Occurrences of Two Spotted Mites, Tetranychus urticae as a New Major Pest in Persimmon Orchards and Their Chemical Control

Bu-Keun Chung,Mitsuhiro Kawashima,Chuleui Jung 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.05

As suggested by Kawashima (2006), the most abundant Tetranychidae was Tetranychus sp. as a pest in persimmon orchards. The observatory orchards were selected 16 in total, 2 from Gurye, 2 from Gwangyang, and 2 from Suncheon in Jeonnam Province and 3 from Jinju, 4 from Sacheon, and 3 from Sancheong in Gyeongnam Province. Number of mites in 100 persimmon leaves were observed from each orchards nearly every ten days. Careful rearing of the mites sample collected from the four observaory persimmon fields at which the mite had occurred the most seriously among 16 fields and results from taxanomical identification process indicated that the species was identified Tetranychus urticae. Maximum number of T. urticae reached to 436 on 27 June at Jeongdong, Sacheon, 108 on 1 August at Sinann, Sancheong, 406 on 26 June Okgok, Gwangyang, and 509 on 15 June Muncheok, Gurye. When the number reached to more than 400 mites, the persimmon leaves changed from clear yellow dots, to pale yellow, and to grey in the backside. An experiment was conducted to control T. urticae and to select highly active miticide in persimmon orchards in Jinju and Sacheon. Spiromesifen 20SC and acequinosyl 15 SC were effective.

The Three Phases Of Japan-China Joint-History Research: What Was The Challenge?

( Kawashima Shin ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2010 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.34 No.4

In 2006 the Japanese and Chinese governments initiated a joint historical project to promote mutual understanding of World War II history. The primary purpose was to depoliticize the issue of historical recognition, and to promote mutual understanding in the spirit of "agree to disagree." It can be said that both sides ultimately succeeded in this point. Yet the project remains incomplete, since the third stage of the research requires both sides to discuss and release research findings to the public. The Chinese government has consistently avoided doing so. As an outside contributor to this joint research, the author introduces how this intergovernmental history project was created and implemented at three levels-that of historians, then governments, and finally the media. New problems were created because of gaps in understanding between the Chinese and Japanese sides as well as communication problems at all three levels. One conclusion is that intergovernmental joint research may harden the shells of both sides` national histories in the end, making it necessary to encourage private institutions to conduct research on historical recognition in the future.

As-built modeling of piping system from terrestrial laser-scanned point clouds using normal-based region growing

Kawashima, Kazuaki,Kanai, Satoshi,Date, Hiroaki Society for Computational Design and Engineering 2014 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.1 No.1

Recently, renovations of plant equipment have been more frequent because of the shortened lifespans of the products, and as-built models from large-scale laser-scanned data is expected to streamline rebuilding processes. However, the laser-scanned data of an existing plant has an enormous amount of points, captures intricate objects, and includes a high noise level, so the manual reconstruction of a 3D model is very time-consuming and costly. Among plant equipment, piping systems account for the greatest proportion. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to propose an algorithm which could automatically recognize a piping system from the terrestrial laser-scanned data of plant equipment. The straight portion of pipes, connecting parts, and connection relationship of the piping system can be recognized in this algorithm. Normal-based region growing and cylinder surface fitting can extract all possible locations of pipes, including straight pipes, elbows, and junctions. Tracing the axes of a piping system enables the recognition of the positions of these elements and their connection relationship. Using only point clouds, the recognition algorithm can be performed in a fully automatic way. The algorithm was applied to large-scale scanned data of an oil rig and a chemical plant. Recognition rates of about 86%, 88%, and 71% were achieved straight pipes, elbows, and junctions, respectively.

Mental Exercises for Cognitive Function: Clinical Evidence

Kawashima, Ryuta The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2013 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.46 No.suppl

The purpose of this study was to examine the beneficial effects of a new cognitive intervention program designed for the care and prevention of dementia, namely Learning Therapy. The training program used systematized basic problems in arithmetic and Japanese language as training tasks. In study 1, 16 individuals in the experimental group and 16 in the control group were recruited from a nursing home. In both groups, all individuals were clinically diagnosed with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. In study 2, we performed a single-blind, randomized controlled trial in our cognitive intervention program of 124 community-dwelling seniors. In both studies, the daily training program using reading and arithmetic tasks was carried out approximately 5 days a week, for 15 to 20 minutes a day in the intervention groups. Neuropsychological measures were determined simultaneously in the groups both prior to and after six months of the intervention. The results of our investigations indicate that our cognitive intervention using reading and arithmetic problems demonstrated a transfer effect and they provide convincing evidence that cognitive training maintains and improves the cognitive functions of dementia patients and healthy seniors.

