significantly more cytotoxic than cisplatin alone. Individually, cisplatin, SAHA and sirtinol activated caspase-3 and induced apoptosis, but the effects of combined treatment were greater. Importantly, both HDAC inhibitors dose-dependently inhibited the expression of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and x-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP). Conclusion: The combination of cisplatin and SAHA or sirtinol had synergistic effect on the HeLa cell viability. This potentiation of cisplatin activity was associated with HDAC inhibitor-mediated down-regulation of Bcl-2 and XIAP. These may result from the relaxation of chromatin by these HDAC inhibitors that increase cisplatin sensitivity by enhancing the accessibility of DNA to cisplatin and transcriptional regulators.

A new species of gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) damaging flower buds of goji berry Lycium barbarum (Solanaceae)

Ke-Long Jiao,Xiao-Yi Zhou,Hai-Li Qiao,Hao Wang,Jun Chen,Bai-Ming Liu,Wen-Jun Bu,Peter Kolesik 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.4

Larvae of a previously undescribed gall midge species have been feeding within malformed flower buds of goji berry Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae) in China, preventing fruit development and causing damage to the fruit industry. The new species is named Gephyraulus lycantha Jiao & Kolesik, its morphology is described, the COI mitochondrial gene segment is sequenced, and the biology is outlined. In order to taxonomically accommodate the new gall midge, the scope of the genus Gephyraulus is broadened and now encompasses also species that lack dorso-apical sensoria on the female cercus.

Calculation of Vibrational Relaxation Times in Multi-component Excitable Gases

Ke-Sheng Zhang,Weihua Ou,Xueqin Jiang,Fei Long,Mingzhe Hu 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.7

In the research field of acoustic propagation in excitable gases, one of the most critical parametersis the vibrational relaxation time, which determines the frequency of the acoustic dispersion stepor the absorption maximum. In this paper, the vibrational relaxation equations given by Tanczos[J. Chem. Phys. 25, 439 (1956)] have been applied to calculate the vibrational multi-relaxationtimes in multi-component gases. The eigenvalues of the energy-transition-rate matrix are provento be the reciprocals of the multi-relaxation times. Comparisons demonstrate that our relaxationfrequencies calculated for various gas compositions, including carbon dioxide, methane, chlorine,nitrogen, and oxygen, agree with the experimental data.

Energy Management of a Grid-connected High Power Energy Recovery Battery Testing System

Ke Zhang,Bo Long,Cheol-Jung Yoo,Hye-Min Noh,Young-Won Chang 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.4

Energy recovery battery testing systems (ERBTS) have been widely used in battery manufactures. All the ERBTS are connected in parallel which forms a special and complicated microgrid system, which has the shortcomings of low energy recovery efficiency, complex grid-connected control algorithms issues for islanded detection, and complicated power circuit topology issues. To solve those shortcomings, a DC micro-grid system is proposed, the released testing energy has the priority to be reutilized between various testing system within the local grid, Compared to conventional scheme, the proposed system has the merits of a simplified power circuit topology, no needs for synchronous control, and much higher testing efficiency. The testing energy can be cycleused inside the local micro-grid. The additional energy can be recovered to AC-grid. Numerous experimental comparison results between conventional and proposed scheme are provided to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Current Evidence on Associations Between the MMP-7 (-181A>G) Polymorphism and Digestive System Cancer Risk

