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Kazunari Takeuchi,Toru Yokoyama 대한척추신경외과학회 2019 Neurospine Vol.16 No.3
Objective: Muscles are usually detached from C2 to facilitate C2 pedicle screw insertion. The aim of this study was to compare 1-year postoperative axial symptoms and limitations in activities of daily livings (ADLs) accompanying reduced neck mobility between 2 procedures in which all C2 muscle attachments are preserved: laminoplasty and C2 to T1 fusion (LPF group: n=15) and laminoplasty alone (LP group: n=26). Methods: We examined axial symptoms and limitations in ADLs using the Japanese Orthopedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire. We also examined related factors, including the occiput (O)–C7 angle in extension and flexion, and the rotational and O–C2 ranges of motion (ROM). Results: The postoperative decreases in the O–C7 angle in flexion (27.8° vs. 9.4°) and rotational ROM (40° vs. 15°), as well as the compensating postoperative increase in the O–C2 ROM (11.7° vs. 2.3°), were significantly greater in the LPF group. Most of the axial symptoms were similar between groups. The ability to perform ADLs tended to worsen more frequently in the LPF group, but the difference did not achieve significance. Conclusion: Postoperative changes in axial symptoms and loss of ROM were not obstacles affecting patients’ ability to perform ADLs after laminoplasty with muscle-sparing C2 to T1 fusion.
A Cross-linguistic Analysis of Discourse Marker Use in Different Speech Tasks
Kazunari Shimada 범태평양 응용언어학회 2023 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.27 No.2
This study explored how the first language (L1) influences discourse marker use in second language (L2) speech. Some studies (e.g., Liu, 2013; Sankoff et al., 1997) have addressed the issue of L1 transfer of discourse markers in L2 speech, suggesting that non-native speakers’ L1 use may influence the frequency and usage of English discourse markers in their speech. However, only a few detailed studies have investigated L2 learners’ use of discourse markers under the influence of their L1. To compensate for these shortcomings, this study examines whether Japanese speakers’ L1 use influences their use of English discourse markers in speech. Two experiments were performed with Japanese college students using a question-and-answer task, a short speech task, and a picture description task. The results of the quantitative and qualitative analyses suggest that the use of some Japanese discourse markers may be transferred to the use of some English discourse markers such as and, so, and but in each task. Additionally, differences were observed in the items used as discourse markers in both English and Japanese by task.
( Kazunari Morimotot ),( Takao Kurokawat ),( Atsuko Shioyamat ),( Noriyuki Kushirott ),( Masayuki Inouett ) 한국감성과학회 2000 춘계학술대회 Vol.2000 No.-
Subjective correspondence among visual variables, auditory variables and vibratory feedback to a hand was experimentally examined to improve usability of a remote controller. First, we studied the correspondence among visual variables represented on a screen or auditory variables and the duration of vibratory stimulus to the subjects` hand by subjective evaluation. Subjective rating method was used in ten items; suitability, comprehensibility, ease-to-use, naturalness, variety, activity, usualness, interest, wish-to-use and feeling of pleasure. Second, to show the effects of multi-modal interface using visual sense, the sense of auditory and vibratory sense, we combined positive stereotype of visual variables and auditory variables provided with the first experiment. The results showed some stereotype between visual variables or auditory variables and duration of vibratory stimulus. Some of the variables such as size, direction of motion, hue, brightness of color and volume of sound had high correspondence with the duration of vibration.
Kazunari Nozue,박창진,Pamela C. Ronald 한국식물학회 2011 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.54 No.4
The rice host sensor, XA21, confers robust resistance to most strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the casual agent of bacterial blight disease. Using in planta fluorescence imaging of Xoo strain PXO99Az expressing a green fluorescent protein (Xoo-gfp)we show that XA21 restricts Xoo spread at the point of infection. This noninvasive and quantitative method to measure spatial distribution of Xoo populations in planta facilitates detailed assessment of plant disease resistance.
Self-assembly of Glyco-based Polymers for Biomedical Applications
Kazunari Akiyoshi 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.1
The biologics such as proteins and nucleic acids are attracting attention as innovative next-generation pharmaceutical products. We have developed various bio-inspired nanocarriers based on nanogel engineering, proteoliposome engineering and exosome engineering for biologics delivery in drug delivery system (DDS) and tissue engineering. A new methodology (nanogel tectonics) was proposed for constructing functional gels by controlling the association of self-assembled nanogels as building blocks, and apply them as biomaterials. Polymer vesicles represent potentially suitable compartments for nanofactories that can accumulate at disease sites in the body, where encapsulated enzymes would convert toxic materials into harmless compounds or transform inert prodrugs into cytotoxic compounds. We found a polymeric vesicle of glyco-based polymer (poly (propylene oxide) (PPO)) with an intrinsically permeable bilayer membrane as new enzyme nanoreactors. A new approach for enzyme prodrug cancer therapy have been proposed using bio-transporting nanofactories.