Stepwise <i>vs.</i> concerted pathways in scandium ion-coupled electron transfer from superoxide ion to <i>p</i>-benzoquinone derivatives

Kawashima, Tomonori,Ohkubo, Kei,Fukuzumi, Shunichi The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.13 No.8

<P>Superoxide ion (O<SUB>2</SUB>&z.rad;<SUP>−</SUP>) forms a stable 1 : 1 complex with scandium hexamethylphosphoric triamide complex [Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP>], which can be detected in solution by ESR spectroscopy. Electron transfer from O<SUB>2</SUB>&z.rad;<SUP>−</SUP>–Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> complex to a series of <I>p</I>-benzoquinone derivatives occurs, accompanied by binding of Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> to the corresponding semiquinoneradical anion complex to produce the semiquinone radical anion-Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> complexes. The 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes between semiquinoneradical anions and Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> depending on the type of semiquinoneradical anions were detected by ESR measurements. This is defined as Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP>-coupled electron transfer. There are two reaction pathways in the Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP>-coupled electron transfer. One is a stepwise pathway in which the binding of Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> to semiquinoneradical anions occurs after the electron transfer, when the rate of electron transfer remains constant with the change in concentration of Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP>. The other is a concerted pathway in which electron transfer and the binding of Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> occurs in a concerted manner, when the rates of electron transfer exhibit first-order and second-order dependence on the concentration of Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> depending the number of Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> (one and two) bound to semiquinoneradical anions. The contribution of two pathways changes depending on the substituents on <I>p</I>-benzoquinone derivatives. The present study provides the first example to clarify the kinetics and mechanism of metal ion-coupled electron-transfer reactions of the superoxide ion.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Electron transfer from O<SUB>2</SUB>&z.rad;<SUP>−</SUP>–Sc(HMPA)<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>3+</SUP> to a series of <I>p</I>-benzoquinone derivatives occurs <I>via</I> concerted and stepwise pathways. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0cp00916d'> </P>

Postwar Japan-China Relationship: Contemplation from the Perspective of Reconciliation

( Kawashima Shin ) 대한민국역사박물관 2015 Journal of Contemporary Korean Studies Vol.2 No.2

This paper depicts the China-Japan relationship after WWII from the perspective of “reconciliation” and suggests comparative perspectives that could be applied to the post-war Japan-Korea relationship. The key phrase that connects the “Abe Statement” published on August 14, 2015 and the “Report of World Order in the 21st Century” is “post-war reconciliation.” The seventy years of Japan-China relations after the Second World War indicate that while both sides have made movements towards reconciliation, the surrounding situation has not coincided with such intentions for seventy years. This is rather distinct from Japan-Korea relations. During the 1950s, and the 1960s although the idea of reconciliation was emerging, there was only limited progress. Economic relations between Japan and China grew rapidly in the 1980s, but Japan’s movements to improve relations with China overlapped with China’s reinforcement of the anti Japanese education system that was adopted as a tool for controlling domestic society after the Cold War. From 1990 onwards, Japan and China’s continuous mutual efforts for reconciliation have shown a certain level of progress. Henceforth, in order to unify their disharmonic past, mutual efforts will need to be made towards pacification as the foundation for improved Japan-China relations.

Effect of Cu Content and Heat Treatment on Hardness and Corrosion Resistance in Ag-Pd-Au-Cu Alloys

Kawashima I,Koiso K,Ryukata I,Berzins DW,Kumakura M 대한치과재료학회 2011 대한치과기재학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.5

XPS and Electrochemical Studies of Amorphous Ni-Nb-Ta-P Alloys in 12 M HCl

Kawashima, A.,Sato, T.,Asami, K. 한국부식방식학회 2002 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.31 No.6

The open circuit potentials of the amorphous Ni-Nb-Ta-P alloys containing 15 at% or more tantalum increased with immersion time and are located in the passive region of the alloys, although those with containing 10 at% or less tantalum decrease with immersion time in 12 M HC1 solution at 30℃ open to air. The high tantalum-bearing alloys are spontaneously passivated. XPS analysis revealed that the spontaneous passive films formed on the alloys in the hydrochloric acid are rich in tantalum and niobium cations and deficient in nickel cation. The high corrosion resistance of these alloys with high tantalum content is attributed to the protective nature of passive film consisting of hydrated tantalum oxyhydroxide.

Artificial ground shelters for overwintering phytoseiid mites in orchards

Kawashima, Mitsuhiro,Jung, Chuleui Springer-Verlag 2010 Experimental & applied acarology Vol.52 No.1

Photoinduced DNA cleavage by formation of ROS from oxygen with a neurotransmitter and aromatic amino acids

Kawashima, Tomonori,Ohkubo, Kei,Fukuzumi, Shunichi Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Organic & biomolecular chemistry Vol.8 No.5

<P>UV-B photoirradiation of a neurotransmitter (serotonin) and aromatic amino acids (tryptophan and tyrosine) with oxygen results in DNA cleavage by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as demonstrated by agarose gel electrophoresis with pBR 322 DNA, ESR and laser flash photolysis measurements.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>UV-B photoirradiation of serotonin, tryptophan and tyrosine with oxygen results in DNA cleavage by generation of reactive oxygen species as demonstrated by agarose gel electrophoresis with pBR 322 DNA. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b924560j'> </P>