Ke, Pan,Wu, Zhong-De,Wen, Hua-Song,Ying, Miao-Xiong,Long, Huo-Cheng,Qing, Liu-Guo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade various components of the extracellular matrix and functional polymorphisms in encoding genes may contribute to genetic susceptibility to many cancers. Up to now, associations between MMP-7 (-181A>G) and digestive system cancer risk have remained inconclusive. To better understand the role of the MMP-7 (-181A>G) genotype in digestive cancer development, we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis encompassing 3,518 cases and 4,596 controls. Overall, the MMP-7 (-181A>G) polymorphism was associated with higher digestive system cancer risk on homozygote comparison (GG vs. AA, OR=1.21, 95% CI = 1.12-1.60) and in a dominant model (GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.16, 95% CI =1.03-1.46). On subgroup analysis, this polymorphism was significantly linked to higher risks for gastric cancer (GG vs. AA, OR=1.22, 95% CI = 1.02-1.46; GA vs. AA, OR=1.82, 95% CI =1.16-2.87; GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.13, 95% CI =1.01-1.27; GG vs. GA/AA, OR= 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06-2.39. We also observed increased susceptibility to colorectal cancer and esophageal SCC in both homozygote (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.06-1.26) and heterozygote comparisons (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.11-1.91). In the stratified analysis by controls, significant effects were only observed in population-based studies (GA vs. AA, OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.08-1.50; GA/AA vs. GG, OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.01-1.72). According to the source of ethnicity, a significantly increased risk was found among Asian populations in the homozygote model (GG vs. AA, OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.12-1.69), heterozygote model (GA vs. AA, OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.02-1.51), and dominant model (GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.08-1.55). Our findings suggest that the MMP-7 (-181A>G) polymorphism may be a risk factor for digestive system cancer, especially among Asian populations.

An Ordered Network Polymer of Bicontinuous Cubic Structure Resulting from Photo-Polymerization of a Coil-Rod-Coil Molecule Self-Assembly

Ke Li Zhong,Tie Chen,Bing Zhu Yin,Long Yi Jin 한국고분자학회 2009 Macromolecular Research Vol.17 No.4

Identification of Prostate Cancer LncRNAs by RNA-Seq

Hu, Cheng-Cheng,Gan, Ping,Zhang, Rui-Ying,Xue, Jin-Xia,Ran, Long-Ke Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21

Purpose: To identify prostate cancer lncRNAs using a pipeline proposed in this study, which is applicable for the identification of lncRNAs that are differentially expressed in prostate cancer tissues but have a negligible potential to encode proteins. Materials and Methods: We used two publicly available RNA-Seq datasets from normal prostate tissue and prostate cancer. Putative lncRNAs were predicted using the biological technology, then specific lncRNAs of prostate cancer were found by differential expression analysis and co-expression network was constructed by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results: A total of 1,080 lncRNA transcripts were obtained in the RNA-Seq datasets. Three genes (PCA3, C20orf166-AS1 and RP11-267A15.1) showed a significant differential expression in the prostate cancer tissues, and were thus identified as prostate cancer specific lncRNAs. Brown and black modules had significant negative and positive correlations with prostate cancer, respectively. Conclusions: The pipeline proposed in this study is useful for the prediction of prostate cancer specific lncRNAs. Three genes (PCA3, C20orf166-AS1, and RP11-267A15.1) were identified to have a significant differential expression in prostate cancer tissues. However, there have been no published studies to demonstrate the specificity of RP11-267A15.1 in prostate cancer tissues. Thus, the results of this study can provide a new theoretic insight into the identification of prostate cancer specific genes.

A Promising Injectable Scaffold: The Biocompatibility and Effect on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Ke Ding,Yu Long Zhang,Zhong Yang,Jian Zhong Xu 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.1

Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/collagen (C/GP/Co)is a promising injectable scaffold in the bone tissue engineering. In this study, we prepared this scaffold and evaluated its biocompatibility and effects on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). After fabrication, the C/GP/Co hydrogel was examined in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and showed a porous microstructure. Its biocompatibility was assessed by cell morphology and cell viability assays. Cell morphological observations were performed by fluorescent microscope in 2D cultivation and by laser confocal scanning microscope (LCSM) in 3D cultivation, respectively. Cell viability in 2D and that in 3D cultivation were both evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Its effect on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro was clarified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). An additional experiment of the ectopic bone formation in nude mice was conducted to investigate its effects on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs after subcutaneous injection. The results proved that C/GP/Co hydrogel exhibited good biocompatibility and enhanced the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. In the experiment of ectopic bone formation, this hydrogel demonstrated its capability of supporting neovascularization and differentiation of MSCs toward osteogenic lineage. Therefore, C/GP/Co hydrogel scaffold holds a great promise for the bone tissue engineering applications.