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Masoud Kavosh Tehrani,Sayed Sajjad Mousavi Fard 한국광학회 2017 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.1 No.2
A diffraction limited optical system for head mounted displays (HMDs) was designed. This opticalsystem consists of four modules, including 1:5 mm and 5:30 mm beam expanders, polarization gratingpolarizationconversion system (PG-PCS) and refractive/diffractive projection optical module. The PG-PCSmodule transforms the unpolarized Gaussian beam to a linearly polarized beam and it simultaneouslyhomogenizes the spatial intensity profile. The optical projector module has a 30° field of view, a 22 mmeye relief, and a 10 mm exit pupil diameter with a compact structure. Common acrylic materials wereutilized in the optical design process; therefore, the final optical system was lightweight. The whole opticalsystem is suitable for a 0.7 inch liquid crystal on silicon microdisplay (LCOS) with HDTV resolution(1920×1080) and 8.0 μm pixel pitch.
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Talabani Ranjdar Mahmood,Garib Balkees Taha,Masaeli Reza,Zandsalimi Kavosh,Ketabat Farinaz 대한치과보존학회 2021 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.46 No.1
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dystrophic mineralization deposits from 3 calcium silicate-based cements (Micro-Mega mineral trioxide aggregate [MM-MTA], Biodentine [BD], and EndoSequence Root Repair Material [ESRRM] putty) over time after subcutaneous implantation into rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-five silicon tubes containing the tested materials and 15 empty tubes (serving as a control group) were subcutaneously implanted into the backs of 15 Wistar rats. At 1, 4, and 8 weeks after implantation, the animals were euthanized (n = 5 animals/group), and the silicon tubes were removed with the surrounding tissues. Histopathological tissue sections were stained with von Kossa stain to assess mineralization. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) were also used to assess the chemical components of the surface precipitates deposited on the implant and the pattern of calcium and phosphorus distribution at the material-tissue interface. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratios were compared using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 5%. Results: The von Kossa staining showed that both BD and ESRRM putty induced mineralization starting at week 1; this mineralization increased further until the end of the study. In contrast, MM-MTA induced dystrophic calcification later, from 4 weeks onward. SEM/EDX showed no statistically significant differences in the calcium- and phosphorus-rich areas among the 3 materials at any time point (p > 0.05). Conclusions: After subcutaneous implantation, biomineralization of the 3-calcium silicate-based cements started early and increased over time, and all 3 tested cements generated calcium- and phosphorus-containing surface precipitates.
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